Evolution of DNA Methylation across Insects

Molecular Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. msw264 - msw264

Published: Nov. 19, 2016

DNA methylation contributes to gene and transcriptional regulation in eukaryotes, therefore has been hypothesized facilitate the evolution of plastic traits such as sociality insects. However, is sparsely studied Therefore, we documented patterns across a wide diversity We predicted that underlying enzymatic machinery concordant with methylation. Finally, given suggestion facilitated social Hymenoptera, tested hypothesis system will be associated presence/absence among other insect orders. found widespread, detected all orders examined except Diptera (flies). Whole genome bisulfite sequencing showed differed levels Hymenopteran (ants, bees, wasps sawflies) had some lowest levels, including several potential losses. Blattodea (cockroaches termites) show possible patterns, loss eusocial species whereas solitary highest levels. Species do not always possess typical machinery. identified duplication event maintenance methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) shared by paralogs have experienced divergent, nonneutral evolution. This suggests alternative pathways may exist. Phylogenetically corrected comparisons revealed no evidence supports evolutionary association between Future functional studies required advance our understanding

Language: Английский

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Superorganismality and caste differentiation as points of no return: how the major evolutionary transitions were lost in translation

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 93(1), P. 28 - 54

Published: May 15, 2017

More than a century ago, William Morton Wheeler proposed that social insect colonies can be regarded as superorganisms when they have morphologically differentiated reproductive and nursing castes are analogous to the metazoan germ-line soma. Following rise of sociobiology in 1970s, Wheeler's insights were largely neglected, we left with multiple new superorganism concepts mutually inconsistent uninformative on how superorganismality originated. These difficulties traced broadened sociobiological concept eusociality, which denies physical queen-worker caste differentiation is universal hallmark superorganismal colonies. Unlike early evolutionary naturalists geneticists such Weismann, Huxley, Fisher Haldane, who set out explain acquisition an unmated worker caste, goal was understand evolution broad-brush convenience category covers most forms cooperative breeding. By lumping diverse spectrum systems into single category, drawing attention away from distinct quantifiable traits, tradition has impeded straightforward connections between inclusive fitness theory major transitions paradigm for understanding irreversible shifts higher organizational complexity. We evaluate history by these inconsistencies accumulated, develop common-cause approach origins all eukaryote hierarchical complexity, use Hamilton's rule argue directly comparable. show only original definition unambiguously linked context-dependent altruism unconditional permanently ants, corbiculate bees, vespine wasps termites. strictly monogamous parents necessary, albeit not sufficient condition superorganismality, single-zygote bottlenecking being necessary but convergent complex soma across multicellular eukaryotes. infer conflict reduction origin any transitions, conclude controversies over status primarily emanate arbitrarily defined itself.

Language: Английский

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Hemimetabolous genomes reveal molecular basis of termite eusociality

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 2(3), P. 557 - 566

Published: Feb. 2, 2018

Abstract Around 150 million years ago, eusocial termites evolved from within the cockroaches, 50 before Hymenoptera, such as bees and ants, appeared. Here, we report 2-Gb genome of German cockroach, Blattella germanica , 1.3-Gb drywood termite Cryptotermes secundus . We show evolutionary signatures eusociality by comparing genomes transcriptomes three cockroach against background 16 other non-eusocial insects. Dramatic adaptive changes in genes underlying production perception pheromones confirm importance chemical communication termites. These are accompanied major gene regulation molecular evolution caste determination. Many these results parallel mechanisms Hymenoptera. However, specific solutions remarkably different, thus revealing a striking case convergence one transitions biological complexity.

Language: Английский

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Molecular signatures of plastic phenotypes in two eusocial insect species with simple societies

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 112(45), P. 13970 - 13975

Published: Oct. 19, 2015

Significance In eusocial insect societies, such as ants and some bees wasps, phenotypes are highly plastic, generating alternative (queens workers) from the same genome. The greatest plasticity is found in simple which individuals can switch between adults. genomic, transcriptional, epigenetic underpinnings of largely unknown. contrast to complex societies honeybee, we find that lack distinct transcriptional differentiation coherently patterned DNA methylomes. Instead, defined by subtle network organization. These traits may facilitate genomic plasticity. insights resources will stimulate new approaches hypotheses help unravel processes create phenotypic

Language: Английский

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Molecular Evolution of the Major Arthropod Chemoreceptor Gene Families

Annual Review of Entomology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 64(1), P. 227 - 242

Published: Oct. 12, 2018

The evolutionary origins of the three major families chemoreceptors in arthropods-the odorant receptor (OR), gustatory (GR), and ionotropic (IR) families-occurred at base Insecta, Animalia, Protostomia, respectively. Comparison family sizes across arthropods reveals a generally positive correlation with their widely disparate complexity chemical ecology. Closely related species reveal ongoing processes gene evolution, including duplication, divergence, pseudogenization, loss, that mediate these larger patterns. Sets paralogous receptors within selection on amino acids regions likely to contribute ligand binding specificity. Ligands many ORs some GRs IRs have been identified; however, identification for more is needed, as are structures OR/GR superfamily, improve our understanding molecular evolution ecologically important arthropods.

Language: Английский

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Combining transcriptomes and ultraconserved elements to illuminate the phylogeny of Apidae

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 130, P. 121 - 131

Published: Oct. 13, 2018

Two increasingly popular approaches to reconstruct the Tree of Life involve whole transcriptome sequencing and target capture ultraconserved elements (UCEs). Both methods can be used generate large, multigene datasets for analysis phylogenetic relationships in non-model organisms. While targeted exon across divergent lineages is now a standard method, it still not clear if UCE data readily combined with published transcriptomes. In this study, we evaluate combination UCEs transcriptomes single using genome-, transcriptome-, 79 bees largest most biologically diverse bee family, Apidae. Using existing tools, first developed workflow assemble phylogenomic from different sources produced two large nucleotide matrices data. We then reconstructed phylogeny Apidae concatenation- coalescent-based methods, critically evaluated resulting phylogenies context previously genetic, genomic, morphological sets. Our estimated trees are robustly supported largely congruent previous molecular hypotheses, deep nodes shallow species-level phylogenies. Moreover, approach allows us resolve controversial apid Life, by clarifying among genera orchid (Euglossini) monophyly Centridini. Additionally, present novel evidence supporting clade cleptoparasitic placement enigmatic, oil-collecting (Ctenoplectra Tetrapedia). Lastly, propose revised classification family that reflects our improved understanding higher-level relationships.

Language: Английский

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Why sequence all eukaryotes?

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 119(4)

Published: Jan. 18, 2022

Life on Earth has evolved from initial simplicity to the astounding complexity we experience today. Bacteria and archaea have largely excelled in metabolic diversification, but eukaryotes additionally display abundant morphological innovation. How these innovations come about what constraints are there origins of novelty continuing maintenance biodiversity Earth? The history life code for working parts cells systems written genome. BioGenome Project proposed that genomes all extant, named eukaryotes—about 2 million species—should be sequenced high quality produce a digital library Earth, beginning with strategic phylogenetic, ecological, high-impact priorities. Here discuss why should sequence eukaryotic species, not just representative few scattered across many branches tree life. We suggest questions evolutionary ecological significance will only addressable when whole-genome data representing divergences at branchings or species natural ecosystems available. envisage genomic foster understanding ongoing processes speciation, adaptation, organismal dependencies within entire ecosystems. These explorations resolve long-standing problems phylogenetics, evolution, ecology, conservation, agriculture, bioindustry, medicine.

Language: Английский

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The evolutionary history of bees in time and space

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(16), P. 3409 - 3422.e6

Published: July 27, 2023

Language: Английский

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Climbing the social ladder: the molecular evolution of sociality

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 30(7), P. 426 - 433

Published: June 6, 2015

Language: Английский

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Molecular mechanisms of phenotypic plasticity in social insects

Current Opinion in Insect Science, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 13, P. 55 - 60

Published: Dec. 19, 2015

Language: Английский

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