Durability of Immune Response After COVID-19 Booster Vaccination and Association With COVID-19 Omicron Infection

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(9), P. e2231778 - e2231778

Published: Sept. 15, 2022

The BNT162b2 two-dose vaccine (BioNTech/Pfizer) has high effectiveness that wanes within several months. third dose is effective in mounting a significant immune response, but its durability unknown.To compare antibody waning after second and doses estimate the association of kinetics with susceptibility to infection Omicron variant SARS-CoV-2.In prospective longitudinal cohort study tertiary medical center Israel, health care workers who received were followed up monthly for IgG neutralizing levels. Linear mixed models used titer assess whether dynamics associated transmission. Avidity, T cell activation, microneutralization sera against different variants concern assessed subgroup.Vaccination booster vaccine.The primary outcome was rate change over time, secondary SARS-CoV-2 infection, as confirmed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.Overall, 4868 (mean [SD] age, 46.9 [13.7] years; 3558 [73.1%] women) 3972 48.5 [14.1] 996 [74.9%] 5 months their doses, respectively. Waning levels slower compared (1.32%/d [95% CI, 1,29%/d 1.36%/d] vs 2.26% 2.13%/d 2.38%/d]), 1.21%/d 1.43%/d] 3.34%/d 3.11%/d 3.58%/d]). Among 2865 incidence during an additional 2 follow-up, lower peak (ratio means 0.86 0.80-0.91]) among participants aged 65 years older, faster antibodies mean rates, 1.40; 1.13-1.68] 3.58 1.92-6.67], respectively) infection. No avidity observed 112 days dose. Live neutralization previous strains, geometric at 111 (95% 75-166), 942 585-1518) WT, 410 266-634) Delta; it demonstrated similar 26 16-42) 4 77 tested activity, (SD) activity decreased from 98 (5.4) cells/106 peripheral blood mononuclear cells 59 (9.3) cells.This found greater than dose; however, resistance wild type Delta concern. Humoral response

Language: Английский

---

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron-neutralizing memory B cells are elicited by two doses of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine

Science Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(70)

Published: Feb. 3, 2022

Multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants have mutations in the spike receptor binding domain (RBD) with potential to evade neutralizing antibody. In particular, Beta and Omicron escape from antibody activity those who received two doses of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. Nonetheless, boosting a third vaccine dose or by breakthrough infection improves overall breadth antibodies, but mechanism remains unclear. Here, we longitudinally profiled cellular composition RBD-binding memory B cell subsets their against after second Two elicited plasma antibodies limited induced an expanded overtime, up 4.9 months vaccination. contrast, more than one-third IgG+ cells resting phenotype initially bound steadily increased overtime. As result, fraction subset secreted Omicron-neutralizing when stimulated vitro. The helps us understand prominent recall additional booster fully vaccinated individuals.

Language: Английский

---

Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) and its sublineages: What do we know so far amid the emergence of recombinant variants of SARS-CoV-2?

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 154, P. 113522 - 113522

Published: Aug. 15, 2022

Since the start of COVID-19 pandemic, numerous variants SARS-CoV-2 have been reported worldwide. The advent concern (VOCs) raises severe concerns amid serious containment efforts against that include physical measures, pharmacological repurposing, immunization, and genomic/community surveillance. Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) has identified as a highly modified, contagious, crucial among five VOCs SARS-CoV-2. increased affinity spike protein (S-protein), host receptor, angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2), due to higher number mutations in receptor-binding domain (RBD) S-protein proposed primary reason for decreased efficacy majorly available vaccines transmissible nature variant. Because its significant competitive advantage, sublineages swiftly surpassed other become dominant circulating lineages nations. prevalent strain United Kingdom South Africa. Furthermore, emergence recombinant through conjunction with or by mixing variant's sublineages/subvariants poses major threat humanity. This various issues hazards regarding sublineages, such an breakout susceptible populations fully vaccinated persons. As result, understanding features genetic implications this is crucial. Hence, we explained depth evolution analyzed repercussions on infectiousness, dissemination ability, viral entry mechanism, immune evasion. We also presented viewpoint feasible strategies precluding counteracting any future catastrophic spread omicron could result detrimental wave cases.

Language: Английский

---

Antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants induced by four different SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in health care workers in the Netherlands: A prospective cohort study

PLoS Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(5), P. e1003991 - e1003991

Published: May 17, 2022

Emerging and future SARS-CoV-2 variants may jeopardize the effectiveness of vaccination campaigns. Therefore, it is important to know how different vaccines perform against diverse variants.

Language: Английский

---

Mutations in SARS-CoV-2: Insights on structure, variants, vaccines, and biomedical interventions

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 157, P. 113977 - 113977

Published: Nov. 7, 2022

COVID-19 is a worldwide pandemic caused by SARS-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Less than year after the emergence of Covid-19 pandemic, many vaccines have arrived on market with innovative technologies in field vaccinology. Based use messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding Spike SARS-Cov-2 protein or recombinant adenovirus vectors enabling gene to be introduced into our cells, these strategies make it possible envisage vaccination new light tools that are more scalable vaccine used so far. Faced appearance variants, which will gradually take precedence over strain at origin allow much faster update fight against some may escape neutralization antibodies. However, only policy based rapid and massive population but requiring supply sufficient doses could combat variants. Indeed, greater number infected individuals, virus multiplies, an increased risk variants viruses. This review discuss SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology evolution approaches altered transmission platforms emphasize different mutations how they influence characteristics. Also, this article summarizes common implication genetic variety biomedical arbitrations.

Language: Английский

---