Near-surface remote sensing applications for a robust, climate-smart measurement, monitoring, and information system (MMIS) DOI Creative Commons
Benjamin R. K. Runkle, Mallory L. Barnes, Matthew P. Dannenberg

et al.

Carbon Management, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

To reduce its greenhouse gas (GHG) impact, the United States government plans GHG Measurement, Monitoring, and Information System (MMIS) activities to better quantify sources sinks in natural, forested, agricultural ecosystems. The national strategy discusses several areas where a robust MMIS can be strengthened by near-surface remote sensing (RS) technology—i.e. non-contact measurement of electromagnetic signals sensors mounted near ground, on towers, or drones. Here, we outline specific applications RS for an MMIS, using tools presently available offering guidance improvements needed expansion their applications. Near-surface help carbon stocks assessing vegetation structure function, it inform cross-scale understanding ecosystem processes properties. integration into will overcome some limitations uncertainties current cycle accounting methods project implementation. Development robust, standardized systems accomplished through transdisciplinary partnerships among agencies, academics, land managers, private sector. result hasten achievement objectives improved bottom-up top-down estimation accessibility standardization data measurements.

Language: Английский

The principles of natural climate solutions DOI Creative Commons
Peter W. Ellis,

Aaron Marr Page,

Stephen A. Wood

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 23, 2024

Abstract Natural climate solutions can mitigate change in the near-term, during a climate-critical window. Yet, persistent misunderstandings about what constitutes natural solution generate unnecessary confusion and controversy, thereby delaying critical mitigation action. Based on review of scientific literature best practices, we distill five foundational principles (nature-based, sustainable, climate-additional, measurable, equitable) fifteen operational for practical implementation. By adhering to these principles, practitioners activate effective durable solutions, enabling rapid wide-scale adoption necessary meaningfully contribute mitigation.

Language: Английский

Citations

45
Knowledge-guided machine learning can improve carbon cycle quantification in agroecosystems DOI Creative Commons
Licheng Liu, Wang Zhou, Kaiyu Guan

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Accurate and cost-effective quantification of the carbon cycle for agroecosystems at decision-relevant scales is critical to mitigating climate change ensuring sustainable food production. However, conventional process-based or data-driven modeling approaches alone have large prediction uncertainties due complex biogeochemical processes model lack observations constrain many key state flux variables. Here we propose a Knowledge-Guided Machine Learning (KGML) framework that addresses above challenges by integrating knowledge embedded in model, high-resolution remote sensing observations, machine learning (ML) techniques. Using U.S. Corn Belt as testbed, demonstrate KGML can outperform black-box ML models quantifying dynamics. Our approach quantitatively reveals 86% more spatial detail soil organic changes than coarse-resolution approaches. Moreover, outline protocol improving via various paths, which be generalized develop hybrid better predict earth system

Language: Английский

Citations

40
Expert review of the science underlying nature-based climate solutions DOI Creative Commons
Brian Buma, Doria R. Gordon, Kristin M. Kleisner

et al.

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 402 - 406

Published: March 21, 2024

Abstract Viable nature-based climate solutions (NbCS) are needed to achieve goals expressed in international agreements like the Paris Accord. Many NbCS pathways have strong scientific foundations and can deliver meaningful benefits but effective mitigation is undermined by with less certainty. Here we couple an extensive literature review expert elicitation on 43 find that at present most used pathways, such as tropical forest conservation, a solid basis for mitigation. However, experts suggested some many carbon credit eligibility market activity, remain uncertain terms of their efficacy. Sources uncertainty include incomplete GHG measurement accounting. We recommend focusing resolving those uncertainties before broadly scaling implementation quantitative emission or sequestration plans. If appropriate, should be supported cobenefits, biodiversity food security.

Language: Английский

Citations

27
A Century of Reforestation Reduced Anthropogenic Warming in the Eastern United States DOI Creative Commons
Mallory L. Barnes, Quan Zhang, Scott M. Robeson

et al.

Earth s Future, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Abstract Restoring and preserving the world's forests are promising natural pathways to mitigate some aspects of climate change. In addition regulating atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, modify surface near‐surface air temperatures through biophysical processes. eastern United States (EUS), widespread reforestation during 20th century coincided with an anomalous lack warming, raising questions about reforestation's contribution local cooling mitigation. Using new cross‐scale approaches multiple independent sources data, we uncovered links between response both temperature in EUS. Ground‐ satellite‐based observations showed that EUS cool land by 1–2°C annually compared nearby grasslands croplands, strongest effect midday growing season, when is 2–5°C. Young (20–40 years) have on temperature. Surface extends air, reducing up 1°C non‐forests. Analyses historical cover trends benefits extend across landscape. Locations surrounded were cooler than neighboring locations did not undergo change, areas dominated regrowing associated much Our work indicates contributed historically slow pace warming EUS, underscoring potential as a adaptation strategy temperate regions.

Language: Английский

Citations

14
We need a solid scientific basis for nature-based climate solutions in the United States DOI Creative Commons
Kimberly A. Novick, Trevor F. Keenan, William R. L. Anderegg

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(14)

Published: March 27, 2024

Structures from the Stone Age can provide unique insights into Late Glacial and Mesolithic cultures around Baltic Sea. Such structures, however, usually did not survive within densely populated Central European subcontinent. Here, we ...The Sea basins, some of which only submerged in mid-Holocene, preserve structures that on land. Yet, discovery these features is challenging requires cross-disciplinary approaches between archeology ...

Language: Английский

Citations

14
AmeriFlux: Its Impact on our understanding of the ‘breathing of the biosphere’, after 25 years DOI Creative Commons
Dennis Baldocchi,

Kim Novick,

Trevor F. Keenan

et al.

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 348, P. 109929 - 109929

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

12
X-BASE: the first terrestrial carbon and water flux products from an extended data-driven scaling framework, FLUXCOM-X DOI Creative Commons
Jacob A. Nelson, Sophia Walther, Fabian Gans

et al.

Published: Feb. 7, 2024

Abstract. Mapping in-situ eddy covariance measurements of terrestrial land-atmosphere fluxes to the globe is a key method for diagnosing Earth system from data-driven perspective. We describe first global products (called X-BASE) newly implemented up-scaling framework, FLUXCOM-X. The X-BASE comprise estimates CO2 net ecosystem exchange (NEE), gross primary productivity (GPP) as well evapotranspiration (ET) and, time, novel fully transpiration product (ETT), at high spatial (0.05°) and temporal (hourly) resolution. NEE -5.75 ± 0.33 Pg C ⋅ yr-1 period 2001–2020, showing much higher consistency with independent atmospheric carbon cycle constraints compared previous versions FLUXCOM. improvement was likely only possible thanks international effort increase precision collection processing pipelines, extension more site-years resulting in wider coverage bio-climatic conditions. However, shows very low inter-annual variability, which common state-of-the-art flux remains scientific challenge. With 125 2.1 same period, GPP slightly than FLUXCOM estimates, mostly temperate boreal areas. amounts 74.7x10³ 0.9x10³ km3 globally years but exceeds precipitation many dry areas indicating overestimation these regions. On average 57 % are estimated be transpiration, good agreement isotope-based approaches, land surface models. Despite considerable improvements products, further opportunities development exist. Pathways exploration include methodological choices selection eddy-covariance satellite observations, their ingestion into configuration machine learning methods. For this, new FLUXCOM-X framework specifically designed have necessary flexibility experiment, diagnose, converge accurate estimates.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Prioritizing Opportunities to Empower Forest Carbon Decisions Through Strategic Investment in Forest Modeling Capacity DOI
Christopher W. Woodall, Holly L. Munro, Jeff W. Atkins

et al.

Journal of Forestry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Forest ecosystems play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle, acting as substantial sinks and offering pathways for climate change mitigation adaptation strategies, including greenhouse gas (GHG) emission offsetting bioeconomic opportunities collectively referred to Natural Climate Solutions (NCS). Over 100 forest modeling experts, primarily from US, were engaged through Carbon Modeling Group (FCMG) identify prioritize research needs, opportunities, knowledge gaps refining application of NCS meet growing spectrum GHG strategies initially focused on US forests with possible applicability other temperate/boreal systems. This engagement informed development framework decision-making, which offers scalable, hierarchical, transdisciplinary approach that can address immediate needs (e.g., regeneration modeling) while advancing critical, long-term scientific advances lateral flux aligns technology model perspectives across users sectors over .

Language: Английский

Citations

1
AmeriFlux BASE data pipeline to support network growth and data sharing DOI Creative Commons
Housen Chu, Danielle Christianson, You-Wei Cheah

et al.

Scientific Data, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Sept. 11, 2023

AmeriFlux is a network of research sites that measure carbon, water, and energy fluxes between ecosystems the atmosphere using eddy covariance technique to study variety Earth science questions. AmeriFlux's diversity ecosystems, instruments, data-processing routines create challenges for data standardization, quality assurance, sharing across network. To address these challenges, Management Project (AMP) designed implemented BASE pipeline. The pipeline begins with uploaded by site teams, followed AMP team's assurance control (QA/QC), ingestion metadata, publication product. semi-automated enables us keep pace rapid growth As 2022, product contains 3,130 years from 444 sites, standardized units variable names more than 60 common variables, representing largest long-term repository flux-met in world. standardized, quality-ensured facilitates multisite comparisons, model evaluations, syntheses.

Language: Английский

Citations

20
Terrestrial carbon dynamics in an era of increasing wildfire DOI
T. W. Hudiburg, Justin M. Mathias, Kristina J. Bartowitz

et al.

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(12), P. 1306 - 1316

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

19