Ageing Research Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
101, P. 102480 - 102480
Published: Sept. 3, 2024
Mitochondria
functionally
degrade
as
neurons
age.
Degenerative
changes
cause
inefficient
oxidative
phosphorylation
(OXPHOS)
and
elevated
electron
leakage
from
the
transport
chain
(ETC)
promoting
increased
intramitochondrial
generation
of
damaging
reactive
oxygen
nitrogen
species
(ROS
RNS).
The
associated
progressive
accumulation
molecular
damage
causes
an
increasingly
rapid
decline
in
mitochondrial
physiology
contributing
to
aging.
Melatonin,
a
multifunctional
free
radical
scavenger
indirect
antioxidant,
is
synthesized
matrix
neurons.
Melatonin
reduces
ETC
elevates
ATP
production;
it
also
detoxifies
ROS/RNS
via
SIRT3/FOXO
pathway
upregulates
activities
superoxide
dismutase
2
glutathione
peroxidase.
influences
glucose
processing
by
In
neurogenerative
diseases,
often
adopt
Warburg-type
metabolism
which
excludes
pyruvate
mitochondria
causing
reduced
acetyl
coenzyme
A
production.
Acetyl
supports
citric
acid
cycle
OXPHOS.
Additionally,
required
co-substrate
for
arylalkylamine-N-acetyl
transferase,
rate
limits
melatonin
synthesis;
therefore,
production
diminished
cells
that
experience
making
more
vulnerable
stress.
Moreover,
endogenously
produced
diminishes
during
aging,
further
increasing
components.
More
normal
preserved
aging
with
supplementation.
Journal of Pineal Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
76(3)
Published: April 1, 2024
Abstract
Osteoporosis
(OP)
is
a
severe
global
health
issue
that
has
significant
implications
for
productivity
and
human
lifespan.
Gut
microbiota
dysbiosis
been
demonstrated
to
be
closely
associated
with
OP
progression.
Melatonin
(MLT)
an
important
endogenous
hormone
modulates
bone
metabolism,
maintains
homeostasis,
improves
Multiple
studies
indicated
MLT
participates
in
the
regulation
of
intestinal
gut
barrier
function.
However,
promising
effects
microbiota‐derived
remain
unclear.
Here,
we
found
resulted
tryptophan
disorder
decreased
production
MLT,
while
administration
could
mitigate
OP‐related
clinical
symptoms
reverse
dysbiosis,
including
diversity
microbiota,
relative
abundance
many
probiotics
such
as
Allobaculum
Parasutterella
,
metabolic
function
flora
amino
acid
nucleotide
energy
metabolism.
Notably,
significantly
increased
short‐chain
fatty
acids
trimethylamine
N‐oxide‐related
metabolites.
Importantly,
modulate
dynamic
balance
M1/M2
macrophages,
reduce
serum
levels
pro‐inflammatory
cytokines,
restore
gut‐barrier
Taken
together,
our
results
highlighted
roles
microbially
derived
progression
via
“gut‐bone”
axis
SCFA
which
may
provide
novel
insight
into
development
drug
treating
OP.
Advanced Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 17, 2025
Extracellular
matrix
(ECM)
derived
from
mesenchymal
stem
cells
regulates
antioxidant
properties
and
bone
metabolism
by
providing
a
favorable
extracellular
microenvironment.
However,
its
functional
role
molecular
mechanism
in
mitochondrial
function
regulation
aged
regeneration
remain
insufficiently
elucidated.
This
proteomic
analysis
has
revealed
greater
abundance
of
proteins
supporting
the
young
ECM
(Y-ECM)
secreted
marrow-derived
(BMMSCs)
compared
to
(A-ECM).
Further
studies
demonstrate
that
Y-ECM
significantly
rejuvenates
energy
adult
BMMSCs
(A-BMMSCs)
through
promotion
respiratory
functions
amelioration
oxidative
stress.
A-BMMSCs
cultured
on
exhibited
enhanced
multi-lineage
differentiation
potentials
vitro
ectopic
formation
vivo.
Mechanistically,
silencing
silent
information
regulator
type
3
(SIRT3)
gene
abolished
protective
impact
A-BMMSCs.
Notably,
novel
composite
biomaterial
combining
hyaluronic
acid
methacrylate
hydrogel
microspheres
with
is
developed,
which
yielded
substantial
improvements
healing
defects
an
rat
model.
Collectively,
these
findings
underscore
pivotal
maintaining
redox
homeostasis
present
promising
therapeutic
strategy
for
repair
defects.
Small,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 30, 2024
Abstract
Abnormal
osteogenic
and
remodeling
microenvironment
due
to
osteoblast
apoptosis
are
the
primary
causes
of
delayed
fracture
healing
in
osteoporotic
patients.
Magnesium
(Mg)
alloys
exhibit
biodegradability
appropriate
elastic
moduli
for
bone
defects
osteoporosis,
but
effect
on
local
disorder
is
still
insufficient.
Inspired
by
“honeycomb,”
layered
double
hydroxide
(LDH)
with
regular
traps
graphene
oxide
quantum
dots
(GOQDs)
inlayed
constructed
pulsed
electrodeposition
generate
GOQD/LDH
composite
nanocoatings
surfaces
Mg
alloy
substrates.
The
honeycomb
bionic
multi‐layer
stereoscopic
structure
shows
good
regulation
degradation
support
time
required
defect.
Within
its
lattice,
conducive
osteogenesis
provided
both
rescue
GOQD
LDH.
rescued
activation
mitophagy
clear
dysfunctional
mitochondria,
where
upregulation
BNIP3
phosphorylation
played
a
key
role.
rat
model
femoral
confirmed
improvement
regeneration
osseointegration
coating.
In
summary,
controllable
excellent
pro‐osteogenic
performance
demonstrated
promising
design
strategy
implants
therapy
defects.
Biomolecules,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(2), P. 276 - 276
Published: Feb. 13, 2025
Bone
marrow
mesenchymal
stromal
cells
(BM-MSCs)
are
multipotent
present
in
bone
marrow;
they
play
a
crucial
role
the
process
of
formation.
Cellular
senescence
is
defined
as
stable
state
cell
cycle
arrest
that
impairs
functioning
cells.
Research
has
shown
aging
triggers
BM-MSCs,
leading
to
reduced
capacity
for
osteogenic
differentiation
and
accumulation
senescent
cells,
which
can
accelerate
onset
various
diseases.
Therefore,
it
essential
explore
mechanisms
strategies
rejuvenation
BM-MSCs.
Senile
osteoporosis
(SOP)
metabolic
disease
characterized
by
The
BM-MSCs
considered
one
most
important
factors
occurrence
development
SOP.
treatment
SOP
represents
promising
strategy.
This
work
provides
summary
functional
alterations
observed
systematic
review
facilitate
Additionally,
we
analyze
progress
limitations
associated
with
application
rejuvenated
treat
SOP,
aim
providing
new
insights
prevention
Journal of Pineal Research,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
77(2)
Published: March 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
Periodontal
ligament
stem
cells
(PDLSCs)
bring
new
hope
to
patients
with
poor
periodontium
recovery
and
impaired
regeneration.
However,
the
complex
inflammatory
microenvironment
continually
inhibits
cell
function
hinders
therapy
effectiveness.
Melatonin
is
a
naturally
occurring
neurohormone
that
participates
in
regulation
of
large
spectrum
biological
functions.
We
investigated
effect
melatonin
on
regeneration
both
vitro
vivo.
The
results
showed
promoted
periodontitis
enhanced
osteogenesis
inflamed
PDLSCs
(Inf‐PDLSCs)
depending
concentrations.
Further
mechanistic
exploration
indicated
autophagy
activation
played
significant
role
enhancing
osteogenic
differentiation
Inf‐PDLSCs
after
treatment.
Additionally,
melatonin‐induced
upregulation
TEME110
participated
initiation
enhancement
Inf‐PDLSCs.
Collectively,
our
study
provide
evidence
melatonin‐mediated
important
for
periodontal
tissue
Moreover,
as
therapeutic
drug
treatment
deserves
further
investigation.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 16, 2025
Thiacloprid
(THI)
is
a
synthetic
insecticide,
the
misuse
targeted
chiefly
to
control
aphid
pest
species
in
orchards
and
vegetables.
Melatonin
(MET)
hormone
that
plays
crucial
physiological
roles
anti-inflammatory
capacities
of
fish.
We
explored
function
MET
(100
μM)
mitigate
toxicity
induced
by
THI
(20
lymphocytes.
Our
results
indicate
led
notable
rise
lymphocyte
mortality.
Lymphocytes
exposed
exhibited
heightened
incidence
pyroptosis,
accompanied
upregulation
expression
associated
with
pyroptosis
(NLRP3,
GSDMEA,
IL-18).
Meanwhile,
exposure
decrease
mitochondrial
membrane
potential,
an
increase
mtROS
levels,
reduction
intracellular
ATP,
DNA,
NADPH/NADP+
indicating
imbalance
metabolism
within
Additionally,
these
effects
were
reversed
treatment,
where
MitoQ
treatment
showed
suppression
reduced
caused
via
mtROS/cGAS-STING/NF-κB
axis.
Importantly,
provided
defense
against
immunotoxic
impacts
ameliorating
enhancing
capability
research
potentiates
safeguarding
cultured
fish
from
biological
hazards
highlights
valuable
application
common
carp.
