Antibiotic resistance in microbes: History, mechanisms, therapeutic strategies and future prospects

Journal of Infection and Public Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(12), P. 1750 - 1766

Published: Oct. 25, 2021

Antibiotics have been used to cure bacterial infections for more than 70 years, and these low-molecular-weight bioactive agents also a variety of other medicinal applications. In the battle against microbes, antibiotics certainly blessing human civilization by saving millions lives. Globally, caused multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are on rise. being combat diversified infections. Synthetic biology techniques, in combination with molecular, functional genomic, metagenomic studies bacteria, plants, even marine invertebrates aimed at unlocking world's natural products faster previous methods antibiotic discovery. There currently only few viable remedies, potential preventive limited number antibiotics, thereby necessitating discovery innovative approaches antimicrobial therapies. MDR is facilitated biofilms, which makes infection control complex. this review, we spotlighted comprehensively various aspects viz. overview era, mode actions development mechanisms resistance future strategies fight emerging resistant threat.

Language: Английский

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Bacteriophage-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii are resensitized to antimicrobials

Nature Microbiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 6(2), P. 157 - 161

Published: Jan. 11, 2021

Language: Английский

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Vibrio and major commercially important vibriosis diseases in decapod crustaceans

Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 181, P. 107527 - 107527

Published: Jan. 3, 2021

Bacteria fromthe Vibriogenus are autochthonous to aquatic environments and ubiquitous in aquaculture production systems. Many Vibrio species non-pathogenic can be commonly found healthy farmed animals. However, some strains pathogenic leading a variety of 'vibriosis' diseases. These diseases have significant negative impact on animal production, including crustaceans such as shrimps, lobsters, crabs. As such, vibriosis pose threat meeting growing food demand global security. Preventive management is essential avoid the onset vibriosis. This includes robust health plan, use prophylaxis treatment measures, enhancing through nutrition. Furthermore, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, quorum sensing disruption, green water, biofloc, bacteriophages, immune priming could also play role preventing controlling outbreak. review aims inform update reader about current state knowledge associated (i.e. shrimp, lobster, crabs). will identify potential gaps literature, which serves basis for future research priorities.

Language: Английский

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Current challenges and future opportunities of phage therapy

FEMS Microbiology Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 44(6), P. 684 - 700

Published: May 29, 2020

Antibiotic resistance is a major public health challenge worldwide, whose implications for global might be devastating if novel antibacterial strategies are not quickly developed. As natural predators of bacteria, (bacterio)phages may play an essential role in escaping such dreadful future. The rising problem antibiotic has revived the interest phage therapy and important developments have been achieved over last years. But where do we stand today what can expect from future? This question set to answer this review. Here, scour outcomes human clinical trials case reports, address barriers that way using phages settings. We particularly potential hinder discuss future avenues explore full capacity therapy.

Language: Английский

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Antibiotic resistance genes in bacteria: Occurrence, spread, and control

Journal of Basic Microbiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 61(12), P. 1049 - 1070

Published: Oct. 14, 2021

Abstract The production and use of antibiotics are becoming increasingly common worldwide, the problem antibiotic resistance is increasing alarmingly. Drug‐resistant infections threaten human life health impose a heavy burden on global economy. origin molecular basis bacterial presence genes (ARGs). Investigations ARGs mostly focus environments in which frequently used, such as hospitals farms. This literature review summarizes current knowledge occurrence antibiotic‐resistant bacteria nonclinical environments, air, aircraft wastewater, migratory bird feces, sea areas in‐depth, have rarely been involved previous studies. Furthermore, mechanism action plasmid phage during horizontal gene transfer was analyzed, transmission summarized. highlights new mechanisms that enhance evolutionary background multidrug resistance; addition, some promising points for controlling or reducing spread antimicrobial also proposed.

Language: Английский

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A catalog of tens of thousands of viruses from human metagenomes reveals hidden associations with chronic diseases

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 118(23)

Published: June 3, 2021

Significance Mechanisms of many human chronic diseases involve abnormal action the immune system and/or altered metabolism. The microbiome, an important regulator metabolic and immune-related phenotypes, has been shown to be associated with or participate in development a variety diseases. Viruses bacteria (i.e., “phages”) are ubiquitous mysterious, several studies have that phages exert great control over behavior—and misbehavior—of their host bacteria. This study uses techniques discover analyze 45,000 viruses bodies. abundance 2,000 specific is found correlate common

Language: Английский

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Phage Therapy for Limb-threatening Prosthetic KneeKlebsiella pneumoniaeInfection: Case Report and In Vitro Characterization of Anti-biofilm Activity

Clinical Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 73(1), P. e144 - e151

Published: June 2, 2020

Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a potentially limb-threatening complication of total knee arthroplasty. Phage therapy promising strategy to manage such infections including those involving antibiotic-resistant microbes, and target microbial biofilms. Experience with phage for associated retained hardware limited. A 62-year-old diabetic man history right arthroplasty 11 years prior who had suffered multiple episodes prosthetic despite numerous surgeries prolonged courses antibiotics, progressive clinical worsening development severe allergies been offered limb amputation persistent due Klebsiella pneumoniae complex. Intravenous was initiated as limb-salvaging intervention.The patient received 40 intravenous doses single (KpJH46Φ2) targeting his bacterial isolate, alongside continued minocycline (which he receiving when developed increasing pain, swelling, erythema initiation therapy). Serial cytokine biomarker measurements were performed before, during, after treatment. The in vitro anti-biofilm activity KpJH46Φ2, the combination thereof evaluated against preformed biofilm patient's isolate determined by safranin staining.Phage resulted resolution local symptoms signs recovery function. did not experience treatment-related adverse effects remained asymptomatic 34 weeks completing treatment while still minocycline. trend biomass reduction noted 22 hours exposure KpJH46Φ2 (P = .063). addition satisfactory outcome this case intractable biofilm-associated infection. Pending further studies assess its efficacy safety, holds promise device-associated infections.

Language: Английский

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Reprogramming Bacteriophage Host Range through Structure-Guided Design of Chimeric Receptor Binding Proteins

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 29(5), P. 1336 - 1350.e4

Published: Oct. 1, 2019

Highlights•Adaptation of Listeria phage serovar specificity through targeted RBP variations•High-resolution crystal structure a receptor binding protein•Structure-guided design chimeras yields phages with predictable host ranges•Synthetic RBPs extend (from SV 4b to 4a, 4b, 4d, 5, 6b)SummaryBacteriophages provide excellent tools for diagnostics, remediation, and microbiome manipulation, yet isolating viruses suitable remains challenging. Using PSA, we present synthetic biology blueprint host-range engineering modification serovar-specific proteins (RBPs). We identify Gp15 as the PSA construct library featuring sequence-randomized RBPs, from which range mutants are isolated subsequently integrated into synthetic, polyvalent extended range. To enable rational chimeric determine receptor-binding carboxyl terminus at 1.7-Å resolution employ bioinformatics compatible, prophage-encoded targeting different serovars. Structure-guided enables exchange heterologous head, neck, or shoulder domains generate ranges. These strategies will facilitate development biologics based on standardized virus scaffolds tunable specificities.Graphical abstract

Language: Английский

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Systematic exploration of Escherichia coli phage–host interactions with the BASEL phage collection

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 19(11), P. e3001424 - e3001424

Published: Nov. 16, 2021

Bacteriophages, the viruses infecting bacteria, hold great potential for treatment of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections and other applications due to their unparalleled diversity recent breakthroughs in genetic engineering. However, fundamental knowledge molecular mechanisms underlying phage–host interactions is mostly confined a few traditional model systems did not keep pace with massive expansion field. The true biology encoded by these has therefore remained largely untapped, phages therapy or are often still selected empirically. We sought promote systematic exploration composing well-assorted library 68 newly isolated organism Escherichia coli that we share community as BASEL (BActeriophage SElection your Laboratory) collection. This collection representative natural E . phage was intensively characterized phenotypically genomically alongside 10 well-studied phages. experimentally determined essential host receptors all phages, quantified sensitivity 11 defense across different layers immunity, matched results phages’ range panel pathogenic enterobacterial strains. Clear patterns distribution phenotypes genomic features highlighted differences potency immunity suggested basis receptor specificity several groups. Our also indicate strong trade-offs between fitness traits like broad recognition resistance might drive divergent adaptation groups specific ecological niches. envision will inspire future work exploring bacteriophages hosts facilitating discovery an effective translation into biotechnology therapeutic applications.

Language: Английский

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The Safety and Toxicity of Phage Therapy: A Review of Animal and Clinical Studies

Viruses, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(7), P. 1268 - 1268

Published: June 29, 2021

Increasing rates of infection by antibiotic resistant bacteria have led to a resurgence interest in bacteriophage (phage) therapy. Several phage therapy studies animals and humans been completed over the last two decades. We conducted systematic review safety toxicity data associated with both reported English language publications from 2008–2021. Overall, 69 met our eligibility criteria including 20 animal studies, 35 clinical case reports or series, 14 trials. After summarizing these publications, we discuss potential approaches optimize monitoring therapeutic use moving forward. In literature, found some adverse events therapy, but serious were extremely rare. Comprehensive standardized reporting toxicities has generally lacking published literature. Structured tolerability endpoints are necessary when phages administered as anti-infective therapeutics.

Language: Английский

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