IOC consensus statement: dietary supplements and the high-performance athlete

British Journal of Sports Medicine, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 52(7), P. 439 - 455

Published: March 14, 2018

Nutrition usually makes a small but potentially valuable contribution to successful performance in elite athletes, and dietary supplements can make minor this nutrition programme. Nonetheless, supplement use is widespread at all levels of sport. Products described as target different issues, including (1) the management micronutrient deficiencies, (2) supply convenient forms energy macronutrients, (3) provision direct benefits or (4) indirect such supporting intense training regimens. The appropriate some benefit athlete, others may harm athlete’s health, performance, and/or livelihood reputation (if an antidoping rule violation results). A complete nutritional assessment should be undertaken before decisions regarding are made. Supplements claiming directly indirectly enhance typically largest group products marketed only few (including caffeine, creatine, specific buffering agents nitrate) have good evidence benefits. However, responses affected by scenario vary widely between individuals because factors that include genetics, microbiome habitual diet. intended thoroughly trialled simulated competition being used competition. Inadvertent ingestion substances prohibited under codes govern sport known risk taking supplements. Protection health awareness potential for must paramount; expert professional opinion assistance strongly advised athlete embarks on use.

Language: Английский

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UEFA expert group statement on nutrition in elite football. Current evidence to inform practical recommendations and guide future research

British Journal of Sports Medicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 55(8), P. 416 - 416

Published: Oct. 23, 2020

Football is a global game which constantly evolving, showing substantial increases in physical and technical demands. Nutrition plays valuable integrated role optimising performance of elite players during training match-play, maintaining their overall health throughout the season. An evidence-based approach to nutrition emphasising, 'food first' philosophy (ie, food over supplements), fundamental ensure effective player support. This requires relevant scientific evidence be applied according constraints what practical feasible football setting. The science underpinning sports evolving fast, practitioners must alert new developments. In response these developments, Union European Associations (UEFA) has gathered experts research as well working with clubs national associations/federations issue an expert statement on range topics nutrition: (1) match day nutrition, (2) (3) body composition, (4) stressful environments travel, (5) cultural diversity dietary considerations, (6) supplements, (7) rehabilitation, (8) referees (9) junior high-level players. group provide narrative synthesis background relating based knowledge experience literature, applying within Our intention readers content help drive own recommendations. addition, guidance researchers where focus future efforts.

Language: Английский

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A Global Overview of Dietary Supplements: Regulation, Market Trends, Usage during the COVID-19 Pandemic, and Health Effects

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(15), P. 3320 - 3320

Published: July 26, 2023

Over the last 20 years, use of dietary supplements (DS) has continued to grow in many countries. Due public health crisis brought on by COVID-19 pandemic and amidst fears regarding vaccines their low supply regions world, there been a marked interest DS as alternative means protecting against treating this emerging disease, well boosting immune system minimizing risk inflammation. Despite lack evidence suggest efficacy, surge sales reported parts world. Questions have also raised about effects associated with due increased during crisis. Numerous scientific studies demonstrated beneficial properties some adverse even toxic effects. In addition, given current global issue, review is needed establish status before The aim summarize impact incidence pandemic, regulation market trends. First, we provide an overview DS, including comprehensive legislative regulatory aspects USA, China, EU, Algeria. Second, describe prevalence most commonly consumed efficacy prophylactic modality era COVID-19. Additionally, examine structure size countries that predominantly produce import them, its trend, growth. Finally, review, discuss profile users.

Language: Английский

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Antioxidant and Adaptative Response Mediated by Nrf2 during Physical Exercise

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 8(6), P. 196 - 196

Published: June 25, 2019

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related 2 (Nrf2) is a powerful nuclear transcription that coordinates an antioxidant cytoprotector system complex stimulated by the increase in inoxidative stress (OS). In present manuscript, we conduct review on evidence shows effect different modalities of physical exercise exert metabolic response directed Nrf2. During exercise, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are increased; therefore, if endogenous and exogenous defenses unable to control elevation ROS, resulting OS triggers activation transcriptional Nrf2 induce response. On molecular basis related hormesis maintenance (exercise preconditioning) adaptative changes training supported growing body evidence, which important for detailing health benefits involve greater resistance environmental aggressions, better tolerance constant changes, increasing regenerative capacity cells such way it may be used as tool support prevention or treatment diseases. This have clinical implications future investigations regarding terms understanding adaptations high-performance athletes but also therapeutic model several

Language: Английский

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Sports Foods and Dietary Supplements for Optimal Function and Performance Enhancement in Track-and-Field Athletes

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 29(2), P. 198 - 209

Published: Oct. 9, 2018

Athletes are exposed to numerous nutritional products, attractively marketed with claims of optimizing health, function, and performance. However, there is limited evidence support many these claims, the efficacy safety products questionable. The variety aids considered for use by track-and-field athletes includes sports foods, performance supplements, therapeutic aids. Support foods five evidence-based supplements (caffeine, creatine, nitrate/beetroot juice, β-alanine, bicarbonate) varies according event, specific scenario use, individual athlete’s goals responsiveness. Specific challenges include developing protocols manage repeated in multievent or heat-final competitions interaction between several which used concurrently. Potential disadvantages supplement expense, false expectancy, risk ingesting banned substances sometimes present as contaminants. a pragmatic approach decision-making process recommended. authors conclude that it pertinent be only where strong base supports their safe, legal, effective such trialed thoroughly before committing competition setting.

Language: Английский

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“Food First but Not Always Food Only”: Recommendations for Using Dietary Supplements in Sport

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(5), P. 371 - 386

Published: March 12, 2022

The term "food first" has been widely accepted as the preferred strategy within sport nutrition, although there is no agreed definition of this and often limited consideration implications. We propose that food first should mean "where practically possible, nutrient provision come from whole foods drinks rather than isolated components or dietary supplements." There are many reasons to commend a strategy, including risk supplement contamination resulting in anti-doping violations. However, few supplements can enhance health and/or performance, therefore only approach could be inappropriate. six why may not always optimal for athletes: (a) some nutrients difficult obtain sufficient quantities diet, require excessive energy intake consumption other nutrients; (b) abundant athletes do eat/like; (c) content with established ergogenic benefits highly variable; (d) concentrated doses required correct deficiencies promote immune tolerance; (e) consume immediately before, during after exercise; (f) tested help where concerns about hygiene contamination. In these situations, it acceptable athlete consider sports providing comprehensive minimization implemented. As consequence, important stress terminology but only."

Language: Английский

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Nutritional Strategies for Optimizing Health, Sports Performance, and Recovery for Female Athletes and Other Physically Active Women: A Systematic Review

Nutrition Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 12, 2024

Abstract Context Despite the progress toward gender equality in events like Olympic Games and other institutionalized competitions, rising number of women engaging physical exercise programs, scientific studies focused on establishing specific nutritional recommendations for female athletes physically active are scarce. Objective This systematic review aimed to compile evidence available addressing question “What dietary strategies, including supplementation approaches, can improve sports performance, recovery, health status women?” Data Sources The Pubmed, Web Science, Scopus databases were searched. Extraction process involved a comprehensive search strategy using keywords connected by Boolean connectors. extracted from selected included information participants their characteristics related sport practice, age, menstrual function. Analysis A total 71 this review: 17 analysis manipulation, 54 effects supplementation. sample size was 1654 (32.5% categorized as competitive athletes, 30.7% highly/moderately trained, 37.2% active/recreational athletes). risk bias considered moderate, mainly reasons such lack access study protocol, insufficient description how hormonal phase during cycle controlled for, inadequate control intervention, or blinding researchers. Conclusion Diets with high carbohydrate (CHO) content enhance performance activities that induce muscle glycogen depletion. In addition, pre-exercise meals glycemic index rich CHOs increase CHO metabolism. Ingestion 5–6 protein interspersed throughout day, each intake exceeding 25 g favors anabolism proteins. Dietary supplements taken caffeine, nitric oxide precursors, β-alanine, certain foods (such CHOs, proteins, combination, micronutrients cases deficiencies), may positively influence and/or women. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO registration no. CRD480674.

Language: Английский

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Prevalence of dietary supplement use by gym members in Portugal and associated factors

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Jan. 3, 2020

Although there seems to be an increasing interest in the use of dietary supplements those who exercise recreationally and want improve body composition, is little published data regarding gym users supplement use.This cross-sectional study describes prevalence type used by gyms members, reasons for using them information source a self-administered online questionnaire.Of 459 participants (301 females) answered survey, 43.8% reported supplements. Users were more likely men (62.7% vs. 33.9%, p < 0.05), younger (32 ± 9 34 11 years, 0.05) trained hours per week (6 3 vs 4 h, than non-users. The most consumed proteins (80.1%), multivitamins and/or minerals (38.3%), sport bars (37.3%), branched-chain amino acids (BCAA's) (36.8%) n-3 fatty (35.5%). Men arginine, BCAA's, creatine, glutamine, β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB), proteins, β-alanine, taurine, multivitamin/minerals, carbohydrate (p 0.05). commonly cited gaining muscle (55.7%), accelerating recovery (52.7%) improving performance (47.3%). have often referred increase strength, resistance, gain mass, accelerate as women Those mentioned reason did not (30.4 years 33.7 sources registered dietitians (23.1%), internet (22.2%) him/herself (16.6%). majority (> 70%) declared being well or very informed about supplements, while only minority (4%) felt poorly informed. Most individuals purchased from (56.2%) supplement/health food stores (43.4%).This concluded that are large consumers men, young, protein powders, aiming obtain dietitians, consider themselves buy online.

Language: Английский

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Dietary Supplements as a Major Cause of Anti-doping Rule Violations

Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: March 25, 2022

Dietary supplements encompass a large heterogenic group of products with wide range ingredients and declared effects used by athletes for multitude reasons. The high prevalence use across all sports level competition, combined the well-documented risks such containing prohibited substances have led to several doping cases globally. Despite being considerable concern persistent focus sport organizations anti-doping agencies, magnitude rule violations associated supplement is not well-known. This study examines 18-years controls national program determine relationship between presence in athlete's samples dietary supplements. In 26% (n = 49) analytical violation period 2003-2020 192), athlete claimed that was source substance causing an adverse finding. Evidence supporting this claim found about half these 27, i.e., 14% ADRV's). Stimulants were most prevalent linked 24), which methylhexanamine 16 cases. High risk predominantly multi-ingredient pre-workout 20) fat-burning 4). Anti-doping should develop strategies on how assist assess need, consequences using various

Language: Английский

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Evaluation and Behavior of Spanish Bodybuilders: Doping and Sports Supplements

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9(4), P. 122 - 122

Published: March 28, 2019

The use of doping agents has these days become a public health problem, as it also affects young and non-competitive amateurs in different sports. To prepare for competition, bodybuilders perform aggressive dietary protocols, so, frequently consume nutritional supplements (NS) banned substances large dosages. Thus, the aim this study is to analyze prevalence consumption NS intake competitive level bodybuilders. A total 48 (44 males 4 females) completed validated online questionnaire on consumption. quantitative data was presented mean (M) ± standard deviation (SD), well having minimum maximum values. categorical variables were expressed using frequencies percentages. 83.3% participants declared that they had consumed or would substances, most being anabolic steroids (72.9%). One hundred percent those sampled NS. Whey protein (96%), branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) (94%), creatine (85%) vitamin complexes (83%) consumed, however, there low certain which could increase athletic performance.

Language: Английский

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