Molecular mechanisms and physiological importance of circadian rhythms

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 21(2), P. 67 - 84

Published: Nov. 25, 2019

Language: Английский

---

The Regulation of Drosophila Sleep

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 31(1), P. R38 - R49

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Language: Английский

---

Model and Non-model Insects in Chronobiology

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Nov. 26, 2020

The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is an established model organism in chronobiology, because genetic manipulation and breeding the laboratory are easy. circadian clock neuroanatomy D. one of best-known networks insects basic behavior has been characterized detail this insect. Another chronobiology honey bee Apis mellifera , which diurnal foraging described already early twentieth century. A. hallmarks research on interplay between sociality complex behaviors like sun compass navigation time-place-learning. Nevertheless, there aspects structure function, for example role photoperiodism diapause, can be only insufficiently investigated these two models. Unlike high-latitude flies such as Chymomyza costata or ezoana cosmopolitan do not display a photoperiodic diapause. Similarly, bees go into “real” but most solitary species exhibit obligatory Furthermore, evolved different Hymenoptera independently, wherefore it might misleading to study social Consequently, additional non-model required understand Diptera Hymenoptera. In review, we introduce compare them with other show their advantages limitations general models insect clocks.

Language: Английский

---

EYES ABSENT and TIMELESS integrate photoperiodic and temperature cues to regulate seasonal physiology in Drosophila

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 117(26), P. 15293 - 15304

Published: June 15, 2020

Organisms possess photoperiodic timing mechanisms to detect variations in day length and temperature as the seasons progress. The nature of molecular interpreting signaling these environmental changes elicit downstream neuroendocrine physiological responses are just starting emerge. Here, we demonstrate that, Drosophila melanogaster, EYES ABSENT (EYA) acts a seasonal sensor by trigger appropriate responses. We observed that tissue-specific genetic manipulation eya expression is sufficient disrupt ability flies sense cues, thereby altering extent female reproductive dormancy. Specifically, EYA proteins, which peak at night short photoperiod accumulate higher levels cold, promote dormancy D. melanogaster Furthermore, provide evidence indicating role photoperiodism sensing aided stabilizing action light-sensitive circadian clock protein TIMELESS (TIM). postulate increased stability level TIM under together with production cold-induced light-insensitive isoforms facilitate accumulation winter conditions. This supported our observations tim null mutants exhibit reduced incidence simulated conditions, while overexpressing show an even long photoperiod.

Language: Английский

---

Discovering signaling mechanisms governing metabolism and metabolic diseases with Drosophila

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 33(7), P. 1279 - 1292

Published: June 16, 2021

Language: Английский

---

Connectomic analysis of the Drosophila lateral neuron clock cells reveals the synaptic basis of functional pacemaker classes

eLife, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: June 29, 2022

The circadian clock orchestrates daily changes in physiology and behavior to ensure internal temporal order optimal timing across the day. In animals, a central brain coordinates rhythms throughout body is characterized by remarkable robustness that depends on synaptic connections between constituent neurons. neuron network of Drosophila, which shares motifs with networks mammalian yet built many fewer neurons, offers powerful model for understanding properties timekeeping. Here, we report an assessment connectivity within network, focusing critical lateral (LN) classes Janelia hemibrain dataset. Our results reveal previously identified anatomical functional subclasses LNs represent distinct connectomic types. Moreover, identify small number non-clock cell subtypes representing highly synaptically coupled nodes network. This suggests neurons lacking molecular timekeeping likely play integral roles To our knowledge, this represents first comprehensive analysis neuronal network.Most organisms Earth possess system ensures bodily processes such as sleep, wakefulness or digestion take place at right time. These precise are kept check master brain. There, thousands – some carrying ‘molecular clock’ connect each other through structures known synapses. Exactly how resulting organised support remains unclear. explore question, Shafer, Gutierrez et al. focused fruit flies, recent efforts have systematically mapped every connection organism. Analysing available data from connectome project revealed most important were fact forming fewest synapses addition, without clocks mediated strong those did, suggesting ‘clockless’ cells still role With research, provide unexpected insights into organisation clock. Better underpin will help grasp why these disrupted obesity, depression Alzheimer’s disease.

Language: Английский

---

Recovery from cold-induced reproductive dormancy is regulated by temperature-dependent AstC signaling

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(6), P. 1362 - 1375.e8

Published: Feb. 16, 2022

Language: Английский

---

The Neuronal Circuit of the Dorsal Circadian Clock Neurons in Drosophila melanogaster

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: April 29, 2022

Drosophila's dorsal clock neurons (DNs) consist of four clusters (DN1as, DN1ps, DN2s, and DN3s) that largely differ in size. While the DN1as DN2s encompass only two neurons, DN1ps ∼15 DN3s comprise ∼40 per brain hemisphere. In comparison to well-characterized lateral (LNs), neuroanatomy function DNs are still not clear. Over past decade, numerous studies have addressed their role fly's circadian system, leading several sometimes divergent results. Nonetheless, these agreed important fine-tune activity under light temperature cycles play essential roles linking output from LNs downstream control sleep metabolism. Here, we used Flybow specific split-GAL4 lines, trans-Tango, recently published fly connectome (called hemibrain) describe morphology greater detail, including synaptic connections other non-clock neurons. We show some DN groups heterogenous. certain strongly connected with LNs, others mainly signal circuits clock. Among latter mushroom body central complex tubercle bulb neurosecretory cells pars intercerebralis, unidentified partners. This heterogeneity may explain conflicting results previously found about functionality. Most importantly, identify putative novel communication centers network: one fiber bundle superior protocerebrum running toward anterior optic hub posterior protocerebrum. Both invaded by might an instrumental network.

Language: Английский

---

Peptidergic signaling from clock neurons regulates reproductive dormancy in Drosophila melanogaster

PLoS Genetics, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 15(6), P. e1008158 - e1008158

Published: June 13, 2019

With the approach of winter, many insects switch to an alternative protective developmental program called diapause. Drosophila melanogaster females overwinter as adults by inducing a reproductive arrest that is characterized inhibition ovarian development at previtellogenic stages. The insulin producing cells (IPCs) are key regulators this process, since they produce and release insulin-like peptides act diapause-antagonizing hormones. Here we show in D. two neuropeptides, Pigment Dispersing Factor (PDF) short Neuropeptide F (sNPF) inhibit arrest, likely through modulation IPCs. In particular, genetic manipulations PDF-expressing neurons, which include sNPF-producing small ventral Lateral Neurons (s-LNvs), modulated levels dormancy, suggesting involvement both neuropeptides. We expressed genetically encoded cAMP sensor IPCs challenged brain explants with synthetic PDF sNPF. Bath applications neuropeptides increased IPCs, even more so when were applied together, synergistic effect. application sNPF additionally Ca2+ Our results indicate dormancy maintaining active state.

Language: Английский

---

The neuropeptide pigment‐dispersing factor signals independently of Bruchpilot‐labelled active zones in daily remodelled terminals of Drosophila clock neurons

European Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 59(10), P. 2665 - 2685

Published: Feb. 27, 2024

Abstract The small ventrolateral neurons (sLNvs) are key components of the central clock in Drosophila brain. They signal via neuropeptide pigment‐dispersing factor (PDF) to align molecular clockwork different and modulate downstream circuits. dorsal terminals sLNvs undergo daily morphological changes that affect presynaptic sites organised by active zone protein Bruchpilot (BRP), a homolog mammalian ELKS proteins. However, role these for PDF release is ill‐defined. Here, we combined expansion microscopy with labelling zones endogenously tagged BRP examine spatial correlation between PDF‐containing dense‐core vesicles BRP‐labelled zones. We found number puncta sLNv was similar while their density differed Zeitgeber time (ZT) 2 14. relative distance BRP‐ PDF‐labelled increased morning, around reported release. Spontaneous vesicle profiles publicly available ssTEM dataset (FAFB) consistently lacked BRP‐organised RNAi‐mediated downregulation brp other proteins expressed did not PDF‐dependent locomotor rhythmicity. In contrast, down‐regulation genes encoding canonical machinery, vesicle‐related CADPS, as well impaired Taken together, our study suggests from independent zones, may be redistributed time‐dependent manner.

Language: Английский

---