One
of
the
fundamental
principles
electrostatics
is
that
an
uncharged
object
will
be
attracted
to
a
charged
through
electrostatic
induction
as
two
approaches
one
another.
We
refer
single
electrode
and
examine
scenario
where
positive
voltage
applied.
Because
phenomenon,
single-electrode
only
generates
attraction
forces.
Here,
we
discover
can
generate
repulsion
forces
define
this
new
phenomenon
phenomenon.
investigate
phenomena,
giving
curve
force
versus
then
defining
3
regions.
Remote
actuation
manipulation
are
essential
technologies
enormous
concern,
with
tweezers
playing
important
role.
Various
designed
on
basis
external
fields
optics,
acoustics,
magnetism
used
for
remote
manipulation,
but
some
inherent
drawbacks
still
exist.
Tweezers
would
benefit
greatly
from
our
discovery
in
electrostatics.
On
discovery,
propose
concept
tweezers,
which
achieve
noncontact
manipulation.
Experimental
characterizations
successful
applications
metamaterials,
robots,
manipulating
objects
demonstrated
produce
large
deformation
rates
(>6,000%),
fast
(>100
Hz),
distance
(~15
cm)
have
advantages
simple
device
structure,
easy
control,
lightweight,
no
dielectric
breakdown,
low
cost.
Our
work
may
deepen
people’s
understanding
opens
opportunities
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
36(19)
Published: Jan. 30, 2024
Soft
actuators
(SAs)
are
devices
which
can
interact
with
delicate
objects
in
a
manner
not
achievable
traditional
robotics.
While
it
is
possible
to
design
SA
whose
actuation
triggered
via
an
external
stimulus,
the
use
of
single
stimulus
creates
challenges
spatial
and
temporal
control
actuation.
Herein,
4D
printed
multimaterial
soft
actuator
(MMSA)
only
initiated
by
combination
triggers
(i.e.,
pH
temperature)
presented.
Using
3D
printing,
multilayered
hydrophilic
pH-sensitive
layer,
hydrophobic
magnetic
temperature-responsive
shape-memory
polymer
designed.
The
hydrogel
responds
environmental
conditions
swelling
or
shrinking,
while
resist
shape
deformation
until
temperature
light.
these
stimuli-responsive
layers
allows
for
high
level
spatiotemporal
utility
MMSA
demonstrated
series
cargo
capture
release
experiments,
validating
its
ability
demonstrate
active
control.
concept
provides
promising
research
direction
develop
multifunctional
potential
applications
biomedical
engineering
engineering.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
36(29)
Published: May 16, 2024
Bio-inspired
magnetic-responsive
hydrogel
is
confined
in
exceedingly
narrow
spaces
for
soft
robots
and
biomedicine
either
gel
state
or
magnetofluidic
sol
state.
However,
the
motion
of
magnetic
will
be
inhibited
various
irregular
due
to
fixed
shape
size
sol-state
magnetofluid
may
bring
unpredictable
residues
space.
Inspired
by
dynamic
liquid
lubricating
mechanism
biological
systems,
novel
semi-convertible
(MSCH)
developed
through
imbedding
gelatin
amino-modified
Fe
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
36(23)
Published: Feb. 21, 2024
Medical
microrobotics
is
an
emerging
field
to
revolutionize
clinical
applications
in
diagnostics
and
therapeutics
of
various
diseases.
On
the
other
hand,
mobile
has
important
obstacles
pass
before
translation.
This
article
focuses
on
these
challenges
provides
a
roadmap
medical
microrobots
enable
their
use.
From
concept
"magic
bullet"
physicochemical
interactions
complex
biological
environments
applications,
there
are
several
translational
steps
consider.
Clinical
translation
only
possible
with
close
collaboration
between
experts
researchers
address
technical
microfabrication,
safety,
imaging.
The
application
potential
can
be
materialized
by
designing
that
solve
current
main
challenges,
such
as
actuation
limitations,
material
stability,
imaging
constraints.
strengths
weaknesses
progress
discussed
for
near
future
outlined.
Bioactive Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
39, P. 163 - 190
Published: May 21, 2024
Oral
administration
is
the
most
simple,
noninvasive,
convenient
treatment.
With
increasing
demands
on
targeted
drug
delivery,
traditional
oral
treatment
now
facing
some
challenges:
1)
biologics
how
to
implement
and
ensure
bioavailability
not
lower
than
subcutaneous
injections;
2)
How
achieve
therapy
of
drugs
in
gastrointestinal
tract?
Based
these
two
issues,
delivery
microrobots
have
shown
great
application
prospect
due
their
characteristics
flexible
locomotion
or
driven
ability.
Therefore,
this
paper
summarizes
various
developed
recent
years
divides
them
into
four
categories
according
different
driving
modes:
magnetic-controlled
microrobots,
anchored
self-propelled
biohybrid
microrobots.
As
involve
disciplines
such
as
materials
science,
mechanical
engineering,
medicine,
control
systems,
begins
by
introducing
barriers
that
must
overcome.
Subsequently,
it
provides
an
overview
typical
involved
design
process
To
enhance
readers'
understanding
working
principles
we
present
a
guideline
for
designing
Furthermore,
current
development
status
types
reviewed,
summarizing
respective
advantages
limitations.
Finally,
considering
significant
concerns
regarding
safety
clinical
translation,
discuss
challenges
prospections
translation
presented
paper,
providing
corresponding
suggestions
addressing
existing
challenges.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
36(24)
Published: March 11, 2024
Abstract
Multimodal
and
controllable
locomotion
in
complex
terrain
is
of
great
importance
for
practical
applications
insect‐scale
robots.
Robust
plays
a
particularly
critical
role.
In
this
study,
mechanism
magnetic
robots
based
on
asymmetrical
friction
effect
induced
by
torque
revealed
defined.
The
defined
overcomes
the
design
constraints
imposed
both
robot
substrate
structures,
enabling
realization
multimodal
terrains.
Drawing
inspiration
from
human
walking
running
locomotion,
biped
proposed,
which
not
only
exhibits
rapid
across
substrates
with
varying
coefficients
but
also
achieves
precise
along
patterned
trajectories
through
programmed
controlling.
Furthermore,
apart
its
exceptional
locomotive
capabilities,
demonstrates
remarkable
robustness
terms
load‐carrying
weight‐bearing
performance.
presented
herein
introduce
novel
concept
designing
while
offering
extensive
possibilities
robotics.
ACS Nano,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 19, 2025
Cancer
poses
a
substantial
threat
and
serious
challenge
to
public
human
health,
driving
the
promotion
of
sophisticated
technologies
for
cancer
therapy.
While
conventional
chemotherapy
has
bottlenecks
such
as
low
delivery
efficiency,
strong
toxic
side
effects,
tumor
enrichment
barriers,
magnetic
micro/nanorobots
(MNRs)
emerge
promising
therapeutic
candidates
that
provide
alternative
strategies
MNR
is
kind
human-made
machine
micro-
or
nanosized,
reasonably
designed,
performs
command
tasks
through
self-actuated
externally
controlled
propulsion
mechanisms,
which
can
be
potentially
applied
in
theranostics.
Here,
this
review
first
introduces
components
constitute
typical
MNR,
including
body
part,
control
function
sensing
part.
Subsequently,
elucidates
representative
fabrication
methods
construct
MNRs
from
top-down
approaches
bottom-up
approaches,
covering
injection
molding,
self-rolling,
melt
electrospinning
writing,
deposition,
biotemplate
method,
lithography,
assembling,
3D
printing,
chemical
synthesis.
Furthermore,
focuses
on
multiple
applications
facing
diagnosis
treatment,
encompassing
imaging,
quantification,
drug
release,
synergy
with
therapies,
cell
manipulation,
surgical
assistance.
Then,
systematically
elaborates
biocompatibility
biosafety
MNRs.
Finally,
challenges
faced
by
are
discussed
alongside
future
research
directions.
This
intended
scientific
guidance
may
improve
comprehension
cognition
theranostics
platform
MNRs,
promoting
prospering
practical
application
development
ABSTRACT
Bio‐integrated
microrobots
(BIMs),
which
are
fabricated
with
biofriendly
materials,
biological
units
(e.g.
cells
or
biomolecules),
cell‐material
hybrids
have
emerged
as
a
promising
technology
for
minimally
invasive
biomedicine.
The
diminutive
size
and
flexible
structures
enable
BIMs
to
navigate
within
narrow,
deep,
challenging‐to‐reach
in
vivo
regions,
performing
biopsy,
diagnostic,
drug
delivery,
therapeutic
functions
minimal
invasiveness.
However,
the
clinical
deployment
of
is
highly
orchestrated
task
that
requires
consideration
material
properties,
structural
design,
locomotion,
observation,
outcomes,
side
effects
on
tissues,
etc.
In
this
review,
we
review
discuss
latest
advances
bio‐integrated
microrobot
domain,
evaluating
various
methods
associated
fabrication,
actuation,
implementation
biomedical
BIMs.
By
comparing
advantages
shortcomings
these
techniques,
highlights
challenges
future
trends
intelligent
microrobots,
huge
potential
International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
7(2), P. 022002 - 022002
Published: Nov. 14, 2024
Highlights
Exploring
personalized
biomedical
metal
implants
through
additive
manufacturing
(AM).
Presenting
new
load-bearing
and
biodegradable
alloys
for
implants.
Showcasing
AI
4D
printing
advancements
in
material
properties.
AM’s
roles
various
medical
fields.
Highlighting
perspectives
of
implant
technology
improved
patient
care.
Biomaterials Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(17), P. 4301 - 4334
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Microrobots,
which
can
perform
tasks
in
difficult-to-reach
parts
of
the
human
body
under
their
own
or
external
power
supply,
are
potential
tools
for
biomedical
applications,
such
as
drug
delivery,
microsurgery,
imaging
and
monitoring,
tissue
engineering,
sensors
actuators.
Compared
with
traditional
fabrication
methods
microrobots,
recent
improvements
3D
printers
enable
them
to
print
high-precision
breaking
through
limitations
micromanufacturing
technologies
that
require
high
skills
operators
greatly
shortening
design-to-production
cycle.
Here,
this
review
first
introduces
typical
printing
used
microrobot
manufacturing.
Then,
structures
microrobots
different
functions
application
scenarios
discussed.
Next,
we
summarize
materials
(body
materials,
propulsion
intelligent
materials)
manufacturing
complete
construction
realize
applications
(
