Skeletal muscle alterations in patients with acute Covid‐19 and post‐acute sequelae of Covid‐19

Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 11 - 22

Published: Jan. 7, 2022

Abstract Skeletal muscle‐related symptoms are common in both acute coronavirus disease (Covid)‐19 and post‐acute sequelae of Covid‐19 (PASC). In this narrative review, we discuss cellular molecular pathways that affected consider these regard to skeletal muscle involvement other conditions, such as respiratory distress syndrome, critical illness myopathy, post‐viral fatigue syndrome. Patients with severe PASC suffer from weakness exercise intolerance. Histological sections present fibre atrophy, metabolic alterations, immune cell infiltration. Contributing factors patients include systemic inflammation, disuse, hypoxaemia, malnutrition. These also contribute post‐intensive care unit (ICU) syndrome ICU‐acquired likely explain a substantial part Covid‐19‐acquired weakness. The intolerance associated more obscure. Direct (SARS‐CoV)‐2 viral infiltration into or an aberrant system contribute. Similarities between alterations chronic deserve further study. Both SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific generic consequences underlie the observed PASC.

Language: Английский

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The impact of bed rest on human skeletal muscle metabolism

Cell Reports Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(1), P. 101372 - 101372

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Insulin sensitivity and metabolic flexibility decrease in response to bed rest, but the temporal causal adaptations human skeletal muscle metabolism are not fully defined. Here, we use an integrative approach assess during rest provide a multi-system analysis of how circulatory system adapt short- long-term (German Clinical Trials: DRKS00015677). We uncover that intracellular glycogen accumulation after short-term accompanies rapid reduction systemic insulin less GLUT4 localization at cell membrane, preventing further deposition rest. evidence link between triglycerides, lipotoxic ceramides, sphingomyelins altered mitochondrial structure function An nutrient overload therefore represents crucial determinant for insensitivity alterations prolonged

Language: Английский

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Contributions of physical inactivity and sedentary behavior to metabolic and endocrine diseases

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 33(12), P. 817 - 827

Published: Oct. 22, 2022

Language: Английский

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Structural and functional impairments of skeletal muscle in patients with postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection

Journal of Applied Physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 135(4), P. 902 - 917

Published: Sept. 7, 2023

Following acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a substantial proportion of patients showed symptoms and sequelae for several months, namely the postacute COVID-19 (PASC) syndrome. Major phenomena are exercise intolerance, muscle weakness, fatigue. We aimed to investigate physiopathology intolerance in with PASC syndrome by structural functional analyses skeletal muscle. At least 3 mo after infection, nonhospitalized (

Language: Английский

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Previous short‐term disuse dictates muscle gene expression and physiological adaptations to subsequent resistance exercise

The Journal of Physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Abstract Short‐term unloading experienced following injury or hospitalisation induces muscle atrophy and weakness. The effects of exercise have been scarcely investigated. We investigated the functional molecular adaptations to a resistance training (RT) programme short‐term unloading. Eleven males (22.09 ± 2.91 years) underwent 10 days unilateral lower limb suspension (ULLS) followed by 21 knee extensor RT (three times/week). Data collection occurred at Baseline (LS0), after ULLS (LS10) active recovery (AR21). Knee maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) was evaluated. Quadriceps volume estimated ultrasonography. Muscle fibre cross‐sectional area, type distribution, glycogen content succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity were measured from vastus lateralis biopsies. Mitochondrial‐related proteins quantified western blot transcriptional responses assessed RNA sequencing. Following ULLS, quadriceps MVC decreased significantly (3.7%, P < 0.05; 29.3%, 0.001). At AR21 ( vs . LS10), fully restored (42%) increased markedly (18.6%, Glycogen whole‐body water (14%, 0.001; 3.1%, 0.05). observed marked increase in I (38%, SDH immunoreactivity (20%, Mitochondrial fusion (MFN1, MFN2 OPA1) fission (DRP1) RT, most differentially expressed genes belonged oxidative phosphorylation pathways. In contrast with what is usually metabolism, slow mitochondrial dynamics enhanced beyond expected. propose that prior exposure may drive nature subsequent RT. image Key points often during injuries hospitalisation, leading loss mass strength. Although can be beneficial mitigating/reversing such alterations disuse, only few studies focused on With an integrative physiological approach, we aimed elucidate basic mechanisms function response (ULLS), assessing whether underlying are defined specific reversal those disuse. Resistance successful recovering structural properties but this modality, metabolism mostly enhanced. exercise.

Language: Английский

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Muscle Dysfunction and Physical Recovery After Critical Illness

Journal of Intensive Care Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

During critical illness, patients experience significant and rapid onsets of muscle wasting dysfunction with loss strength, mass, power. These deficits often persist long after the ICU, leading to impairments in physical function including reduced exercise capacity increased frailty disability. While there are numerous studies describing epidemiology impaired significantly fewer data investigating mechanisms prolonged persistent ICU survivors. Additionally, while several potential clinical risk factors associated poor recovery have been identified, remains a dearth interventions that effectively improved outcomes long-term among In this article, we aim provide thorough, evidence-based review current state knowledge regarding illness focus on post-ICU post-hospitalization phase recovery.

Language: Английский

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Near‐infrared spectroscopy estimation of combined skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and O₂ diffusion capacity in humans

The Journal of Physiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 600(18), P. 4153 - 4168

Published: Aug. 5, 2022

The final steps of the O

Language: Английский

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Update on Lean Body Mass Diagnostic Assessment in Critical Illness

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 888 - 888

Published: Feb. 26, 2023

Acute critical illnesses can alter vital functions with profound biological, biochemical, metabolic, and functional modifications. Despite etiology, patient’s nutritional status is pivotal to guide metabolic support. The assessment of remains complex not completely elucidated. Loss lean body mass a clear marker malnutrition; however, the question how investigate it still unanswered. Several tools have been implemented measure mass, including computed tomography scan, ultrasound, bioelectrical impedance analysis, although such methods unfortunately require validation. A lack uniform bedside measurement could impact nutrition outcome. Metabolic assessment, status, risk role in care. Therefore, knowledge about used assess increasingly required. aim present review update scientific evidence regarding diagnostic illness provide key points for

Language: Английский

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Insights into the development of insulin resistance: Unraveling the interaction of physical inactivity, lipid metabolism and mitochondrial biology

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: April 20, 2023

While impairments in peripheral tissue insulin signalling have a well-characterized role the development of resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D), specific mechanisms that contribute to these remain debatable. Nonetheless, prominent hypothesis implicates presence high-lipid environment, resulting both reactive lipid accumulation increased mitochondrial oxygen species (ROS) production induction resistance. etiology high environment is rapid well documented, physical inactivity promotes absence redox stress/lipid-mediated mechanisms, suggesting alternative mechanisms-of-action. One possible mechanism reduction protein synthesis resultant decrease key metabolic proteins, including canonical signaling proteins. reductions content associated with are not required for resistance, this could predispose individuals detrimental effects environment. Conversely, exercise-training induced biogenesis has been implicated protective exercise. Given biology may represent point convergence linking impaired sensitivity scenarios chronic overfeeding inactivity, review aims describe interaction between biology, (in)activity metabolism within context signalling.

Language: Английский

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Pathophysiological mechanisms of reduced physical activity: Insights from the human step reduction model and animal analogues

Acta Physiologica, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 238(3)

Published: May 13, 2023

Abstract Physical inactivity represents a heavy burden for modern societies and is spreading worldwide, it recognised pandemic the fourth cause of global mortality. Not surprisingly, there an increasing interest in longitudinal studies on impact reduced physical activity different physiological systems. This narrative review focuses pathophysiological mechanisms step reduction (SR), experimental paradigm that involves sudden decrease participants' habitual daily steps to lower level, mimicking effects sedentary lifestyle. Analogous animal models activity, namely, “wheel‐lock” “cage reduction” models, which can provide foundation human studies, are also discussed. The empirical evidence obtained thus far shows even brief periods lead substantial alterations skeletal muscle health metabolic function. In particular, decrements lean/muscle mass, function, protein synthesis, cardiorespiratory fitness, endothelial function insulin sensitivity, together with increased fat mass inflammation, have been observed. Exercise interventions seem particularly effective counteracting these induced by activity. A direct comparison SR other unloading, such as bed rest limb suspension/immobilisation, presented. addition, we propose conceptual framework aiming unravel atrophy resistance specific context ambulatory Finally, methodological considerations, knowledge gaps future directions both discussed review.

Language: Английский

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