Biogeography of nodulated legumes and their nitrogen‐fixing symbionts

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 215(1), P. 40 - 56

Published: Feb. 17, 2017

Contents 40 I. II. 41 III. 44 IV. 48 V. 49 VI. VII. 52 VIII. 53 References SUMMARY: In the last decade, analyses of both molecular and morphological characters, including nodulation, have led to major changes in our understanding legume taxonomy. parallel there has been an explosion number genera species rhizobia known nodulate legumes. No attempt made link these two sets data or consider them a biogeographical context. This review aims do this by relating evolution partners: it highlights longitudinal latitudinal trends considers relation location land masses over geological time. Australia is identified as being special case latitudes north equator pivotal highly specialized systems which differentiated effectively become ammonia factories. However, are still many gaps be filled before nodulation sufficiently understood managed for benefit world climate change rife.

Language: Английский

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Will seasonally dry tropical forests be sensitive or resistant to future changes in rainfall regimes?

Environmental Research Letters, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 023001 - 023001

Published: Jan. 13, 2017

Seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTF) are located in regions with alternating wet and seasons, seasons that last several months or more. By the end of 21st century, climate models predict substantial changes rainfall regimes across these regions, but little is known about how individuals, species, communities SDTF will cope hotter, drier conditions predicted by models. In this review, we explore different scenarios may result ecological drought through lens two alternative hypotheses: 1) be sensitive to because they already limited water close climatic thresholds, 2) resistant/resilient intra- inter-annual adapted predictable, seasonal drought. our review literature spans microbial ecosystem processes, a majority available studies suggests increasing frequency intensity droughts likely alter species distributions processes. Though conclude altered regimes, many gaps remain. Future research should focus on geographically comparative well-replicated experiments can provide empirical evidence improve simulation used forecast responses future change at coarser spatial temporal scales.

Language: Английский

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Diversity and Evolution of Flowering Plants of the Caatinga Domain

Caatinga, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 23 - 63

Published: Jan. 1, 2017

The Caatinga Domain (CD) in northeastern Brazil harbors the largest and most continuous expanse of seasonally dry tropical forest woodland biome (SDTFW) New World. Phytogeographical data collected over past 10 years support previous hypotheses that recognized two major biotas SDTFW: Crystalline Caatinga, mostly associated with medium to highly fertile soils wide Sertaneja Depression; Sedimentary poor sandy derived from patchy sedimentary surfaces. A third floristic set is represented by tall forests. CD richest SDTFW area World, 3150 species 930 genera 152 families flowering plants. About 23% 31 are endemic CD. We performed phylogenetic meta-analyses estimate times divergence ancestral areas for lineages, which indicated plant diversity arose situ speciation following Mid Late Miocene vicariance events nuclei: (1) northwestern Caribbean coast Colombia Venezuela; (2) southwestern South American forests southern Bolivia Argentina. Phylogenetic analyses also uncovered unexpected patterns recent radiations, evolutionarily new incomplete lineage sorting sharply contrast common found clades. Recent, Pleistocene, ecological better explains emergence distinct on karstic

Language: Английский

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Precipitation is the main axis of tropical plant phylogenetic turnover across space and time

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(7)

Published: Feb. 17, 2023

Early natural historians—Comte de Buffon, von Humboldt, and De Candolle—established environment geography as two principal axes determining the distribution of groups organisms, laying foundations for biogeography over subsequent 200 years, yet relative importance these remains unresolved. Leveraging phylogenomic global species data Mimosoid legumes, a pantropical plant clade c. 3500 species, we show that water availability gradient from deserts to rain forests dictates turnover lineages within continents across tropics. We demonstrate 95% speciation occurs precipitation niche, showing profound phylogenetic niche conservatism, lineage boundaries coincide with isohyets precipitation. reveal similar patterns on different continents, implying evolution dispersal follow universal processes.

Language: Английский

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A new generic system for the pantropical Caesalpinia group (Leguminosae)

PhytoKeys, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 71, P. 1 - 160

Published: Oct. 12, 2016

The Caesalpinia group is a large pantropical clade of ca. 205 species in subfamily Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae) which generic delimitation has been state considerable flux. Here we present new phylogenetic analyses based on five plastid and one nuclear ribosomal marker, with dense taxon sampling including 172 (84%) the representatives all previously described genera group. These show that current classification into 21 needs to be revised. Several (

Language: Английский

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Dispersal assembly of rain forest tree communities across the Amazon basin

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 114(10), P. 2645 - 2650

Published: Feb. 17, 2017

Significance The Amazon is largely covered by contiguous rain forest. Nevertheless, previous studies have suggested that past geological and climatic events, as well limited seed dispersal, may restricted the movement of tree lineages across Amazon. Using a phylogenetic approach, we show dispersal into local communities larger regions in appears to not been on evolutionary timescales, but instead, assembled from These results contrast with those seasonally dry tropical forests, where closely related species are clustered geographic space. Furthermore, our suggest role for an initiator isolation might lead speciation Amazonian trees.

Language: Английский

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Evolutionary history of the flora of Mexico: Dry forests cradles and museums of endemism

Journal of Systematics and Evolution, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 56(5), P. 523 - 536

Published: April 16, 2018

Abstract Mexico is considered an exceptional biogeographic area with a varied endemic flora, however spatial phylogenetic measures of biodiversity have not yet been estimated to understand how its flora assembled form the current vegetation. Patterns species richness, endemism, diversity, endemism and centers neo‐ paleo‐endemism were determined examine differences congruence among these measures, their implications for conservation. Of 24 360 vascular plant 10 235 (42%) are endemic. Areas associated dry forests in zones topographic complexity mountain systems, deserts, isolated xeric Every single locality where seasonally tropical reported was identified as endemism. Significant diversity most restricted occurred Trans‐Mexican Volcanic Belt Sierra de Chiapas. Notably, highest degree clustering comprising neo‐, paleo‐, super‐endemism southernmost Mexico. Most lineages diverged Miocene (5–20 mya) when arid environments expanded across world. The location between two very large landmasses fact that more than fifty percent surface favored establishment adapted extreme seasonality aridity. These able migrate from both North South America Central presumably during diversify, illustrating signature areas mixture paleo‐endemism.

Language: Английский

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BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY IN COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN DRY FOREST REMNANTS IN ATLÁNTICO: LICHEN COMMUNITIES IN THE DISTRITO REGIONAL DE MANEJO INTEGRADO LURIZA AND THE RESERVA FORESTAL PROTECTORA EL PALOMAR

Caldasia, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 41(1), P. 194 - 214

Published: Jan. 1, 2019

We present a first study of the diversity and community composition lichens in seasonally dry tropical forest (DTF) remnants Atlántico department, Colombia. Lichens were sampled two three protected areas department: Distrito de Manejo Integrado (DMI) Luriza Reserva Forestal Protectora (RFP) El Palomar. The inventory revealed 61 species, including four new to science: Fissurina linoana Lücking, Moncada & G. Rodr. sp. nov., Graphis lurizana Celis mokanarum M.C. Martínez Phaeographis galeanoae B. Salgado-N. nov. Arthonia erupta Coenogonium saepincola are South America, whereas thirteen species recorded for Colombia time. Further 37 records Atlántico, raising total known from department 27 84. With 42 at 31 Palomar, richness was comparable that other DTF sites Neotropics. Overlap between remarkably low, with only twelve shared (20 %), indicating high level heterogeneity. Biogeographical affinities lie Central American DTF, which is line those woody plants. These results underline importance remaining fragments conserving partially unknown biodiversity necessity their continuing conservation.

Language: Английский

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Plant phylogeny as a window on the evolution of hyperdiversity in the tropical rainforest biome

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 214(4), P. 1408 - 1422

Published: March 9, 2017

I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. References SUMMARY: Tropical rainforest (TRF) is the most species-rich terrestrial biome on Earth, harbouring just under half of world's plant species in c. 7% land surface. Phylogenetic trees provide important insights into mechanisms underpinning TRF hyperdiversity that are complementary to those obtained from fossil record. studies diversity have mainly focused whether this an evolutionary 'cradle' or 'museum', emphasizing speciation and extinction rates. However, other explanations, such as age, immigration ecological limits, must also be considered. We present a conceptual framework for addressing drivers diversity, review tested them with phylogenetic data. Although surprisingly few number, these point old age TRF, low high rates credible hyperdiversity. There less evidence but cannot dismissed owing limited number studies. Rapid methodological developments DNA sequencing, macroevolutionary analysis integration phylogenetics disciplines may improve our grasp future. advances critically dependent fundamental systematic research, yielding numerous, additional, well-sampled phylogenies lineages.

Language: Английский

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A phylogenomic analysis of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae)

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 144, P. 106668 - 106668

Published: Nov. 3, 2019

Language: Английский

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