Modelling uncertainty in the relative risk of exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus by airborne aerosol transmission in well mixed indoor air

Building and Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 191, P. 107617 - 107617

Published: Jan. 19, 2021

Language: Английский

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Long-term evaluation of a low-cost air sensor network for monitoring indoor and outdoor air quality at the community scale

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 807, P. 150797 - 150797

Published: Oct. 7, 2021

Given the growing interest in community air quality monitoring using low-cost sensors, 30 PurpleAir II sensors (12 outdoor and 18 indoor) were deployed partnership with members living adjacent to a major interstate freeway from December 2017- June 2019. Established assurance/quality control techniques for data processing used sensor was evaluated by calculating completeness summarizing PM2.5 measurements. To evaluate performance, correlation coefficients (r) of divergence (CoD) assess temporal spatial variability between sensors. concentrations also compared traffic levels sensors' ability detect pollution. indoor indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratios during resident-reported activities calculated compared, linear mixed-effects regression model developed quantify impacts ambient quality, microclimatic factors, human on PM2.5. In general, performed more reliably than (completeness: 73% versus 54%). All highly temporally correlated (r > 0.98) spatially homogeneous (CoD<0.06). The observed I/O consistent existing literature, explains >85% variation levels, indicating that detected various sources. Overall, this study finds community-maintained can effectively monitor PM2.5, main concerns resulting incompleteness.

Language: Английский

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The impact of poor housing and indoor air quality on respiratory health in children

Breathe, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(2), P. 230058 - 230058

Published: June 1, 2023

It is becoming increasingly apparent that poor housing quality affects indoor air quality, significantly impacting on respiratory health in children and young people. Exposure to damp and/or mould the home, cold homes presence of pests pollutants all have a significant detrimental impact child health. There complex relationship between features poor-quality housing, such as being state disrepair, ventilation, overcrowding cold, favour an environment resulting quality. Children living rented (private or public) are more likely come from lower-income backgrounds most at risk substandard posing serious threat right safe adequate research has shown either rehousing making modifications improve results improved Urgent action needed address this All stakeholders should understand act, working with families, redress modifiable factor. Educational aims The reader how affect children. which housing. what policy recommendations been made actions need be undertaken

Language: Английский

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What is NExT? A new conceptual model for comfort, satisfaction, health, and well-being in buildings

Building and Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 252, P. 111234 - 111234

Published: Jan. 24, 2024

Language: Английский

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The INGENIOUS Project: Towards understanding air pollution in homes

Environmental Science Processes & Impacts, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

This paper provides an overview of the INGENIOUS (UnderstandING sourcEs, traNsformations and fates IndOor air pollUtantS) project, aiming to better understand pollution in homes. Although our homes are microenvironment which we spend most time, know relatively little about sources, transformation processes indoor pollutants, or exposure them. aims address this knowledge gap by delivering: emissions inventory for UK homes; comprehensive pollutant measurements 310 Bradford using a combination low cost-sensors more advanced quality instrumentation; analysis impact on outdoor vice versa mobile measurements; insight into future detailed models; identification pollutants that warrant further toxicological study; understanding barriers facilitators behaviour drives improved quality. Median daily PM2.5 CO2 concentrations varied from 7.8 μg m-3 666 ppm summer, 16.4 857 winter respectively sampled Peak above 150 were frequently observed across all seasons, driven cooking. Cooking activities also generated high volatile organic compounds during measurements, such as harmful aldehydes (up ∼50 ppb), alcohols ∼600 ppb) chicken stir-fry. Our displayed wide variation concentrations, with strong link behaviour, including frequency type cooking activities, use ventilation.

Language: Английский

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Cooking methods and kitchen ventilation availability, usage, perceived performance and potential in Canadian homes

Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(3), P. 439 - 447

Published: April 15, 2023

Abstract Background Cooking is a substantial contributor to air pollutant exposures in many residences. Effective use of kitchen ventilation can mitigate exposure; however, information on its availability, usage, and potential increase across the population has been limited. Objective This study aimed obtain nationally representative cooking methods, availability for education effective usage. Methods An online survey was sent sample Canadian homes collect data presence mechanical devices, perceived device performance, willingness implement mitigation strategies. Responses were weighted match key demographic factors analyzed using non-parametric statistics. Results Among 4500 respondents, 90% had devices over cooktop (66% which vented outside), 30% reported regularly their devices. Devices used most often deep-frying, followed by stir-frying, sautéing or pan-frying, indoor grilling, boiling steaming. Almost half rarely never during baking oven self-cleaning. Only 10% fully satisfied with More frequent associated being outdoors, having more than two speed settings, quiet operation if only one speed, covering cooktop, higher effectiveness. After informed benefits ventilation, 64% indicated they would consider often, preferentially back burners and/or settings when needed. Impact provides population-representative influencing homes. Such are needed exposure assessments evaluating cooking-related via ventilation. The be reasonably extrapolated United States, given similarities residential construction practices cultural norms between countries.

Language: Английский

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Indoor PM from residential coal combustion: Levels, chemical composition, and toxicity

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 918, P. 170598 - 170598

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Language: Английский

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Assessing the Effect of Reactive Oxygen Species and Volatile Organic Compound Profiles Coming from Certain Types of Chinese Cooking on the Toxicity of Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 54(14), P. 8868 - 8877

Published: June 9, 2020

The International Agency of Research on Cancer identifies high-temperature frying, which features prominently in Chinese cooking, as producing group 2A carcinogens. This study simultaneously characterized particulate and gaseous-phase cooking emissions, monitored their reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentrations, evaluated impact genetic damage expression exposed human bronchial epithelial cells. Five types edible oil, three kinds seasonings, two dishes were assessed. Among tested oils, heating soybean oil released the largest particle number concentration (2.09 × 1013 particles/(g material oil)·h) volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions (12103.42 μg/(g oil)·h). Heating lard produced greatest mass (0.75 mg/(g main finding was that sunflower rapeseed oils highest ROS concentrations (80.48 71.75 nmol/(g oil)·h, respectively). formation most likely occurred during autoxidation both polyunsaturated monounsaturated fatty acids. all parameters, only exhibited consistency with cell viability showed significant correlations levels CYP1A1, HIF-1a, especially IL-8 (the marker for oxidative stress within cell). These findings indicate is potentially a suitable metric direct assessment exposure potential toxicity.

Language: Английский

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Effect of indoor and outdoor sources on indoor particle concentrations in South Korean residential buildings

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 416, P. 125852 - 125852

Published: April 9, 2021

Language: Английский

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Healthy home interventions: Distribution of PM2.5 emitted during cooking in residential settings

Building and Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 207, P. 108448 - 108448

Published: Oct. 18, 2021

The current study investigated the emission, distribution, and removal of cooking-emitted particles in simulated residential module Well Living Lab. Cooking experiments were conducted following a standardized protocol under different interventions. consisted frying bacon that emitted 2.35 × 103 (2.22 103) μg/min PM2.5. Interventions studied included: Ventilation; combination Ventilation Stove Hood; Portable Air Cleaners; Flush; Flush, Hood, Bathroom Exhaust. impact door configuration was also assessed. Particulate Matter (PM2.5) CO2 sensors distributed all spaces. A method based on traced decay used to characterize airflow. Particle rate integrated PM2.5 concentration compare capability interventions removing reducing particle exposure. Hood Exhaust showed best performance particles. Removal Rate most effectively removed by Cleaners. Flush not very effective even with 2.5 times increase supply flow (4 h−1 module). Closing bedroom and/or bathroom doors changed distribution increased kitchen living room.

Language: Английский

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