Global beta-diversity of angiosperm trees is shaped by Quaternary climate change

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(14)

Published: April 5, 2023

As Earth's climate has varied strongly through geological time, studying the impacts of past change on biodiversity helps to understand risks from future change. However, it remains unclear how paleoclimate shapes spatial variation in biodiversity. Here, we assessed influence Quaternary dissimilarity taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional composition among neighboring 200-kilometer cells (beta-diversity) for angiosperm trees worldwide. We found that larger glacial-interglacial temperature was associated with lower turnover (species replacements) higher nestedness (richness changes) components beta-diversity across all three facets. Moreover, phylogenetic than random expectations based taxonomic regions experienced large change, reflecting phylogenetically functionally selective processes species replacement, extinction, colonization during oscillations. Our results suggest human-driven could cause local homogenization reduction diversity

Language: Английский

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Towards harmonized standards for freshwater biodiversity monitoring and biological assessment using benthic macroinvertebrates

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 918, P. 170360 - 170360

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

Monitoring programs at sub-national and national scales lack coordination, harmonization, systematic review analysis continental global scales, thus fail to adequately assess evaluate drivers of biodiversity ecosystem degradation loss large spatial scales. Here we the state art, gaps challenges in freshwater assessment for both biological condition (bioassessment) monitoring ecosystems using benthic macroinvertebrate community. To existence nationally- regionally- (sub-nationally-) accepted protocols that are put practice/used each country, conducted a survey from November 2022 May 2023. Responses 110 respondents based 67 countries were received. Although responses varied their consistency, clearly demonstrated being done levels lakes, rivers artificial waterbodies. Programs bioassessment more widespread, some cases even harmonized among several countries. We identified 20 challenges, which classed into five major categories, these (a) field sampling, (b) sample processing identification, (c) metrics indices, (d) assessment, (e) other challenges. Above all, identify harmonization as one most important gaps, hindering efficient collaboration communication. IUCN SSC Global Freshwater Macroinvertebrate Sampling Protocols Task Force (GLOSAM) means address globally-harmonized protocols.

Language: Английский

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Deterministic processes drive turnover-dominated beta diversity of breeding birds along the central Himalayan elevation gradient

Avian Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15, P. 100170 - 100170

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Beta diversity, the variation of community composition among sites, bridges alpha and gamma diversity can reveal mechanisms assembly through applying distance-decay models and/or partitioning beta into turnover nestedness components from functional phylogenetic perspectives. Mountains as most natural experiment system provide good opportunities for exploring patterns underlying ecological processes. Here, we simultaneously consider multiple dimensions to examine spatial variations bird communities, evaluate relative importance niche-based neutral along a 3600-m elevational gradient in central Himalayas, China. Our results showed that species dominates taxonomic, functional, diversity. We observed strongest evidence distance decays taxonomic similarities birds, followed by its analogues. Turnover component was highest while Further, all correlations assemblage similarity with climatic were higher than distances. Standardized values overall their increase increasing distance, standardized decreased distance. highlighted deterministic processes shaping determined roles decreasing trend environmental filtering limiting elevation

Language: Английский

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β‐Diversity Scaling Patterns Across Different Bioregionalisations for a Megadiverse Neotropical Fish Family

Journal of Biogeography, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

ABSTRACT Aim Bioregionalisation frameworks represent unique assemblages of species resulting from geographic isolation and environmental heterogeneity. Understanding how different bioregionalisations capture community compositional variation is crucial, as underlying patterns processes are scale‐dependent. This study aimed to (1) explore the ecological through decomposition beta diversity (turnover nestedness); (2) identify which bioregionalisation framework offers optimal spatial granularity for distinguishing between communities; (3) evaluate effective number compositionally distinct areas. Location Neotropical domain. Taxon Rivulidae—annual species. Methods Presence–absence data fish were analysed using pairwise β‐diversity hierarchical clustering methods (UPGMA) compared with 14 comprehensive frameworks, including terrestrial ecoregions (TEOW), freshwater (FEOW), neotropical provinces watersheds (HydroBasins). Results The revealed that turnover dominant component β‐diversity, surpassing nestedness across all frameworks; increases non‐linearly regionalisation area decreases, a threshold identified beyond further reduction does not significantly increase turnover; achieved at smaller watershed scales (146–414 km 2 ), where maximised bioregions (> 180) identified. Main Conclusions Turnover linked factors such high endemism, low dispersal capacity significant temporary wetlands. scale dependence influenced only by but also design these units, those based on hydrogeomorphological features (HydroBasins) or taxon distribution (FEOW TEOW). Finer more assessing biodiversity endemic taxa in habitats connectivity. These findings can enhance understanding reflect variation, important implications interpreting developing scale‐dependent conservation strategies.

Language: Английский

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Shaping beta diversity in arid landscape through native plant species contributions: synergy of climate, soil, and species traits

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 10, 2025

Understanding how species traits, climate aridity, and soil resources interact to influence beta diversity is critical for predicting changes in plant community composition. This study aims investigate these interactions shape contributions spatial turnover diversity, focusing on the unique dryland ecosystems of Saint Katherine Protectorate (SKP) Egypt. To address this, we analyzed data from 84 vegetation plots, considering direct indirect effects climatic resources, traits (e.g., height, leaf production, specific area), as well relative abundance C3 plants phylogenetic contribution (SCBDeff). Using Generalized Linear Models (GLMs) Structural Equation Modelling (SEMs), results revealed complex aridity SCBDeff mediated by traits. was positively influenced particularly with greater distance, taller plants, high a higher plants. Conversely, area (SLA) had negative effect. Phylogenetic emerged significant driver distantly related contributing more due functional differentiation niche partitioning. The findings emphasize role environmental conditions shaping diversity. These insights can inform conservation strategies aimed at enhancing ecosystem stability under shifting conditions, environments where adaptive play pivotal role.

Language: Английский

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Integrating fossil and extant plant communities to calibrate paleoelevation of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau

Journal of Systematics and Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 63(1), P. 25 - 38

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract The formation of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau has long been debated, despite various proxies used to estimate its paleoelevation. Here, we introduce a novel method calibrate paleoelevation by comparing fossil and extant plant communities in Plateau. Our estimation confirms that uplift plateau was an episodic heterochronous process. Specifically, Lhasa Terrane already elevated 1 km before initial India–Asia collision. During first orogenic stage, Qiangtang rose faster than Terrane, attaining 3 late Eocene. In second underwent rapid uplift, reaching Oligocene. By Middle Miocene, both terranes had achieved elevation 4 km. Himalaya at least 2 after Pliocene. biological knowledge‐based findings contradict previous geological evidence‐based reports, which posited reached 4–5 during We provide new perspective on plateau′s history based evidence, potential reconcile confusion arising from contradictory proxies.

Language: Английский

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Temperature shapes opposing latitudinal gradients of plant taxonomic and phylogenetic β diversity

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 22(7), P. 1126 - 1135

Published: May 7, 2019

Latitudinal and elevational richness gradients have received much attention from ecologists but there is little consensus on underlying causes. One possible proximate cause increased levels of species turnover, or β diversity, in the tropics compared to temperate regions. Here, we leverage a large botanical dataset map taxonomic phylogenetic as mean turnover between neighboring 100 × km cells, across Americas determine key climatic drivers. We find tip-weighted diversity higher tropics, that basal-weighted highest Supporting Janzen's 'mountain passes' hypothesis, tropical mountainous regions had than for metrics. The strongest predictors were average temperature seasonality. Taken together, these results suggest coupled latitudinal major driver plant community composition change.

Language: Английский

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The scale‐dependent effect of environmental filters on species turnover and nestedness in an estuarine benthic community

Ecology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 100(7)

Published: April 1, 2019

Abstract Environmental filtering is a major mechanism structuring ecological communities. However, it still not clear how different abiotic drivers composing the environmental filter interact with each other to determine local species assemblage and create spatial patterns in distribution. Here, we evaluated effects of two strong uncorrelated variables (salinity sediment properties) on β‐diversity an estuarine macrobenthic community while accounting for effects. Our results show that benthic composition has structure along estuary, which can be greatly explained by salinity variation. Salinity most associated replacement (turnover), whereas more important loss (nestedness). variation nestedness are mainly detected at smaller scale (estuarine sectors), turnover stronger as increases (entire estuary). findings suggest filters drive both components β‐diversity, but their relative importance depends investigation. Although detrimental (sediment) usually result nestedness, larger scales encompass suitable conditions (salinity), increasing component β‐diversity.

Language: Английский

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Differently dispersing organism groups show contrasting beta diversity patterns in a dammed subtropical river basin

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 691, P. 1271 - 1281

Published: July 16, 2019

Language: Английский

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Turnover and nestedness in subtropical dung beetle assemblages along an elevational gradient

Diversity and Distributions, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 24(9), P. 1277 - 1290

Published: April 20, 2018

Abstract Aim We investigated changes in dung beetle β‐diversity components along a subtropical elevational gradient, to test whether turnover or nestedness‐related processes drive the dissimilarity of assemblages at spatial and temporal scales. Location An gradient (200–1,600 m a.s.l.) Atlantic Forest southern Brazil. Methods extent which varied (six elevations) both (among sites different (different months same site) compared species genera using multiple‐site multiple‐month measures tested these measurements were from random expectations. Results A mid‐elevation peak richness was observed, lowest occurred highest elevations. found two groups species, lowland highland with mixing intermediate The component significantly higher for (i.e. elevational) composition. However, when data by site considered, value decreased relative importance. Nestedness‐related are more important patterns elevation sites. Main conclusions Spatial is most gradient. High‐elevation not subsets that inhabit lower elevations, but this relationship ceases measured generic level. Environmental across elevations may be cause differential establishment distinctive typically belong taxonomic rank. Conservation strategies should consider gradients case‐specific scenarios as they contain distinct lowlands vs. highlands.

Language: Английский

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