Brain Behavior and Immunity, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 85, P. 120 - 127
Published: June 27, 2019
Language: Английский
Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 99(4), P. 1877 - 2013
Published: Aug. 28, 2019
The importance of the gut-brain axis in maintaining homeostasis has long been appreciated. However, past 15 yr have seen emergence microbiota (the trillions microorganisms within and on our bodies) as one key regulators function led to appreciation a distinct microbiota-gut-brain axis. This is gaining ever more traction fields investigating biological physiological basis psychiatric, neurodevelopmental, age-related, neurodegenerative disorders. brain communicate with each other via various routes including immune system, tryptophan metabolism, vagus nerve enteric nervous involving microbial metabolites such short-chain fatty acids, branched chain amino peptidoglycans. Many factors can influence composition early life, infection, mode birth delivery, use antibiotic medications, nature nutritional provision, environmental stressors, host genetics. At extreme diversity diminishes aging. Stress, particular, significantly impact at all stages life. Much recent work implicated gut many conditions autism, anxiety, obesity, schizophrenia, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease. Animal models paramount linking regulation fundamental neural processes, neurogenesis myelination, microbiome activation microglia. Moreover, translational human studies are ongoing will greatly enhance field. Future focus understanding mechanisms underlying attempt elucidate microbial-based intervention therapeutic strategies for neuropsychiatric
Language: Английский
Citations
3415
Cell, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 177(6), P. 1600 - 1618.e17
Published: May 1, 2019
Language: Английский
Citations
911
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 113(12), P. 2019 - 2040
Published: Nov. 2, 2020
Language: Английский
Citations
897
PeerJ, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 7, P. e7502 - e7502
Published: Aug. 16, 2019
Gut microbiota have important functions in the body, and imbalances composition diversity of those can cause several diseases. The host fosters favorable by releasing specific factors, such as microRNAs, nonspecific antimicrobial peptides, mucus immunoglobulin A that encourage growth types bacteria inhibit others. Diet, antibiotics, age change gut microbiota, many studies shown relationship between disorders diseases reported some ways to modulate balance. In this review, we highlight how shapes its via environmental nutritional factors affect it, it using prebiotics, probiotics, fecal transplantation.
Language: Английский
Citations
600
Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11
Published: Dec. 10, 2020
The human microbiota has a fundamental role in host physiology and pathology. Gut microbial alteration, also known as dysbiosis, is condition associated not only with gastrointestinal disorders but diseases affecting other distal organs. Recently it became evident that the intestinal bacteria can affect central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. tract are communicating through bidirectional network of signaling pathways called gut-brain axis, which consists multiple connections, including vagus nerve, immune system, bacterial metabolites products. During these dysregulated altered permeability blood-brain barrier (BBB) neuroinflammation. However, numerous mechanisms behind impact gut neuro-development -pathogenesis remain poorly understood. There several involved CNS homeostasis Among those, inflammasome pathway been linked to neuroinflammatory conditions such sclerosis, Alzheimer’s Parkinson’s diseases, anxiety depressive-like disorders. complex assembles upon cell activation due exposure microbes, danger signals, or stress lead production pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β interleukin-18) pyroptosis. Evidences suggest there reciprocal influence brain. how this precisely working yet be discovered. Herein, we discuss status knowledge open questions field focusing on function products cells during healthy inflammatory conditions, neuropsychiatric In particular, focus innate mechanism certain microbes.
Language: Английский
Citations
567
Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 172, P. 105840 - 105840
Published: Aug. 24, 2021
Emerging evidence indicates that the gut microbiota play a crucial role in bidirectional communication between and brain suggesting microbes may shape neural development, modulate neurotransmission affect behavior, thereby contribute to pathogenesis and/or progression of many neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric, neurological conditions. This review summarizes recent data on microbiota-gut-brain axis pathophysiology neuropsychiatric disorders including depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, Parkinson's disease, migraine, epilepsy. Also, involvement co-existing with conditions is highlighted. We discuss from both vivo preclinical experiments clinical reports including: (1) studies germ-free animals, (2) exploring composition animal models diseases or humans, (3) evaluating effects probiotic, prebiotic antibiotic treatment as well (4) fecal transplantation.
Language: Английский
Citations
496
npj Parkinson s Disease, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(1)
Published: March 10, 2021
The gut microbiota is emerging as an important modulator of neurodegenerative diseases, and accumulating evidence has linked microbes to Parkinson's disease (PD) symptomatology pathophysiology. PD often preceded by gastrointestinal symptoms alterations the enteric nervous system accompany disease. Several studies have analyzed microbiome in PD, but a consensus on features PD-specific missing. Here, we conduct meta-analysis re-analyzing ten currently available 16S datasets investigate whether common patients exist across cohorts. We found significant PD-associated microbiome, which are robust study-specific technical heterogeneities, although differences structure between controls small. Enrichment genera Lactobacillus, Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium depletion bacteria belonging Lachnospiraceae family Faecalibacterium genus, both short-chain fatty acids producers, emerged most consistent alterations. This dysbiosis might result pro-inflammatory status could be recurrent affecting patients.
Language: Английский
Citations
493
JAMA Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 78(12), P. 1343 - 1343
Published: Sept. 15, 2021
Evidence of gut microbiota perturbations has accumulated for multiple psychiatric disorders, with signatures proposed as potential biomarkers. However, no attempts have been made to evaluate the specificity these across range conditions.
Language: Английский
Citations
475
Cell, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 180(2), P. 221 - 232
Published: Jan. 1, 2020
Language: Английский
Citations
418
The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 60(1), P. 477 - 502
Published: Sept. 11, 2019
The traditional fields of pharmacology and toxicology are beginning to consider the substantial impact our gut microbiota has on host physiology. microbiota-gut-brain axis is emerging as a particular area interest potential new therapeutic target for effective treatment central nervous system disorders, in addition being cause drug side effects. Microbiota-gut-brain signaling can occur via several pathways, including immune system, recruitment neurochemical signaling, direct enteric routes vagus nerve, production bacterial metabolites. Altered microbial profiles have been described psychiatric neurological disorders. Psychobiotics, live biotherapeutics or substances whose beneficial effects brain bacterially mediated, currently investigated and/or adjunctive therapies neurodevelopmental disorders possibly neurodegenerative disease, they may emerge options clinical management
Language: Английский
Citations
335