How COVID-19 shaped mental health: from infection to pandemic effects

Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(10), P. 2027 - 2037

Published: Oct. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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A hidden pandemic? An umbrella review of global evidence on mental health in the time of COVID-19

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 8, 2023

Background The mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic remain a public concern. High quality synthesis extensive global literature is needed to quantify this impact and identify factors associated with adverse outcomes. Methods We conducted rigorous umbrella review meta-review present (a) pooled prevalence probable depression, anxiety, stress, psychological distress, post-traumatic (b) standardised mean difference in depression anxiety pre-versus-during period, (c) comprehensive narrative poorer Databases searched included Scopus, Embase, PsycINFO, MEDLINE dated March 2022. Eligibility criteria systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses, published post-November 2019, reporting data English on outcomes during pandemic. Findings Three hundred thirty-eight were included, 158 which incorporated meta-analyses. Meta-review symptoms ranged from 24.4% (95%CI: 18–31%, I 2 : 99.98%) for general populations 41.1% 23–61%, 99.65%) vulnerable populations. Prevalence depressive 22.9% 17–30%, 99.99%) 32.5% 17–52%, 99.35) distress PTSD/PTSS 39.1% 34–44%; 99.91%), 44.2% 32–58%; 99.95%), 18.8% 15–23%; 99.87%), respectively. comparing pre-COVID-19 revealed standard differences 0.20 (95%CI = 0.07–0.33) 0.29 0.12–0.45), Conclusion This first synthesise longitudinal show that significantly higher than pre-COVID-19, provide some evidence adolescents, pregnant postpartum people, those hospitalised experienced heightened health. Policymakers can modify future responses accordingly mitigate such measures

Language: Английский

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Liver diseases: epidemiology, causes, trends and predictions

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Abstract As a highly complex organ with digestive, endocrine, and immune-regulatory functions, the liver is pivotal in maintaining physiological homeostasis through its roles metabolism, detoxification, immune response. Various factors including viruses, alcohol, metabolites, toxins, other pathogenic agents can compromise function, leading to acute or chronic injury that may progress end-stage diseases. While sharing common features, diseases exhibit distinct pathophysiological, clinical, therapeutic profiles. Currently, contribute approximately 2 million deaths globally each year, imposing significant economic social burdens worldwide. However, there no cure for many kinds of diseases, partly due lack thorough understanding development these Therefore, this review provides comprehensive examination epidemiology characteristics covering spectrum from conditions manifestations. We also highlight multifaceted mechanisms underlying initiation progression spanning molecular cellular levels networks. Additionally, offers updates on innovative diagnostic techniques, current treatments, potential targets presently under clinical evaluation. Recent advances pathogenesis hold critical implications translational value novel strategies.

Language: Английский

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Perspectives on the Underlying Etiology of HCC and Its Effects on Treatment Outcomes

Journal of Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: Volume 10, P. 413 - 428

Published: March 1, 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) continues to be a serious medical problem with poor prognosis worldwide. The distribution of the major etiologies HCC is changing due progress anti-viral treatments, including hepatitis B virus (HBV) suppression by nucleoside/nucleotide analogues (NAs) and increased sustained virologic response (SVR) rates direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) for C (HCV), as well rising trend nonviral liver disease. Although viral remains most common cause HCC, non-alcoholic disease (NAFLD) metabolic syndrome alcohol-associated (ALD) are increasing. Effective well-tolerated NAs treatment can slow progression chronic HBV infection cirrhosis, end-stage disease, reduce risk. Treatment also associated significant improvement in long-term survival patients who already have HCC. DAAs achieved elimination almost all HCV without adverse events, even decompensated cirrhosis Similarly, DAA therapy progression, non-liver complications, improve or Meanwhile, NAFLD rapidly increasing along epidemics obesity type 2 diabetes globally. NAFLD-related occur known lower rate than hepatitis-related Since there currently no specific pharmacotherapy effective NAFLD, lifestyle modification prevention complications important prognosis. Additionally, ALD second fastest-growing HCC-related deaths, especially an accelerated since COVID-19 pandemic. This review provides overview epidemiologic trends treatments each etiology impact on outcome

Language: Английский

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Advances in the understanding and management of alcohol-related liver disease

BMJ, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e077090 - e077090

Published: Nov. 20, 2023

Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is a major cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality. Epidemiological trends indicate recent predicted increases in the burden disease. Disease progression driven by continued alcohol exposure on background genetic predisposition together with environmental cofactors. Most individuals present advanced despite long history excessive consumption multiple missed opportunities to intervene. Increasing evidence supports use non-invasive tests screen for identify at earlier stages. There definite role public health measures reduce overall At an individual level, however, ability influence subsequent course modifying or underlying pathogenic mechanisms remains limited due comparative lack effective, disease-modifying medical interventions. Abstinence from key determinant outcome established ALD cornerstone clinical management. In those decompensated ALD, transplant has clear role. consensus that abstinence arbitrary period should not be sole decision transplant. An increasing understanding which causes susceptible offers prospect new therapeutic targets drugs. Successful translation will require significant private investment area traditionally been underfunded when compared its prevalence.

Language: Английский

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Alcohol control policies reduce all-cause mortality in Baltic Countries and Poland between 2001 and 2020

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: April 18, 2023

Abstract Alcohol consumption in the Baltic countries and Poland is among highest globally, causing high all-cause mortality rates. Contrary to Poland, have adopted many alcohol control policies, including World Health Organization (WHO) “best buys”. The aim of this study was evaluate impact these which were implemented between 2001 2020, on mortality. Monthly data for men women aged 20+ years age Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, analysed 2020. A total 19 fulfilling an a-priori defined definition, 2020 interest, 18 them could be tested. Interrupted time-series analyses conducted by employing a generalized additive mixed model (GAMM) separately. age-standardized rate lowest Latvia had decreased all over time period. Taxation increases availability restrictions short-term effects countries, average reducing significantly (a reduction 2.31% (95% CI 0.71%, 3.93%; p = 0.0045)). All-cause rates not reduced 1.09% − 0.02%, 2.20%; 0.0554)). In conclusion, policies thus, practice should continued.

Language: Английский

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The impact of COVID-19 on alcohol sales and consumption in the United States: A retrospective, observational analysis

Alcohol, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 111, P. 25 - 31

Published: May 23, 2023

Language: Английский

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Classifying national drinking patterns in Europe between 2000 and 2019: A clustering approach using comparable exposure data

Addiction, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 119(9), P. 1543 - 1553

Published: June 24, 2024

Abstract Background and aims Previously identified national drinking patterns in Europe lack comparability might be no longer valid due to changes economic conditions policy frameworks. We aimed identify the most recent alcohol based on comparable exposure indicators using a data‐driven approach, as well identifying temporal establishing empirical links between these of alcohol‐related harm. Design Data from World Health Organization's monitoring system were used. Repeated cross‐sectional hierarchical cluster analyses applied. Differences alcohol‐attributable harm clusters countries analyzed via linear regression. Setting European Union countries, plus Iceland, Norway Ukraine, for 2000, 2010, 2015 2019. Participants/Cases Observations consisted annual country data, at four different time points exposure. Harm only included Measurements Alcohol per capita consumption (APC), beverage‐specific prevalence status (lifetime abstainers, current drinkers, former drinkers heavy episodic drinking). Alcohol‐attributable was measured age‐standardized Disability‐Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) lost deaths 100 000 people. Findings The same six 2019, mainly characterized by type alcoholic beverage indicators, with geographical interpretation. Two‐thirds remained over time, one additional low APC. shown significantly associated DALY rates. Compared wine‐drinking mortality rate people higher Eastern high spirits ‘other’ [ = 90, 95% confidence interval (CI) 55–126], lifetime abstainers ( 42, CI 4–78). Conclusions appear clustered level consumption, being distinguishing factors clusters. Despite overall stability some shifted 2000 Overall, seem stable partly determined proximity.

Language: Английский

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Hospital admissions for alcohol, opioids, cannabinoids and sedatives or hypnotics related intoxications among children, adolescents and young adults in Slovenia: The period before and after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic

Heroin addiction and related clinical problems, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26, P. 1 - 18

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Trends of fully alcohol-attributable mortality rates before and during COVID-19 in the Baltic and other European countries

Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 6, 2024

We tested the polarization hypothesis, which postulates that during times of crises, such as COVID-19 pandemic, alcohol consumption increases among heaviest drinkers but decreases most other drinkers, resulting in an overall decrease population. posited increase heavy drinking would lead to 100% alcohol-attributable (AA) mortality. Furthermore, based on high level Baltic countries compared European countries, we predicted AA mortality be more pronounced these countries.

Language: Английский

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