Explosive Secondary Aerosol Formation during Severe Haze in the North China Plain

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 55(4), P. 2189 - 2207

Published: Feb. 4, 2021

Severe haze events with exceedingly high-levels of fine aerosols occur frequently over the past decades in North China Plain (NCP), exerting profound impacts on human health, weather, and climate. The development effective mitigation policies requires a comprehensive understanding formation mechanisms, including identification quantification sources, formation, transformation aerosol species. Haze evolution this region exhibits distinct physical chemical characteristics from clean to polluted periods, as evident increasing stagnation relative humidity, but decreasing solar radiation well explosive secondary formation. latter is attributed highly elevated concentrations precursor gases reflected by rapid increases particle number mass concentrations, both corresponding nonequilibrium processes. Considerable new knowledge has been acquired understand processes regulating particularly light progress elucidating mechanisms. This review synthesizes recent advances highlighting several critical chemical/physical processes, that is, growth driven photochemistry aqueous chemistry interaction between atmospheric stability. Current challenges future research priorities are also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Atmospheric new particle formation in China

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 19(1), P. 115 - 138

Published: Jan. 4, 2019

Abstract. New particle formation (NPF) studies in China were summarized comprehensively this paper. NPF frequency, rate, and growth rate closely compared among the observations carried out at different types of sites regions seasons, with aim exploring nucleation mechanisms. The interactions between air pollution are discussed, emphasizing properties under heavy conditions. current understanding cannot fully explain frequent occurrence high aerosol loadings China, possible reasons for phenomenon proposed. effects some aspects research requiring further investigation also

Language: Английский

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The Synergistic Role of Sulfuric Acid, Bases, and Oxidized Organics Governing New‐Particle Formation in Beijing

Geophysical Research Letters, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 48(7)

Published: March 22, 2021

Abstract Intense and frequent new particle formation (NPF) events have been observed in polluted urban environments, yet the dominant mechanisms are still under debate. To understand key species governing processes of NPF we conducted comprehensive measurements downtown Beijing during January–March, 2018. We performed detailed analyses on sulfuric acid cluster composition budget, as well chemical physical properties oxidized organic molecules (OOMs). Our results demonstrate that fast clustering (H 2 SO 4 ) base triggered events, OOMs further helped grow newly formed particles toward climate‐ health‐relevant sizes. This synergistic role H , species, is likely representative environments where abundant usually co‐exist, with moderately low volatility when produced high NO x concentrations.

Language: Английский

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Sulfuric acid–amine nucleation in urban Beijing

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 21(4), P. 2457 - 2468

Published: Feb. 18, 2021

Abstract. New particle formation (NPF) is one of the major sources atmospheric ultrafine particles. Due to high aerosol and trace gas concentrations, mechanism governing factors for NPF in polluted boundary layer may be quite different from those clean environments, which however less understood. Herein, based on long-term measurements January 2018 March 2019 Beijing, nucleation influences H2SO4 concentration, amine concentration are quantified. The collision H2SO4–amine clusters found dominating initialize urban Beijing. coagulation scavenging due a factor as it limits new rates. Beijing sometimes limited by low concentrations. Summarizing synergistic effects we elucidate various conditions.

Language: Английский

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Overview of measurements and current instrumentation for 1–10 nm aerosol particle number size distributions

Journal of Aerosol Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 148, P. 105584 - 105584

Published: May 30, 2020

Interest in understanding gas-to-particle phase transformation several disciplines such as atmospheric sciences, material synthesis, and combustion has led to the development of distinct instruments that can measure particle size distributions down sizes large molecules molecular clusters, at which initial formation growth takes place. These instruments, include condensation counter battery, a variety electrical mobility spectrometers magnifier, have been usually characterized laboratory experiments using carefully prepared calibration aerosols. They are then applied, alone or combination, study transition produce particles with wide range compositions other properties. Only few instrument intercomparisons either field conditions reported, raising question: how accurately sub-10 nm number be measured currently available instrumentation? Here, we review previous studies least two independent instruments. We present recent data from three sites deploy current state-of-the-art instrumentation: Hyytiälä, Beijing, CLOUD chamber. After discussing status distribution measurements, comprehensive uncertainty analysis for these methods suggests our on sources uncertainties quite well captures observed deviations between different measurements. Finally, based characteristics systems conversion place, instrumental limitations, suggest guidelines selecting suitable various applications.

Language: Английский

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Open ocean and coastal new particle formation from sulfuric acid and amines around the Antarctic Peninsula

Nature Geoscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 383 - 388

Published: May 13, 2021

Language: Английский

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Phenomenology of ultrafine particle concentrations and size distribution across urban Europe

Environment International, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 172, P. 107744 - 107744

Published: Jan. 13, 2023

The 2017–2019 hourly particle number size distributions (PNSD) from 26 sites in Europe and 1 the US were evaluated focusing on 16 urban background (UB) 6 traffic (TR) framework of Research Infrastructures services reinforcing air quality monitoring capacities European URBAN & industrial areaS (RI-URBANS) project. main objective was to describe phenomenology ultrafine particles (UFP) with a significant focus. varying lower detection limits made it difficult compare PN concentrations (PNC), particularly PN10-25, different cities. PNCs follow TR > UB Suburban (SUB) order. PNC Black Carbon (BC) progressively increase Northern Southern Western Eastern Europe. At sites, typical rush hour peaks are evident, many also showing midday-morning anti-correlated BC. These result increased suggesting contributions nucleation, fumigation shipping. Site types be identified by daily seasonal BC patterns are: (i) mainly driven emissions, marked correlations time scales; (ii) midday/morning anti-correlation PNC/BC; (iii) both midday without patterns. Groups included cities high insolation. PNC, especially PN25-800, positively correlated BC, NO2, CO PM for several sites. variable correlation PNSD pollutants demonstrates that these do not reflect variability UFP environments. Specific is needed if nanoparticles their associated health impacts assessed. Implementation CEN-ACTRIS recommendations measurements would provide comparable measurements, <10 nm full evaluation effects this fraction.

Language: Английский

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Challenges and perspectives of air pollution control in China

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(6)

Published: April 20, 2024

Abstract Air pollution is one of the most challenging environmental issues in world. China has achieved remarkable success improving air quality last decade as a result aggressive control policies. However, average fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) concentration still about six times World Health Organization (WHO) Global Quality Guidelines (AQG) and causing significant human health risks. Extreme emission reductions multiple pollutants are required for to achieve AQG. Here we identify major challenges future improvement propose corresponding strategies. The main include persistently high risk attributed PM pollution, excessively loose standards, coordinated greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions emerging pollutants. To further improve protect health, health-oriented strategy shall be implemented by tightening standards well optimizing reduction pathways based on risks various sources. In meantime, an “one-atmosphere” concept adopted strengthen synergistic GHGs non-combustion sources enhanced.

Language: Английский

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Global variability in atmospheric new particle formation mechanisms

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 631(8019), P. 98 - 105

Published: June 12, 2024

A key challenge in aerosol pollution studies and climate change assessment is to understand how atmospheric particles are initially formed

Language: Английский

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Continuous and comprehensive atmospheric observations in Beijing: a station to understand the complex urban atmospheric environment

Big Earth Data, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 4(3), P. 295 - 321

Published: July 2, 2020

Due to profound impact on climate and human health, air quality has attracted attention from all levels of the civil society. The key step in provision required tools for society tackle complex problem is characterize it a comprehensive manner with long-term perspective. Here, we describe continuous observation station its accompanying state-of-the-art instrumentation that was established investigate urban atmospheric environment rapidly developing Chinese Megacity. station, located downtown Beijing, aims study by identifying major pollutants processes determining their formation loss mechanisms. A few hundreds parameters are continuously measured instruments, including trace gas concentrations, aerosol particle size distributions, mass covering chemical composition molecules micrometer-sized particles. This produced long-term, big data around 1×1011 bytes per year. In this paper, provide an overview facilities used, workflow observations examples results 2018 2019 basis establishing modern other megacities.

Language: Английский

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