Obesity and chronic kidney disease

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 324(1), P. E24 - E41

Published: Nov. 16, 2022

The prevalence of obesity has increased dramatically during the past decades, which been a major health problem. Since 1975, number people with worldwide nearly tripled. An increasing studies find as driver chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, and mechanisms are complex include hemodynamic changes, inflammation, oxidative stress, activation renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Obesity-related is characterized by glomerulomegaly, often accompanied localized segmental glomerulosclerosis lesions. In these patients, early symptoms atypical, microproteinuria being main clinical manifestation nephrotic syndrome rare. Weight loss RAAS blockers have protective effect on obesity-related CKD, but even so, significant proportion patients eventually progress to end-stage renal despite treatment. Thus, it critical comprehend underlying CKD create new tactics for slowing or stopping progression. this review, we summarize current knowledge disease, its pathological future perspectives

Language: Английский

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Significance of Melatonin in the Regulation of Circadian Rhythms and Disease Management

Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 61(8), P. 5541 - 5571

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Language: Английский

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Melatonin in cancer biology: pathways, derivatives, and the promise of targeted delivery

Drug Metabolism Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 56(1), P. 62 - 79

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Melatonin, historically recognized for its primary role in regulating circadian rhythms, has expanded influence particularly due to wide range of biological activities. It firmly established itself cancer research. To highlight versatility, we will delve into how melatonin interacts with key signaling pathways, such as the Wnt/β-Catenin, PI3K, and NF-κB which play foundational roles tumor development progression. Notably, can intricately modulate these potentially affecting various cellular functions apoptosis, metastasis, immunity. Additionally, a comprehensive review current clinical studies provides dual perspective. These confirm melatonin's potential management but also underscore inherent limitations, limited bioavailability, often relegates it supplementary treatments. Despite this limitation, there is an ongoing quest innovative solutions advancements include derivatives cutting-edge delivery systems. By synthesizing past, present, future, detailed overview evolving oncology, positioning cornerstone future therapeutics.

Language: Английский

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Effects of dietary oregano essential oil supplementation on carcass traits, muscle fiber structure, oxidative stability, meat quality, and regulatory mechanisms in Holstein steers

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

Abstract BACKGROUND Dietary supplementation for beef cattle, using natural plant extracts, such as oregano essential oil (OEO), has proven effective in enhancing growth performance, production quantity and quality, ensuring food safety. However, the precise mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. This study investigated impact of OEO on carcass traits, muscle fiber structure, meat oxidative status, flavor compounds, gene regulatory longissimus thoracis (LT) muscles cattle. Eighteen steers were randomly assigned to two groups ( n = 9 per group) fed either a control diet (CK) or same supplemented with 20 g head day 300 days. RESULTS Oregano improved body weight, production, area diameter fiber, ether extract, water‐holding power muscle. Increasing catalase (CAT), peroxidases (POD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) by decreasing lipid droplets (LDs) reduced oxidation. color L* , a* b* C* H° ) compounds affected adversely OEO. The transcriptome metabolome indicated group enriched fat synthesis, proteo‐metabolism, antioxidants, significantly. Five key genes SH2B2, CD209, LOC504773, C1QC, HMOX ten downregulated metabolites (deoxyguanosine, d ‐melezitose, maltotriose, raffinose, melatonin, quinic acid, orotic hydrocinnamic 2‐methylsuccinic pyridoxal 5’‐phosphate) identified biomarkers. These interacted positively influence growth, quality positively. CONCLUSION findings suggest that OEO, bioactive compound, can serve an additive daily dose steer improving although it may affect negatively. © 2025 Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский

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Graphene-Based Far-Infrared Therapy Promotes Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis and UCP1 Activation to Combat Obesity in Mice

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 2225 - 2225

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

Hyperthermia (HT) has broad potential for disease treatment and health maintenance. Previous studies have shown that far-infrared rays (FIRs) at 8-10 μm can potentially reduce inflammation, oxidative stress, gut microbiota imbalance. However, the effects of FIR HT on energy metabolism require further investigation. To investigate graphene-FIR therapy diet-induced obesity their regulatory mechanisms in disorders. After 8 weeks hyperthermia, mice fed standard chow or a high-fat diet (HFD) underwent body composition analysis. Energy expenditure was measured using metabolic cages. The protein changes adipose tissue were detected by molecular technology. Graphene-FIR effectively mitigated fat accumulation, improved dyslipidemia, impaired liver function while enhancing insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, increased VO2, VCO2, EE levels HFD to exhibit enhanced activity. activated AMPK/PGC-1α/SIRT1 pathway tissue, increasing expression uncoupling 1 (UCP1) glucose transporter four (GLUT4), activating thermogenic program improving disorder mice. In short, represents comprehensive approach

Language: Английский

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Chrononutrition—When We Eat Is of the Essence in Tackling Obesity

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(23), P. 5080 - 5080

Published: Nov. 29, 2022

Obesity is a chronic and relapsing public health problem with an extensive list of associated comorbidities. The worldwide prevalence obesity has nearly tripled over the last five decades continues to pose serious threat wider society wellbeing future generations. pathogenesis complex but diet plays key role in onset progression disease. human changed drastically across globe, estimate that approximately 72% calories consumed today come from foods were not part our ancestral diets are compatible metabolism. Additionally, multiple nutrient-independent factors, e.g., cost, accessibility, behaviours, culture, education, work commitments, knowledge societal set-up, influence food choices eating patterns. Much research been focused on ‘what eat’ or ‘how much reduce burden, increasingly evidence indicates ‘when fundamental Aligning feeding patterns 24-h circadian clock regulates wide range physiological behavioural processes health-promoting effects anti-obesity being major part. This article explores current understanding interactions between body clocks, bioactive dietary components less appreciated meal timings energy homeostasis obesity.

Language: Английский

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Extracellular protein homeostasis in neurodegenerative diseases

Nature Reviews Neurology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 24, 2023

Language: Английский

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360-Degree Perspectives on Obesity

Medicina, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 59(6), P. 1119 - 1119

Published: June 9, 2023

Alarming statistics show that the number of people affected by excessive weight has surpassed 2 billion, representing approximately 30% world's population. The aim this review is to provide a comprehensive overview one most serious public health problems, considering obesity requires an integrative approach takes into account its complex etiology, including genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Only understanding connections between many contributors synergy treatment interventions can ensure satisfactory outcomes in reducing obesity. Mechanisms such as oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, dysbiosis play crucial role pathogenesis associated complications. Compounding factors deleterious effects novel challenge posed obesogenic digital (food) environment, stigma with should not be overlooked. Preclinical research animal models been instrumental elucidating these mechanisms, translation clinical practice provided promising therapeutic options, epigenetic approaches, pharmacotherapy, bariatric surgery. However, more studies are necessary discover new compounds target key metabolic pathways, innovative ways deliver drugs, optimal combinations allopathic treatments, and, last but least, emerging biological markers for effective monitoring. With each passing day, crisis tightens grip, threatening only individual lives also burdening healthcare systems societies at large. It high time we took action confront urgent imperative address escalating global head-on.

Language: Английский

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Melatonin Treatment in Kidney Diseases

Cells, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 838 - 838

Published: March 8, 2023

Melatonin is a neurohormone that mainly secreted by the pineal gland. It coordinates work of superior biological clock and consequently affects many processes in human body. Disorders waking sleeping period result nervous system imbalance generate metabolic endocrine derangements. The purpose this review to provide information regarding potential benefits melatonin use, particularly kidney diseases. impact on cardiovascular system, diabetes, homeostasis causes be indirectly connected function quality life people with chronic disease. Moreover, there are numerous reports showing plays role as an antioxidant, free radical scavenger, cytoprotective agent. This means supplementation can helpful almost every type injury because inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress occur, regardless mechanism. administration has renoprotective effect inhibits progression complications renal failure. very important exogenous well tolerated number side effects caused treatment low.

Language: Английский

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Melatonin in Human Breast Milk and Its Potential Role in Circadian Entrainment: A Nod towards Chrononutrition?

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(10), P. 1422 - 1422

Published: May 8, 2024

Breastfeeding is the most appropriate source of a newborn’s nutrition; among plethora its benefits, modulation circadian rhythmicity with melatonin as potential neuroendocrine transducer has gained increasing interest. Transplacental transfer assures provision for fetus, who devoid secretion. Even after birth, neonatal pineal gland not able to produce rhythmically several months (with an even more prolonged deficiency following preterm birth). In this context, human breast milk constitutes main natural melatonin: diurnal dynamic changes, acrophase early midnight, and changes in concentrations according gestational age during different stages lactation have been reported. Understudied thus far are factors impacting on (changes in) content their clinical significance chronobiological adherence neonate: maternal well environmental aspects be investigated detail guide nursing mothers optimal feeding schedules which probably means synchronized instead mistimed practice. This review aims thought-provoking regarding critical role chrononutrition breastfeeding, highlighting entrainment therefore optimizing (neuro)developmental outcomes setting.

Language: Английский

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