Drought Stress Tolerance in Plants: Interplay of Molecular, Biochemical and Physiological Responses in Important Development Stages

Physiologia, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2(4), P. 180 - 197

Published: Dec. 9, 2022

Drought is an important abiotic stress factor limiting crop productivity worldwide and its impact increasing with climate change. Regardless of the plant growth period, drought has a deadly yield-reducing effect on at every stage development. As many environmental stressors, drought-exposed plants trigger series molecular, biochemical, physiological responses to overcome stress. Currently, researchers are trying determine complex functioning response in different approaches. Plants more sensitive during certain critical stages like germination, seedling formation, flowering, fertilization, grain formation periods. have high success reducing effects vegetative development periods activity tolerance mechanisms. On other hand, generative period can cause irreversible losses yield. This review focuses progression mechanisms involved field crops stages.

Language: Английский

---

Plant drought stress tolerance: understanding its physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 35(1), P. 1912 - 1925

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Plants are vulnerable to many environmental constraints which include drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, heavy metals, etc., thereby posing damage the development and yield of major crops. Of these stresses, drought represents a severe threat plant productivity in agriculture. Drought stress reduces by affecting key metabolic pathways. The capability plants switch on or off series genes result alterations physiological morphological attributes, allowing escape, tolerate avoid stress. Different genes, transcription factors signal transduction pathways induced Advances genome editing technologies have revolutionized agriculture sector using more accurate engineering techniques for targeted crop traits. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) technology is robust efficient approach developing plant/crop varieties tolerant different climatic changes. use new like CRISPR facilitates creation species with improved tolerance. Thus this review aims elucidate basic responses mechanisms adaptation attainment

Language: Английский

---

The Role of Plant-Associated Bacteria, Fungi, and Viruses in Drought Stress Mitigation

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Oct. 25, 2021

Drought stress is an alarming constraint to plant growth, development, and productivity worldwide. However, plant-associated bacteria, fungi, viruses can enhance resistance cope with the negative impacts of drought through induction various mechanisms, which involve biochemical physiological changes. These mechanisms include osmotic adjustment, antioxidant enzyme enhancement, modification in phytohormonal levels, biofilm production, increased water nutrient uptake as well gas exchange use efficiency. Production microbial volatile organic compounds (mVOCs) stress-responsive genes by microbes also play a crucial role acquisition tolerance. This review offers unique exploration microorganisms—plant growth promoting rhizobacteria mycorrhizae, viruses, their interactions—in microbiome (or phytobiome) whole modes action that mitigate stress.

Language: Английский

---

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Symbiosis to Enhance Plant–Soil Interaction

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(13), P. 7840 - 7840

Published: June 27, 2022

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form a symbiotic relationship with plants; is one in which both partners benefit from each other. Fungi plants by improving uptake of water and nutrients, especially phosphorous, while provide 10–20% their photosynthates to fungus. AMF tend make associations 85% plant families play significant role the sustainability an ecosystem. Plants’ growth productivity are negatively affected various biotic abiotic stresses. proved enhance plants’ tolerance against stresses, such as drought, salinity, high temperature, heavy metals. There some obstacles impeding beneficial formation communities, tillage practices, fertilizer rates, unchecked pesticide application, monocultures. Keeping view stress-extenuation potential AMF, present review sheds light on reducing erosion, nutrient leaching, In addition, recent advances commercial production discussed.

Language: Английский

---

The Application of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi as Microbial Biostimulant, Sustainable Approaches in Modern Agriculture

Plants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(17), P. 3101 - 3101

Published: Aug. 29, 2023

Biostimulant application can be considered an effective, practical, and sustainable nutritional crop supplementation may lessen the environmental problems related to excessive fertilization. Biostimulants provide beneficial properties plants by increasing plant metabolism, which promotes yield improves quality of crops; protecting against stresses such as water shortage, soil salinization, exposure sub-optimal growth temperatures; promoting via higher nutrient uptake. Other important benefits include enzymatic microbial activities, changing architecture roots, solubility mobility micronutrients, enhancing fertility soil, predominantly nurturing development complementary microbes. are classified microbial, arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF), plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), non-pathogenic fungi, protozoa, nematodes, or non-microbial, seaweed extract, phosphite, humic acid, other inorganic salts, chitin chitosan derivatives, protein hydrolysates free amino acids, complex organic materials. Arbuscular mycorrhizal among most prominent biostimulants have role in cultivating better, healthier, more functional foods agriculture. AMF assist acquisition; enhance stress tolerance salinity, drought, heavy metals; reduce erosion. proven a environmentally friendly source supplements. The current manuscript gives many examples potential for production different crops. However, further studies needed better understand effectiveness review focuses on how overcome limitations typical systems improving availability, uptake, assimilation, consequently reducing gap between conventional yields. aim this literature is survey impacts presenting case successful paradigms crops well introducing main mechanisms action biostimulant products.

Language: Английский

---

Microbial seed coating: An attractive tool for sustainable agriculture

Biotechnology Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 37, P. e00781 - e00781

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Seed coating is considered one of the best methods to promote sustainable agriculture where physical and physiological properties seeds can be improved facilitate planting, increase growth indices alleviate abiotic biotic stresses. Several seed are used attain good application uniformity adherence in process. has been tested various plant species with different dimensions, forms, textures, germination types. Plant beneficial microorganisms (PBM), such as rhizobia, bacteria, fungi inoculated via inoculation germination, performance tolerance across (e.g., pathogens pests) stress salt, drought, heavy metals) while reducing use agrochemical inputs. In this review, microbial process their ability protect plants from stresses well discussed highlighted agricultural systems.

Language: Английский

---

Different Flooding Conditions Affected Microbial Diversity in Riparian Zone of Huihe Wetland

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 154 - 154

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

The soil microbiome plays an important role in wetland ecosystem services and functions. However, the impact of hydrological conditions on microorganisms is not well understood. This study investigated effects wetted state (WS); wetting–drying (WDS); dried (DS) diversity bacteria, fungi, archaea. Shannon index bacterial was significantly different various flooding (p > 0.05), however, fungal archaeal communities were < 0.05). Significant differences found beta bacterial, fungal, Additionally, composition archaea varied. Bacteria predominantly composed Proteobacteria Actinobacteria, fungi mainly consisted Ascomycota Mucoromycota, primarily represented by Crenarchaeota Euryarchaeota. exhibited correlations with vegetation coverage, plant diversity, aboveground biomass. pH influenced communities, while bulk density, moisture, carbon, nitrogen, community impacted communities. provides a scientific basis for understanding microbial Huihe Nature Reserve; highlighting their relationship properties, offers insights ecological protection wetland.

Language: Английский

---

Effects of beneficial endophytic fungal inoculants on plant growth and nutrient absorption of trifoliate orange seedlings

Scientia Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 277, P. 109815 - 109815

Published: Nov. 4, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Elucidating the Mechanisms Underlying Enhanced Drought Tolerance in Plants Mediated by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Dec. 23, 2021

Plants are often subjected to various environmental stresses during their life cycle, among which drought stress is perhaps the most significant abiotic limiting plant growth and development. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, a group of beneficial soil can enhance adaptability tolerance host plants after infecting roots establishing symbiotic association with plant. Therefore, AM fungi represent an eco-friendly strategy in sustainable agricultural systems. There still need, however, better understand complex mechanisms underlying fungi-mediated enhancement ensure effective use. establish well-developed, extraradical hyphae on root surfaces, function water absorption uptake transfer nutrients into cells. Thus, they participate physiology through specific genes encoded genome. also modulate morphological adaptations physiological processes plants, that help mitigate drought-induced injury tolerance. Several AM-specific have been identified reported be responsible for conferring enhanced This review provides overview effect diversity activity relationship exists between under conditions, elucidates morphological, physiological, molecular outlook future research.

Language: Английский

---

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Alleviate Drought Stress in Trifoliate Orange by Regulating H+-ATPase Activity and Gene Expression

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: March 25, 2021

A feature of arbuscular mycorrhiza is enhanced drought tolerance host plants, although it unclear whether H + -ATPase activity and gene expression are involved in the physiological process. The present study aimed to investigate effects an mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), Funneliformis mosseae , on activity, trifoliate orange ( Poncirus trifoliata ) seedlings subjected well-watered (WW) stress (DS), together with changes leaf gas exchange, root morphology, soil pH value, ammonium content. Soil treatment dramatically increased root, AMF inoculation further strengthened effect. plasma membrane (PM) orange, PtAHA2 (MW239123), was cloned. induced by mycorrhization leaves roots also up-regulated AMF-inoculated AMF- non-AMF-inoculated seedlings. And, under more prominent DS than WW. Mycorrhizal plants showed greater photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO 2 concentration, transpiration rate better volume diameter non-mycorrhizal DS. significantly content, especially DS, whereas reduced value. In addition, positively correlated contents roots, negatively Our results concluded that stimulated response which resulted great nutrient (e.g., ammonium) uptake growth, as well low microenvironment.

Language: Английский

---