Vaccines elicit highly conserved cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron

Nature, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 603(7901), P. 493 - 496

Published: Jan. 31, 2022

Abstract The highly mutated SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant has been shown to evade a substantial fraction of neutralizing antibody responses elicited by current vaccines that encode the WA1/2020 spike protein 1 . Cellular immune responses, particularly CD8 + T cell probably contribute protection against severe infection 2–6 Here we show cellular immunity induced is conserved protein. Individuals who received Ad26.COV2.S or BNT162b2 demonstrated durable spike-specific and CD4 which showed extensive cross-reactivity both Delta variants, including in central effector memory subpopulations. Median were 82–84% responses. These data provide immunological context for observation still robust disease with despite substantially reduced 7,8

Language: Английский

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Unadjuvanted intranasal spike vaccine elicits protective mucosal immunity against sarbecoviruses

Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 378(6622)

Published: Oct. 27, 2022

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has highlighted the need for vaccines that not only prevent disease but also transmission. Parenteral induce robust systemic immunity poor at mucosa. We developed a vaccine strategy we call "prime and spike," which leverages existing generated by primary vaccination (prime) to elicit mucosal immune memory within tract using unadjuvanted intranasal spike boosters (spike). show prime induces resident B T cell responses, immunoglobulin A mucosa, boosts immunity, completely protects mice with partial from lethal SARS-CoV-2 infection. Using divergent proteins, enables induction of cross-reactive against sarbecoviruses.

Language: Английский

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Correlates of protection against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and COVID‐19 disease

Immunological Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 310(1), P. 6 - 26

Published: June 5, 2022

Antibodies against epitopes in S1 give the most accurate CoP infection by SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Measurement of those antibodies neutralization or binding assays both have predictive value, with antibody titers giving highest statistical correlation. However, protective functions are multiple. multiple other than influence efficacy. The role cellular responses can be discerned respect to CD4

Language: Английский

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The germinal centre B cell response to SARS-CoV-2

Nature reviews. Immunology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(1), P. 7 - 18

Published: Dec. 6, 2021

The germinal centre (GC) response is critical for the generation of affinity-matured plasma cells and memory B capable mediating long-term protective immunity. Understanding whether severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection or vaccination elicits a GC has profound implications capacity responding to contribute protection against infection. However, direct assessment in humans remains major challenge. Here we summarize emerging evidence importance establishment durable broad immunity SARS-CoV-2 discuss new approaches modulate better protect newly variants. We also findings showing that cell persists draining lymph nodes at least 6 months some individuals following with mRNA-based vaccines. In this Review, Brian Laidlaw Ali Ellebedy outline our current understanding its establishing virus. They consider responses seen how may be modulated induce variants SARS-CoV-2.

Language: Английский

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Immunological memory to SARS‐CoV ‐2 infection and COVID ‐19 vaccines

Immunological Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 310(1), P. 27 - 46

Published: June 22, 2022

Immunological memory is the basis of protective immunity provided by vaccines and previous infections. can develop from multiple branches adaptive immune system, including CD4 T cells, CD8 B long-lasting antibody responses. Extraordinary progress has been made in understanding to SARS-CoV-2 infection COVID-19 vaccines, addressing development; quantitative qualitative features different cellular anatomical compartments; durability each component antibodies. Given sophistication measurements; size human studies; use longitudinal samples cross-sectional head-to-head comparisons between or for 1 year already supersedes that any other acute infectious disease. This knowledge may help inform public policies regarding as well scientific development future against diseases.

Language: Английский

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Imprinted SARS-CoV-2-specific memory lymphocytes define hybrid immunity

Cell, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 185(9), P. 1588 - 1601.e14

Published: March 17, 2022

Language: Английский

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CD4+ T cell memory

Nature Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(6), P. 903 - 914

Published: May 8, 2023

Language: Английский

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Mucosal immune responses to infection and vaccination in the respiratory tract

Immunity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 55(5), P. 749 - 780

Published: May 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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The humoral response and antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 infection

Nature Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(7), P. 1008 - 1020

Published: June 27, 2022

Language: Английский

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Immuno-proteomic profiling reveals aberrant immune cell regulation in the airways of individuals with ongoing post-COVID-19 respiratory disease

Immunity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 55(3), P. 542 - 556.e5

Published: Jan. 26, 2022

Some patients hospitalized with acute COVID-19 suffer respiratory symptoms that persist for many months. We delineated the immune-proteomic landscape in airways and peripheral blood of healthy controls post-COVID-19 3 to 6 months after hospital discharge. Post-COVID-19 showed abnormal airway (but not plasma) proteomes, an elevated concentration proteins associated apoptosis, tissue repair, epithelial injury versus individuals. Increased numbers cytotoxic lymphocytes were observed individuals greater dysfunction, while increased B cell altered monocyte subsets more widespread lung abnormalities. A one-year follow-up some indicated these abnormalities resolved over time. In summary, causes a prolonged change immune those persistent disease, evidence death repair linked ongoing activation T cells.

Language: Английский

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