Cassava as raw material for sustainable bioeconomy development

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 57 - 73

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Challenges for sustainable maize production of smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa

Journal of Cereal Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 101, P. 103274 - 103274

Published: July 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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“Breaking through the 40% adoption ceiling: Mind the seed system gaps.” A perspective on seed systems research for development in One CGIAR

Outlook on Agriculture, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 50(1), P. 5 - 12

Published: Jan. 28, 2021

Seed systems research is central to achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Improved varieties with promise for ending hunger, improving nutrition, and increasing livelihood security may be released, but how do they reach benefit different types of farmers? Without widespread adoption genetic gains achieved improved crop can never actualized. Progress has been made toward demand responsive breeding, however draft CGIAR 2030 Research Innovation Strategy fails recognize complexity seed thus presents a narrow vision future research. This points lack evidence-based dialogue between researchers breeders. perspective paper findings from an interdisciplinary group more than 50 scientists who used suite tools identify four knowledge gaps associated insights work on vegetatively propagated crops (VPCs), focusing bananas (especially cooking plantains), cassava, potato, sweetpotato, yam. We discuss implications thinking about intervening in using combined biophysical socioeconomic this contribute increased varietal benefits farmers. The merit wider use, not only VPCs, facing similar challenges. argue deeper collaboration researchers, breeders national system stakeholders address these other generate evidence innovations needed break through 40% ceiling modern varieties, ensure good quality once new have adopted. this, achievements remain stuck delivery pipeline.

Language: Английский

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The tricot approach: an agile framework for decentralized on-farm testing supported by citizen science. A retrospective

Agronomy for Sustainable Development, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(1)

Published: Jan. 25, 2024

Matching crop varieties to their target use context and user preferences is a challenge faced by many plant breeding programs serving smallholder agriculture. Numerous participatory approaches proposed CGIAR other research teams over the last four decades have attempted capture farmers' priorities/preferences variety field performance in representative growing environments through experimental trials with higher external validity. Yet none overcome challenges of scalability, data validity reliability, difficulties capturing socio-economic environmental heterogeneity. Building on strengths these attempts, we developed new data-generation approach, called triadic comparison technology options (tricot). Tricot decentralized approach supported crowdsourced citizen science. In this article, review development, validation, evolution tricot our own results reviewing literature which been successfully applied. The first indicated that tricot-aggregated farmer-led assessments contained information adequate reliability could be achieved large sample. Costs were lower than current approaches. Scaling into on-farm testing network registered specific climatic effects environments. Tricot's recent application networks relation decision-making has (i) advanced lines recognizing heterogeneity, (ii) identified consumers' market demands, generating alternative design priorities. We lessons learned from applications enabled scaling effort, should lead stronger improvement increased improved

Language: Английский

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In pursuit of a better world: crop improvement and the CGIAR

Journal of Experimental Botany, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 72(14), P. 5158 - 5179

Published: May 20, 2021

The CGIAR crop improvement (CI) programs, unlike commercial CI which are mainly geared to profit though meeting farmers' needs, charged with multiple objectives target populations that include both farmers and the community at large. We compiled opinions from >30 experts in private public sector on key strategies, methodologies, activities could help meet challenges of providing improved varieties while simultaneously goals of: (i) nutrition, health, food security; (ii) poverty reduction, livelihoods, jobs; (iii) gender equality, youth, inclusion; (iv) climate adaptation mitigation; (v) environmental health biodiversity. review processes starting choice, moving through breeding objectives, production potential new varieties, selection, finally adoption by farmers. importance multidisciplinary teams working towards common is stressed as a factor success. role distinct disciplines, actors, their interactions throughout process choice discussed illustrated.

Language: Английский

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The pangenome of banana highlights differences between genera and genomes

The Plant Genome, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: July 5, 2021

Banana (Musaceae family) has a complex genetic history and includes genus Musa with variety of cultivated clones edible fruits, Ensete species that are grown for their corm, monospecific Musella whose generic status been questioned. The most commonly exported banana cultivars belong to Cavendish, subgroup triploid cultivars, which is under threat by fungal pathogens, though there also related M. balbisiana Colla (B genome), textilis Née (T schizocarpa N. W. Simmonds (S along hybrids these genomes, potentially host genes agronomic interest. Here we present the first cross-genus pangenome banana, contains representatives genera. Clusters based on gene presence-absence variation (PAV) clearly separate Ensete, while split further species. These results study across boundaries identifies differentiate between Musaceae species, information may support breeding programs in crops.

Language: Английский

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Breeding Progress for Vitamin A, Iron and Zinc Biofortification, Drought Tolerance, and Sweetpotato Virus Disease Resistance in Sweetpotato

Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 5

Published: March 15, 2021

Sweetpotato is a resilient food crop with great potential to contribute reduced hunger in the world. shows significant reducing Global Hunger Index, which reflects deficiencies calories and micronutrients based on components of hunger, undernourishment, under-five mortality rate, stunting wasting. Its genetic diversity has been harnessed through breeding increase vitamin A, iron, zinc content, virus resistance climate resilience for world's needs. Africa India are most food-insecure regions. The main objectives this research were to: provide information knowledge base sweetpotato biofortification zinc, drought tolerance resistance; recommend procedures generating new populations varieties; develop tools, technologies methods improvement. was implemented between 2009 2020 14 collaborating African countries using introduced local genotypes. redesigned accelerated scheme resulted increased gains contents resistance, release by sub-Saharan 158 98 them orange-fleshed; 55 varieties bred an scheme; 27 drought-tolerant two enhanced iron content. Our experience demonstrated that use more optimized, standardized collaborative programs across Africa, it possible speed official variety severe micronutrient continent.

Language: Английский

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Understanding cassava varietal preferences through pairwise ranking of gari‐eba and fufu prepared by local farmer–processors

International Journal of Food Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 56(3), P. 1258 - 1277

Published: Oct. 22, 2020

Abstract Within communities in Osun and Imo States of Nigeria, farmer–processors grew processed a diverse set improved landrace cassava varieties into the locally popular foods, gari , eba fufu . Local 15 main were grown ‘mother baby trials’ design each state. Mother trials with three replications by renown their community for processing skills. Baby managed other farmer–processors. The objective was to identify food quality criteria inform demand‐led breeding benefit users, especially women, given key roles processing. Farmer–processors evaluated overall fresh roots derived products through pairwise comparisons. Improved had higher dry root yield. Overall, landraces ranked first eba, but several also appreciated good quality. Landraces yield swelling power compared varieties. Colour (browning), bulk density, power, solubility water absorption capacity most related product ranking Evaluation under farmer–processors’ conditions is crucial providing guidance breeders on critical selection criteria.

Language: Английский

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Integrating end‐user preferences into breeding programmes for roots, tubers and bananas

International Journal of Food Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 56(3), P. 1071 - 1075

Published: March 1, 2021

Summary “ Consumers have their say: assessing preferred quality traits of roots, tubers and cooking bananas, implications for breeding ” special issue, brings together new knowledge about required bananas (RTB) varieties to successfully meet diverse user preferences expectations, along the variety development RTB value chains (production, processing, marketing, food preparation, consumption). Key crops in sub‐Saharan Africa are cassava, yams, sweetpotatoes, potatoes bananas/plantains. They mainly consumed directly as boiled pieces or pounded form smooth, not sticky, stretchable dough. also stewed, steamed fried. Cassava, most widely grown RTB, is generally boiled, stewed Eastern Southern Africa, West Central usually processed into derivative products, e.g. whole root fermentation through retting heap fermentation; fermentation/dewatering mash. Biophysical social presented this issue help elaborate goals both processing unit operations (food scientist control) (breeder control).

Language: Английский

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Fifty years of a public cassava breeding program: evolution of breeding objectives, methods, and decision-making processes

Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 134(8), P. 2335 - 2353

Published: June 4, 2021

Abstract This paper reviews and analyzes key features from cassava breeding at the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) over 50 years draws lessons public efforts broadly. The team, jointly with national program partners private processing sector, defined objectives guiding business plans. These have evolved through decades currently focus on four global product profiles. recurrent selection method also included innovations such as estimation of phenotypic values, increasing number locations in first stage agronomic evaluations, gradual reduction duration cycles (including rapid cycling high-heritability traits), development protocols induction flowering, introduction genome-wide predictions. impact depends significantly type target markets. When roots are used large facilities starch, animal feeding or ethanol production (such SE Asia), adoption improved varieties is nearly universal productivity regional scale increases significantly. markets relevant infrastructure weak considerable proportion goes local artisanal on-farm consumption, has been lower. potential novel tools needs to be properly assessed most effective allocation resources. Finally, a brief summary challenges opportunities future presented. describes multiple ways that sector programs can learn each other optimize success.

Language: Английский

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