Obesity‐induced tissue alterations resist weight loss: A mechanistic review

Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(8), P. 3045 - 3057

Published: May 8, 2024

Abstract Interventions aimed at weight control often have limited effectiveness in combating obesity. This review explores how obesity‐induced dysfunction white (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT), skeletal muscle, the brain blunt loss, leading to retention of stored fat. In obesity, increased adrenergic stimulation inflammation downregulate β‐adrenoreceptors impair catecholaminergic signalling adipocytes. disrupts adrenergic‐mediated lipolysis, diminishing lipid oxidation both adipocytes, lowering thermogenesis blunting fat loss. Emerging evidence suggests that WAT fibrosis is associated with worse loss outcomes; indeed, limiting collagen laminin‐α4 deposition mitigates accumulation, enhances browning, protects against high‐fat‐diet‐induced Obesity compromises mitochondrial oxidative capacity impairing its ability switch between glucose metabolism response varying nutrient levels exercise. dysfunctional phenotype muscle exacerbated presence obesity‐associated sarcopenia. Additionally, obesity suppresses sarcolipin‐induced sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA) activation, resulting reduced capacity, diminished energy expenditure, adiposity. hypothalamus, overnutrition insulin leptin signalling. blunts central satiety signals, favouring a shift balance toward conservation body retention. Moreover, obese animals humans demonstrate impaired dopaminergic responses intake striatum, which tend persist after may result enduring inclinations overeating sedentary lifestyle. Collectively, adaptations described pose significant challenges effectively achieving sustaining

Language: Английский

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Comprehensive Strategies for Metabolic Syndrome: How Nutrition, Dietary Polyphenols, Physical Activity, and Lifestyle Modifications Address Diabesity, Cardiovascular Diseases, and Neurodegenerative Conditions

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 327 - 327

Published: June 11, 2024

Several hallmarks of metabolic syndrome, such as dysregulation in the glucose and lipid metabolism, endothelial dysfunction, insulin resistance, low-to-medium systemic inflammation, intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, represent a pathological bridge between syndrome diabesity, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative disorders. This review aims to highlight some therapeutic strategies against involving integrative approaches improve lifestyle daily diet. The beneficial effects foods containing antioxidant polyphenols, control, physical activity were also considered. We comprehensively examined large body published articles basic, animal, human studie, well recent guidelines. As result, dietary polyphenols from natural plant-based antioxidants adherence Mediterranean diet, along with exercise, are promising complementary therapies delay or prevent onset counteract diabesity cardiovascular diseases, protect disorders cognitive decline. Modulation reduces risks associated MS, improves diabetes diseases (CVD), exerts neuroprotective action. Despite several studies, estimation polyphenol intake is inconclusive requires further evidence. Lifestyle interventions reduced calorie can outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Sympathetic nervous system inhibition enhances cardiac metabolism and improves hemodynamics and glucose-insulin dynamics in obese and lean rat models

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Language: Английский

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Moderating carbohydrate digestion rate in mice promotes fat oxidation and metabolic flexibility revealed through a new approach to assess metabolic substrate utilization

European Journal of Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 64(2)

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Language: Английский

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Impact of BMI Reduction After Sleeve Surgery on ESR and CRP Levels in Patients with Obesity

Obesity Surgery, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 3, 2025

Language: Английский

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