Evaluation of Salivary Parameters and Oral Health Status in Periodontally Healthy Subjects and Chronic Periodontitis Subjects

Advances in Human Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 203 - 209

Published: May 20, 2024

Introduction: Periodontal disease is a chronic of the oral cavity that consists group inflammatory disorders affecting supporting structures dentition. Saliva can be used to predict early onset periodontitis. Several investigations have been carried out evaluate salivary chemical compounds lead destruction and/or protection periodontal tissues. The present study aimed assess and compare parameters health status in periodontally healthy generalised periodontitis patients. Materials Methods: This an vivo designed (albumin, urea, total proteins, amylase, glucose pH) unstimulated saliva subjects ( n = 65) 65). Human whole was collected by spitting method with subject seated upright position after refraining from intake for 2 h before collection. Approximately 5 mL stored graduated saliva-collecting vials refrigerated at 4°C 1 h. samples were centrifuged 2800 rpm 10 min, supernatant separated substrate 20°C. Next, sample defrosted room temperature 3000 rpm. again determine concentrations glucose, protein albumin using respective kits analysed automated analyser. Salivary pH estimated electrometrically help meter. Results: A significant association found between (amylase proteins) clinical (plaque index [PI], gingival index) [GI], probing depth calculus when compared subjects. Conclusion: increase (amylase, proteins albumin) statistically except urea (statistically non-significant) As (probing depth, loss attachment, PI, GI, decay missing filled teeth) increased, also suggesting linear relationship (total amylase).

Language: Английский

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Meteorin-like levels of oral fluids in periodontal health and diseases: a comparative cross-sectional study

Clinical Oral Investigations, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 29(2)

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Cytokines are critical role in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. Meteorin-like (Metrnl), a protein released oral mucosa, is novel cytokine associated with various inflammatory This study aimed to evaluate levels salivary and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), interleukin - 1 beta (IL-1β), 10 (IL-10), Metrnl disease. It was formed three groups 20 individuals each: healthy, gingivitis, periodontitis (Stage III, Grades A B) groups. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method measured IL-1β, IL-10, GCF samples. Clinical measurement including probing pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), plaque index (PI), (GI) percentage bleeding on (%BOP); biochemical parameters were evaluated using statistical analysis. Salivary concentrations total amount IL-1β significantly higher disease (p < 0.001). There no significant difference among either or IL-10 > 0.05). lower group = 0.002). had negative correlations %BOP, PD, CAL 0.03). receiver operating characteristics curve showed: area under (AUC) 0.731 for discriminate from health gingivitis. Based findings this study, Metrnl, as an immunoregulatory cytokine, may have important relationship periodontitis. Additional studies needed fully elucidate functional effect Background In knock-out experimental studies, it has been reported that acts inflammation-related cytokine. relating diseases support idea play variety Although abundantly secreted authors' knowledge there evaluating gingivitis periodontitis, fluids, such saliva, examined presence different can be useful distinguishing destruction health.

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of annexin A1, carbonic anhydrase 1, and elongation factor 1-gamma levels in periodontal diseases

BMC Oral Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: May 2, 2025

Periodontitis arises from dysbiotic subgingival microbiota and an unresolved inflammatory response. Annexin A1 (ANXA1), Carbonic Anhydrase I (CA1), Elongation Factor 1-gamma (EF1-Ɣ) may play a role in periodontal inflammation disease pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the levels of these molecules gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) individuals with different conditions. GCF samples were collected 20 patients Stage III Grade B periodontitis, C 19 gingivitis patients, 21 periodontally healthy individuals. ANXA1, CA1, EF1-Ɣ measured using ELISA. Clinical parameters significantly higher periodontitis groups compared (p < 0.001). total amount differed among groups, control Elevated found III/B III/C ANXA1 CA1 similar across > 0.05). Within limitations this study, it might be suggested that decreased diseased sites its elevated are associated pathogenesis disease.

Language: Английский

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Characterisation of the periodontal proteome in gingival crevicular fluid and saliva using SWATH-MS

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: May 2, 2025

Introduction Proteomic techniques are useful to analyse the periodontal proteome in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva. However, few investigations have assessed compared GCF salivary proteomes. Therefore, this research aims structure compare protein expression these fluids between individuals with health those periodontitis. Methods saliva were collected from 44 periodontally healthy subjects 41 periodontitis (stages III-IV). Samples analysed using sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra (SWATH-MS), proteins identified employing UniProt database. The was principal component analysis (PCA). Differential defined as an adjusted p-value &lt;0.05 combined a fold-change ≥2 (upregulated) or ≤0.5 (downregulated). Results 250 abundant quantified 377 (238 common). different both oral fluids. In GCF, 63 (25.2%) differentially expressed, 38 upregulated 25 downregulated most overexpressed haemoglobin subunits (Hbs) beta (fold-change 5.06) alpha (4.35), carbonic anhydrase 1 (4.28), S100-P (4.27). Among underexpressed proteins, 14 keratins, type II cytoskeletal 6B being (0.10), together glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (0.12) zymogen granule 16 homolog B (0.13). saliva, 59 (15.7%) 55 four Twenty-nine showed ≥4, highlighting beta-2-microglobulin (44.14), keratin, I 13 (36.23), neutrophil defensin (25.08), S100-A9 (12.30), A8 (10.61), A12 (4.76), P (4.72), annexin A1 (9.34), lysozyme C (4.98), immunoglobulin heavy constant (4.45), resistin (4.37), Hbs (4.20) (4.06). lipocalin-1 (0.35). Fourteen expressed where seven keratins but Conclusion Periodontitis alters numerous vary qualitatively quantitatively, indicating patterns

Language: Английский

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Biomarkers in Saliva to Assess the State of Periodontal Disease

IntechOpen eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 22, 2025

Periodontal disease is a multifactorial infectious and immunoinflammatory condition that affects the tissues surrounding teeth, potentially leading to irreversible damage tooth loss. Early detection diagnosis are crucial preventing its progression associated systemic health risks. Traditional clinical diagnostic methods, such as probing depth radiographic assessments, have limitations in detecting early-stage disease. Consequently, molecular biomarkers found saliva emerged promising tools for early monitoring of periodontal These include inflammatory mediators, enzymes, bone remodeling markers, microbial metabolites, providing valuable insights into status progression. Advances omics technologies, including proteomics genomics, further enhanced identification potential biomarkers, paving way precision medicine periodontology. This chapter reviews role specific salivary assessment, highlighting their potential, applications, future research directions field.

Language: Английский

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Salivary macrophage activation‐related chemokines and mitogen‐activated kinase kinase‐degrading proteolytic activity in type 1 diabetes mellitus

Journal of Periodontology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 94(7), P. 896 - 904

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Abstract Background This cross‐sectional study aimed to evaluate salivary concentrations of macrophage activation‐related chemokines and mitogen‐activated kinase (MAPKK)‐degrading proteolytic activity in children adolescents with without type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Methods A total 122 (65 T1DM patients, 50.8% female, mean age:10.9 years; 57 systemically healthy controls, 36.8% age: 9.5 years) were included the study. Salivary interferon gamma inducible protein‐10 (IP‐10), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)‐1, MCP‐2, MCP‐3, MCP‐4, macrophage‐derived chemokine (MDC), migration inhibitory factor (MIF), monokine induced by (MIG), inflammatory protein‐1 alpha (MIP‐1α) quantified using a bead‐based technique. MAPKK‐degrading was detected fluorescent peptide substrates. Results The group had higher plaque index (PI%, p = 0.032) bleeding on probing (BOP%, 0.045) scores, lower decayed, missing, filled teeth (dmft/DMFT, 0.002) scores compared controls. Compared MCP‐1 ( 0.007), MCP‐3 < 0.001), MIG MIP‐1α 0.033) elevated whereas MCP‐4 decreased 0.001) group. After adjusting for age, PI%, BOP%, dmft/DMFT significant differences 0.017) observed between groups. Moreover, protease activities directed cleavage sites MEK23‐18 MKK6b7‐22 MKK451‐66 0.005), MKK7b37‐52 0.034), MKK7b69‐84 0.009) Conclusion disrupts profile dysregulates MAPKK cleavage. These findings can be an outcome impaired systemic immune response T1DM.

Language: Английский

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Accuracy of aMMP ‐8 point‐of‐care test in indicating periodontal treatment outcomes in stage III / IV periodontitis: A 24‐week follow‐up study

Journal of Periodontal Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 58(2), P. 325 - 335

Published: Jan. 8, 2023

To analyse the correspondence between aMMP-8 PoC test results and clinical endpoints of non-surgical periodontal treatment in stage III/IV periodontitis.The diagnostic success active-matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) point-of-care (PoC) has been demonstrated various studies, but evidence its accuracy following is limited.Altogether 42 grade C periodontitis patients were included this prospective study. Clinical indices recorded, was applied mouthrinse collected before at 6, 12 24 weeks after treatment. Quantitative levels determined with immunofluorometric assay (IFMA) for verification results. The assessed using previously established as references.Sensitivity specificity to indicate ranged follows: Sensitivity 71.4% baseline, 39.3%-42.4% week 28.6%-32.4% 35.3%-42.9% 24; 64.3%-80% 40%-57.1% 56%-64.3% 24.The identifying reduced relation baseline. Individual healing patterns each diseased pocket eventually limit dichotomous oral rinse during post-treatment period.

Language: Английский

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Tissue Levels of CD80, CD163 and CD206 and Their Ratios in Periodontal and Peri-Implant Health and Disease

Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 44(10), P. 4704 - 4713

Published: Oct. 10, 2022

This study aimed to compare tissue levels of CD80 (pro-inflammatory macrophage-related surface marker), CD163, and CD206 (anti-inflammatory markers), their ratios in periodontal peri-implant health disease. Altogether, 36 samples were obtained from participants with clinically healthy gingiva (n = 10), mucosa 8), periodontitis lesions 9), peri-implantitis 9). CD80, assessed immunoblotting. CD163 found be decreased (p 0.004), the CD80/CD163 ratio was elevated 0.002) compared gingiva. Peri-implantitis showed a tendency towards higher than borderline difference 0.054). No statistically significant detected when peri-implantitis, mucosa. A disruption balance seems related pathogenesis being less prominent latter. The reason behind this phenomenon may either suppressed expression or reduced CD163+ anti-inflammatory macrophage abundance.

Language: Английский

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Salivary Th17 cytokine, human β-defensin 1–3, and salivary scavenger and agglutinin levels in Crohn’s disease

Clinical Oral Investigations, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 28(1)

Published: Jan. 22, 2024

Abstract Objectives Crohn’s disease patients, who are prone to develop periodontal diseases, may carry genetic defects in their Th17 cytokine, human beta-defensin (hBD) 1–3, and salivary scavenger agglutinin (SALSA) expressions. Biochemical composition of saliva reflects the oral consequences systemic immune response modifications. Our aim was evaluate epithelial hBD SALSA levels relation disease. Materials methods This cross-sectional study included 42 patients 34 systemically healthy controls. Periodontal dental indexes were measured, stimulated samples collected. Salivary cytokine analyzed by multiplex technique, 1–3 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results There 19 gingivitis 11 initial periodontitis group, 15 4 control group. In comparison controls, higher observed patients. No statistical difference between groups terms levels. Based on regression analysis, there is no independent association Conclusions does not relate antimicrobial or While have an profile still missing. Clinical relevance Diminished disease, which might be related susceptibility, can also visualized saliva.

Language: Английский

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Diagnostic Accuracy of Novel Protein Biomarkers in Saliva to Detect Periodontitis Using Untargeted ‘SWATH’ Mass Spectrometry

Journal Of Clinical Periodontology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 27, 2024

ABSTRACT Aim To discover new salivary biomarkers to diagnose periodontitis and evaluate the impact of age smoking on predictive capacity. Material Methods Saliva samples were collected from 44 healthy periodontal individuals 41 with periodontitis. Samples analysed by sequential window acquisition all theoretical mass spectra (SWATH‐MS), proteins identified employing UniProt database. The diagnostic capacity molecules was determined generalized additive models. models obtained single‐protein unadjusted adjusted for status, besides two‐protein combinations. Results Eight single had a bias‐corrected accuracy (bc‐ACC) 78.8%–86.8% (bc‐sensitivity/bc‐specificity 62.5%–86.9%/60.9%–98.1%) Predictive increased more adjusting (bc‐ACC: 94.1%–98.2%; bc‐sensitivity/bc‐specificity: 90.2%–98.6%/93.6%–97.2%) than 83.9%–90.4%; 73.6%–89.9%/76.2%–96.4%). These keratin, type II cytoskeletal 1, protein S100‐A8, β‐2‐microglobulin, neutrophil defensin lysozyme C, ubiquitin‐60S ribosomal L40, isoform 2 tropomyosin α‐3 chain resistin. Two dual combinations showed bc‐sensitivity/bc‐specificity > 90%: β‐2‐microglobulin profilin‐1, C zymogen granule 16 homologue B. Conclusions New show good or excellent ability Age has significant influence smoking, results comparable

Language: Английский

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