Critical transition of soil bacterial diversity and composition triggered by nitrogen enrichment

Ecology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 101(8)

Published: April 3, 2020

Abstract Soil bacterial communities are pivotal in regulating terrestrial biogeochemical cycles and ecosystem functions. The increase global nitrogen (N) deposition has impacted various aspects of ecosystems, but we still have a rudimentary understanding whether there is threshold for N input level beyond which soil will experience critical transitions. Using high‐throughput sequencing the 16S rRNA gene, examined responses to long‐term (13 yr), multi‐level, addition experiment temperate steppe northern China. We found that plant diversity decreased linear fashion with increasing addition. However, responded nonlinearly addition, such it was unaffected by below 16 g N·m −2 ·yr −1 , substantially when exceeded 32 . A meta‐analysis across four experiments same study region further confirmed this nonlinear response inputs. Substantial changes community structure also occurred between levels Further analysis revealed loss primarily attributed reduction pH, whereas were driven combination increased availability, reduced structure. In shifted toward more putatively copiotrophic taxa. Overall, our identified composition. observed indicates although resistant low input, could trigger transition, shifting low‐diversity state.

Language: Английский

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Soil Microbial Biogeography in a Changing World: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives

mSystems, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 5(2)

Published: April 20, 2020

Soil microbial communities are fundamental to maintaining key soil processes associated with litter decomposition, nutrient cycling, and plant productivity thus integral human well-being. Recent technological advances have exponentially increased our knowledge concerning the global ecological distributions of across space time provided evidence for their contribution ecosystem functions. However, major gaps in biogeography remain be addressed over coming years as technology research questions continue evolve. In this minireview, we state recent future directions study discuss need a clearer concept species, projections toward change scenarios, importance embracing culture isolation approaches determine functional profiles. This will critical better predict functions changing world.

Language: Английский

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High microbial diversity stabilizes the responses of soil organic carbon decomposition to warming in the subsoil on the Tibetan Plateau

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(10), P. 2061 - 2075

Published: Feb. 10, 2021

Abstract Soil microbes are directly involved in soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition, yet the importance of microbial biodiversity regulating temperature sensitivity SOC decomposition remains elusive, particularly alpine regions where climate change is predicted to strongly affect dynamics and ecosystem stability. Here we collected topsoil subsoil samples along an elevational gradient on southeastern Tibetan Plateau explore ( Q 10 ) relation changes communities. Specifically, tested whether would be more sensitive warming when diversity low. The estimated value ranged from 1.28 1.68, 1.80 2.10 subsoil, respectively. highest was observed at lowest altitude forests topsoil, meadow subsoil. Variations were closely related properties. In ratio gram‐positive gram‐negative bacteria (G+:G−) predominant factor associated with altitudinal variations . showed resilience (both whole community major groups) fungi higher. Our results partly support positive biodiversity‐ecosystem stability hypothesis. Structural equation modeling further indicates that composition, which affected by pH. Collectively our provide compelling evidence plays important role stabilizing montane ecosystems. Conservation belowground therefore great maintaining processes under high‐elevation Plateau.

Language: Английский

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Effects of Microplastic Fibers on Soil Aggregation and Enzyme Activities Are Organic Matter Dependent

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: April 6, 2021

Microplastic as an anthropogenic pollutant accumulates in terrestrial ecosystems over time, threatening soil quality and health, for example by decreasing aggregate stability. Organic matter addition is efficient approach to promote stability, yet little known about whether microplastic can reduce the beneficial effect of organic on We investigated impacts fibers presence or absence different materials carrying out a incubation experiment. This experiment was set up fully factorial design containing all combinations (no fiber addition, two types polyester fibers, polyacrylic) Medicago lupulina leaves, Plantago lanceolata wheat straw, hemp stems). evaluated percentage water-stable aggregates (WSA) activities four enzymes (β-glucosidase, β-D-celluliosidase, N-acetyl-b-glucosaminidase, phosphatase). increased WSA enzyme activities, expected. In particular, straw 224.77 281.65% 298.51 55.45%, respectively. had no without but decreased 26.20 37.57% 23.85 26.11%, respectively, straw. Our study shows that effects aggregation are dependent. A possible reason stimulated greater degree, resulting more newly formed microplastic, incorporated led less stable aggregates, decrease highlights important aspect context dependency health. results also suggest risks stability associated with additions, such common agroecosystems, when microplastics present.

Language: Английский

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Multiple anthropogenic pressures eliminate the effects of soil microbial diversity on ecosystem functions in experimental microcosms

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: July 23, 2022

Abstract Biodiversity is crucial for the provision of ecosystem functions. However, ecosystems are now exposed to a rapidly growing number anthropogenic pressures, and it remains unknown whether biodiversity can still promote functions under multifaceted pressures. Here we investigated effects soil microbial diversity on properties when faced with an increasing simultaneous global change factors in experimental microcosms. Higher had positive effect no or few (i.e., 1–4) were applied, but this was eliminated by co-occurrence numerous factors. This attributable reduction fungal abundance relative ecological cluster coexisting bacterial taxa. Our study indicates that reducing pressures should be goal management, addition conservation.

Language: Английский

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