American Journal of Cancer Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(5), P. 2626 - 2642
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Immunotherapy,
in
the
shape
of
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors
(ICIs),
has
completely
changed
treatment
cancer.
However,
increasing
expense
and
frequency
immune-related
side
effects,
which
are
frequently
associated
with
combination
antibody
therapies
Fc
fragment
antibody,
have
limited
patient's
ability
to
benefit
from
these
treatments.
Herein,
we
presented
therapeutic
effects
plasmid-encoded
PD-1
CTLA-4
scFvs
(single-chain
variable
fragment)
for
melanoma
Nature,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
633(8028), P. 165 - 173
Published: Aug. 14, 2024
The
intimate
relationship
between
the
epithelium
and
immune
system
is
crucial
for
maintaining
tissue
homeostasis,
with
perturbations
therein
linked
to
autoimmune
disease
cancer
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: June 5, 2024
The
occurrence
of
ovarian
cancer
(OC)
is
a
major
factor
in
women’s
mortality
rates.
Despite
progress
medical
treatments,
like
new
drugs
targeting
homologous
recombination
deficiency,
survival
rates
for
OC
patients
are
still
not
ideal.
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
includes
cells,
fibroblasts
linked
to
(CAFs),
immune-inflammatory
and
the
substances
these
cells
secrete,
along
with
non-cellular
components
extracellular
matrix
(ECM).
First,
TME
mainly
plays
role
inhibiting
growth
protecting
normal
cell
survival.
As
tumors
progress,
gradually
becomes
place
promote
progression.
Immune
have
attracted
much
attention
as
targets
immunotherapy.
checkpoint
inhibitor
(ICI)
therapy
has
potential
regulate
TME,
suppressing
factors
that
facilitate
advancement,
reactivating
immune
managing
growth,
extending
advanced
cancer.
This
review
presents
an
outline
current
studies
on
distinct
cellular
elements
within
detailing
their
main
functions
possible
signaling
pathways.
Additionally,
we
examine
immunotherapy
rechallenge
OC,
specific
emphasis
biological
reasons
behind
resistance
ICIs.
Advanced Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 21, 2025
Abstract
Current
treatments
for
ulcerative
colitis
(UC)
remain
limited,
highlighting
the
need
novel
therapeutic
strategies.
Trilobatin
(TLB),
a
naturally
derived
food
additive,
exhibits
potential
anti‐inflammatory
properties.
In
this
study,
dextran
sulfate
sodium
(DSS)‐induced
animal
model
is
used
to
investigate
effects
of
TLB
on
UC.
It
found
significantly
alleviates
DSS‐induced
UC
in
mice,
as
evidenced
by
reduction
disease
activity
index,
an
increase
colon
length,
improvement
histopathological
lesions.
Furthermore,
treatment
results
decrease
proinflammatory
cytokines
and
cytokines.
mitigates
modulating
intestinal
microbiota,
particularly
Akkermansia
,
which
enhances
tryptophan
metabolism
upregulates
production
xanthurenic
acid
(XANA).
To
confirm
role
TLB‐induced
microbiota
changes,
experiments
are
performed
with
pseudogerm‐free
mice
fecal
transplantation.
also
identified
XANA
key
metabolite
that
mediates
TLB's
protective
effects.
Both
markedly
activate
aromatic
hydrocarbon
receptor
(AhR).
Administration
AhR
antagonist
abrogates
their
effects,
thereby
confirming
involvement
underlying
mechanism.
conclusion,
study
reveals
mechanism
through
correcting
imbalances,
regulating
metabolism,
enhancing
production,
activating
AhR.
ABSTRACT
The
transplantation
of
allogeneic
hematopoietic
stem
cells
is
a
potentially
curative
treatment
for
hematological
malignancies,
inherited
blood
disorders
and
immune
deficiencies.
Unfortunately,
30-50%
patients
receiving
will
develop
life-threatening
inflammatory
disease
called
acute
graft-versus-host
(aGVHD).
In
with
aGVHD,
graft-associated
T
cells,
which
typically
target
the
skin,
intestinal
tract
liver,
can
also
damage
lungs
lymphoid
tissue.
Damage
to
tissue
creates
prolonged
immunodeficiency
that
markedly
increases
risk
infections
bleeding,
resulting
in
considerable
morbidity
mortality.
Although
mouse
models
aGVHD
have
been
instrumental
our
understanding
this
condition's
pathogenesis,
translation
preclinical
data
into
new
more
effective
treatments
human
has
limited
reasons
remain
be
fully
understood.
However,
evidence
suggests
factors
associated
likely
contribute
these
unsatisfactory
results.
Review,
we
identify
discuss
specific
inherent
may
limit
patient
treatment,
suggest
how
improve
translatability
models.
