Melatonin as a master regulator of cell death and inflammation: molecular mechanisms and clinical implications for newborn care

Cell Death and Disease, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(4)

Published: April 8, 2019

Melatonin, more commonly known as the sleep hormone, is mainly secreted by pineal gland in dark conditions and regulates circadian rhythm of organism. Its intrinsic properties, including high cell permeability, ability to easily cross both blood-brain placenta barriers, its role an endogenous reservoir free radical scavengers (with indirect extra activities), confer it beneficial uses adjuvant biomedical field. Melatonin can exert effects acting through specific cellular receptors on plasma membrane, similar other hormones, or receptor-independent mechanisms that involve complex molecular talk with players. There increasing evidence regarding extraordinary melatonin, also via exogenous administration. Here, we summarize pathways which melatonin considered a master regulator, attention death inflammation from basic, translational clinical points view context newborn care.

Language: Английский

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Melatonin and Its Protective Role against Biotic Stress Impacts on Plants

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 54 - 54

Published: Dec. 28, 2019

Biotic stress causes immense damage to agricultural products worldwide and raises the risk of hunger in many areas. Plants themselves tolerate biotic stresses via several pathways, including pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which trigger immunity plant resistance (R) proteins. On other hand, humans use non-ecofriendly methods control stresses, such as chemical applications. Compared with control, melatonin is an ecofriendly compound that economical alternative strategy can be used protect animals plants from attacks pathogens. In plants, bactericidal capacity was verified against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, well multidrug-resistant Gram-negative -positive bacteria under vitro conditions. Regarding plant-bacteria interaction, has presented effective antibacterial activities phytobacterial plant-fungi interaction models, found play a key role Botrytis cinerea, increase fungicide susceptibility, reduce tolerance Phytophthora infestans. plant-virus not only efficiently eradicated apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) shoots (making it useful for production virus-free plants) but also reduced tobacco mosaic (TMV) viral RNA concentration infected Nicotiana glutinosa Solanum lycopersicum seedlings. Indeed, unique advantages growth regulation increasing effectiveness different forms abiotic stress. Although considerable work been done regarding its remains unclear requires clarification. our review, we summarize accomplished so far; highlight melatonin's function pathogens bacteria, viruses, fungi; determine direction required future studies on this topic.

Language: Английский

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Emerging roles of melatonin in mitigating abiotic and biotic stresses of horticultural crops

Scientia Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 272, P. 109592 - 109592

Published: July 9, 2020

Language: Английский

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Inflammaging: Implications in Sarcopenia

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(23), P. 15039 - 15039

Published: Nov. 30, 2022

In a world in which life expectancy is increasing, understanding and promoting healthy aging becomes contemporary demand. the elderly, sterile, chronic low-grade systemic inflammation known as “inflammaging” linked with many age-associated diseases. Considering sarcopenia loss of strength mass skeletal muscle related to aging, correlations between these two terms have been proposed. Better knowledge immune system players would help elucidate their implications sarcopenia. Characterizing activators damage sensors downstream effectors explains inference performance. Sarcopenia has also diseases such diabetes, metabolic syndrome obesity. Implications inflammatory signals from negatively affect muscle. Autophagic mechanisms are closely inflammasome, autophagy eliminates stress signaling sent by organelles, but acts an immunomodulatory function affecting cells cytokine release. The use melatonin, antioxidant, ROS scavenger modulator, or senotherapeutic compounds targeting senescent could represent strategies counteract inflammation. This review aims present factors regulating inflammaging major order understand molecular involved

Language: Английский

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Melatonin Function and Crosstalk with Other Phytohormones under Normal and Stressful Conditions

Genes, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 1699 - 1699

Published: Sept. 22, 2022

Melatonin was discovered in plants the late nineties, but its role, signaling, and crosstalk with other phytohormones remain unknown. Research on melatonin has risen dramatically recent years role of this putative plant hormone under biotic abiotic stress conditions been reported. In present review, we discuss main functions growth development plants, stresses, such as water (waterlogging drought), extreme temperature (low high), salinity, heavy metal, light-induced stress. Similarly, also stresses (antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal effects). Moreover, review meticulously discusses auxins, gibberellic acids, cytokinins, ethylene, salicylic acid normal stressful reports receptors signaling plants. All these aspects suggest that phytomelatonin is a key player crop improvement regulation.

Language: Английский

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Melatonin-priming enhances maize seedling drought tolerance by regulating the antioxidant defense system

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 191(4), P. 2301 - 2315

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

Abstract Drought stress (DS) challenges sustainable agriculture production by limiting crop growth and development. The objective of the study was to evaluate effect melatonin-priming on enzymatic non-enzymatic antioxidant defense mechanisms its relation with leaf ultrastructure stomatal traits in maize (Zea mays L) seedlings under DS (PEG-6000). drastically decreased seed germination, plant growth, chlorophyll content due excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Melatonin-priming significantly (P < 0.05) increased root length, shoot fresh seedling weight, proline content, total soluble protein sugar aperture size 101%, 30%, 133%, 51%, 22%, 59%, 54%, 20%, 424%, compared no priming (NP) DS, respectively. Similarly, improved reduced amount loss oxidative damage seedlings. Melatonin 500 µM melatonin (M2) greatly superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), glutathione, ascorbate (AsA) activity, 65%, 63%, 94%, 41%, 55% NP 0.26%, 8%, 33%, 42%, 15% no-stress (NS), also malondialdehyde electrolyte leakage, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) anion (O2−) 26%, 31%, 33% 18%, 10%, 11% NS, In response stabilized chloroplast structure, sustained cell expansion, protected walls, traits, including number, width. Our results suggest that improves drought tolerance alleviating negative ROS.

Language: Английский

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Melatonin: Another avenue for treating osteoporosis?

Journal of Pineal Research, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 66(2)

Published: Dec. 31, 2018

Abstract Melatonin is a signal molecule that modulates the biological circadian rhythms of vertebrates. deficiency thought to be associated with several disorders, including insomnia, cancer, and cardiovascular neurodegenerative diseases. Accumulating evidence has also indicated melatonin may involved in homeostasis bone metabolism. Age‐related reductions are considered critical factors loss osteoporosis aging. Thus, serum levels might serve as biomarker for early detection prevention osteoporosis. Compared conventional antiosteoporosis medicines, which primarily inhibit loss, both suppresses promotes new formation. Mechanistically, by activating receptor 2 (MT2), upregulates gene expression alkaline phosphatase (ALP), morphogenetic protein (BMP2), BMP6, osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin promote osteogenesis while inhibiting activator NF‐kB ligand (RANKL) pathway suppress osteolysis. In view distinct actions on metabolism, we hypothesize novel remedy clinical treatment

Language: Английский

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Pathological Roles of Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dynamics in Cardiac Microvascular Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 85 - 85

Published: Jan. 5, 2020

Mitochondria are key regulators of cell fate through controlling ATP generation and releasing pro-apoptotic factors. Cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury to the coronary microcirculation has manifestations ranging in severity from reversible edema interstitial hemorrhage. A number mechanisms have been proposed explain cardiac microvascular I/R including edema, impaired vasomotion, microembolization, capillary destruction. In contrast their role types with higher energy demands, mitochondria endothelial cells primarily function signaling cellular responses environmental cues. It is clear that abnormal mitochondrial signatures, oxidative stress, fission, fusion, mitophagy, play a substantial function. While pathogenic each these alterations remains complex, profiling stress dynamics dysfunction may offer promising potential targets search for novel diagnostics therapeutics injury. The objective this review discuss on dysfunction. Mitochondrial dynamics, fission critically discussed understand roles survival. Finally, as degradative mechanism damaged mitochondria, summarized figure out its contribution progression

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic Algorithm for Use of Melatonin in Patients With COVID-19

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: May 15, 2020

The coronavirus, COVID-19, has infected hundreds of thousands and killed tens individuals worldwide. This highly infectious condition continues to ravage the world population yet reach it peak infective rate in some countries. Many conventional drugs including hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine, lipinovir, remdisvir, etc., have been repurposed as treatments for this often deadly disease, but there is no specifically-designed effective drug available; also, these mentioned significant side effects their efficacy unknown. New vaccines are being designed COVID-19 treatment, development testing will require months years. Time not a luxury that crisis has. Thus, serious unmet need identification currently-available safe molecules which can be used slow or treat disease. Several suggested purpose, best known may vitamin C. Here, we suggest melatonin given consideration prophylactic use treatment alone combination with other drugs. Melatonin's multiple actions an anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant anti-viral (against viruses) make reasonable choice use. Melatonin readily available, easily synthesized large quantities, inexpensive, very high safety profile self-administered. endogenously-produced molecule small amounts its production diminishing increased age. Under current critical conditions, doses currently-recommended drugs, e.g., resist infection would seem judicious.

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms of Melatonin in Obesity: A Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 23(1), P. 218 - 218

Published: Dec. 25, 2021

Obesity and its complications have become a prominent global public health problem that severely threatens human health. Melatonin, originally known as an effective antioxidant, is endogenous hormone found throughout the body serves various physiological functions. In recent decades, increasing attention has been paid to unique function in regulating energy metabolism, especially glucose lipid metabolism. Accumulating evidence established relationship between melatonin obesity; nevertheless, not all preclinical clinical indicates anti-obesity effect of melatonin, which makes it remain conclude fight against obesity. this review, we summarized current knowledge obesity-related symptoms, with emphasis on underlying mechanisms. The role profile, adipose tissue, oxidative stress, inflammation, well interactions circadian rhythm, gut microbiota, sleep disorder, α7nAChR, opioidergic system, exosomes, make promising agent open new avenues intervention

Language: Английский

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