Natural Anti-biofilm Agents: Strategies to Control Biofilm-Forming Pathogens

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Oct. 29, 2020

Pathogenic microorganisms and their chronic pathogenicity are significant concerns in biomedical research. Biofilm-linked persistent infections not easy to treat due resident multidrug-resistant microbes. Low efficiency of various treatments in-vivo toxicity available antibiotics drives the researchers towards discovery many effective natural anti-biofilm agents. Natural extracts, product-based agents more efficient than chemically synthesized counterparts with lesser side effects. The present review primarily focuses on agents, i.e. phytochemicals, biosurfactants, antimicrobial peptides microbial enzymes along sources, mechanism action via interfering quorum-sensing pathways, disruption extracellular polymeric substance, adhesion inhibitory concentrations existing literature so far. This study provides a better understanding that particular molecule exhibit different mode actions biofilm activity against one pathogenic species. information can be exploited further improve therapeutic strategy by combination compounds from diverse sources.

Language: Английский

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Systematic exploration of Escherichia coli phage–host interactions with the BASEL phage collection

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 19(11), P. e3001424 - e3001424

Published: Nov. 16, 2021

Bacteriophages, the viruses infecting bacteria, hold great potential for treatment of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections and other applications due to their unparalleled diversity recent breakthroughs in genetic engineering. However, fundamental knowledge molecular mechanisms underlying phage–host interactions is mostly confined a few traditional model systems did not keep pace with massive expansion field. The true biology encoded by these has therefore remained largely untapped, phages therapy or are often still selected empirically. We sought promote systematic exploration composing well-assorted library 68 newly isolated organism Escherichia coli that we share community as BASEL (BActeriophage SElection your Laboratory) collection. This collection representative natural E . phage was intensively characterized phenotypically genomically alongside 10 well-studied phages. experimentally determined essential host receptors all phages, quantified sensitivity 11 defense across different layers immunity, matched results phages’ range panel pathogenic enterobacterial strains. Clear patterns distribution phenotypes genomic features highlighted differences potency immunity suggested basis receptor specificity several groups. Our also indicate strong trade-offs between fitness traits like broad recognition resistance might drive divergent adaptation groups specific ecological niches. envision will inspire future work exploring bacteriophages hosts facilitating discovery an effective translation into biotechnology therapeutic applications.

Language: Английский

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Engineered Bacteriophage Therapeutics: Rationale, Challenges and Future

BioDrugs, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 35(3), P. 255 - 280

Published: April 21, 2021

The current problems with increasing bacterial resistance to antibacterial therapies, resulting in a growing frequency of incurable infections, necessitates the acceleration studies on antibacterials new generation that could offer an alternative antibiotics or support their action. Bacteriophages (phages) can kill antibiotic-sensitive as well antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and thus are major subject such studies. Their efficacy curing infections has been demonstrated vivo experiments clinic. Unlike antibiotics, phages have narrow range specificity, which makes them safe for commensal microbiota. However, targeting even only most clinically relevant strains pathogenic bacteria requires large collections characterized phages, whose specificity would cover all strains. environment is rich source diverse but due complex relationships safety concerns, some naturally occurring be considered therapeutic applications. Still, number diversity make detailed characterization potentially promising virtually impossible. Moreover, no single phage combines features required ideal agent. Additionally, rapid acquisition by may already approved therapy ineffective turn search environmental better into endless race. An strategy acquiring desired properties short time minimal cost regarding acquisition, characterization, approval based targeted genome modifications isolates known properties. first example demonstrating potential this diseases resistant traditional recent successful treatment progressing disseminated Mycobacterium abscessus infection teenage patient use engineered phage. In review, we briefly present methods genetic engineering, highlighting advantages disadvantages, provide examples genetically modified host range, improved activity, proven efficacy. We also summarize novel uses not killing situ modification human microbiota attenuate symptoms certain metabolic, immune, mental disorders.

Language: Английский

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Current Clinical Landscape and Global Potential of Bacteriophage Therapy

Viruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 1020 - 1020

Published: April 21, 2023

In response to the global spread of antimicrobial resistance, there is an increased demand for novel and innovative antimicrobials. Bacteriophages have been known their potential clinical utility in lysing bacteria almost a century. Social pressures concomitant introduction antibiotics mid-1900s hindered widespread adoption these naturally occurring bactericides. Recently, however, phage therapy has re-emerged as promising strategy combatting resistance. A unique mechanism action cost-effective production promotes phages ideal solution addressing antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections, particularly lower- middle-income countries. As number phage-related research labs worldwide continues grow, it will be increasingly important encourage expansion well-developed trials, standardization storage cocktails, advancement international collaboration. this review, we discuss history, benefits, limitations bacteriophage its current role setting resistance with specific focus on active trials case reports administration.

Language: Английский

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Alternative therapeutic strategies to treat antibiotic-resistant pathogens

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(5), P. 262 - 275

Published: Dec. 11, 2023

Language: Английский

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Personalized bacteriophage therapy to treat pandrug-resistant spinal Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: July 22, 2022

Abstract Bone and joint infections (BJI) are one of the most difficult-to-treat bacterial infection, especially in era antimicrobial resistance. Lytic bacteriophages (phages for short) natural viruses that can selectively target kill bacteria. They considered to have a high therapeutic potential treatment severe BJI, as they also biofilms. Here we report on management patient with pandrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa spinal abscess who was treated surgery personalized combination phage therapy added antibiotics. As infecting P. strain resistant phages developed by private companies were contacted, set up unique European academic collaboration find, produce administer cocktail due time. After two surgeries, despite persistence expression small colony variants, healed local intravenous injections purified adjuvant therapy.

Language: Английский

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Translating phage therapy into the clinic: Recent accomplishments but continuing challenges

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(5), P. e3002119 - e3002119

Published: May 23, 2023

Phage therapy is a medical form of biological control bacterial infections, one that uses naturally occurring viruses, called bacteriophages or phages, as antibacterial agents. Pioneered over 100 years ago, phage nonetheless currently experiencing resurgence in interest, with growing numbers clinical case studies being published. This renewed enthusiasm due large part to holding promise for providing safe and effective cures infections traditional antibiotics acting alone have been unable clear. Essay introduces basic biology, provides an outline the long history therapy, highlights some advantages using phages agents, overview recent successes. Although has clear potential, it faces biological, regulatory, economic challenges its further implementation more mainstream acceptance.

Language: Английский

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Global Strategies to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance: A One Health Perspective

Pharmacology &amp Pharmacy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(08), P. 271 - 328

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health challenge that has escalated due to the inappropriate use of antimicrobials in humans, animals, and environment. Developing implementing strategies reduce combat AMR critical. Purpose: This study aimed highlight some can be implemented address using One Health approach. Methods: employed narrative review design included studies published from January 2002 July 2023. The searched for literature on antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) PubMed Google Scholar 2020 PRISMA guidelines. Results: reveals remains significant public problem. Its severity been markedly exacerbated by broader ecological Several have developed AMR, including Global Action Plan (GAP), National Plans (NAPs), AMS programs, implementation AWaRe classification antimicrobials. These also involve strengthening surveillance consumption resistance, encouraging development new antimicrobials, enhancing regulations around prescribing, dispensing, usage. Additional measures include promoting partnerships, combating substandard falsified advocating vaccinations, sanitation, hygiene biosecurity, as well exploring alternatives However, these faces various challenges. challenges low awareness knowledge shortage human resources capacity building AMS, adequate funding initiatives, limited laboratory capacities surveillance, behavioural change issues, ineffective leadership multidisciplinary teams. Conclusion: In conclusion, this established prevalent among Successfully addressing calls collaborative, multifaceted Despite this, gaps remain effectively currently recommended AMR. As result, it essential reinforce are deployed counter across human, animal, environmental sectors.

Language: Английский

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Molecular Aspects of the Functioning of Pathogenic Bacteria Biofilm Based on Quorum Sensing (QS) Signal-Response System and Innovative Non-Antibiotic Strategies for Their Elimination

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(5), P. 2655 - 2655

Published: Feb. 24, 2024

One of the key mechanisms enabling bacterial cells to create biofilms and regulate crucial life functions in a global highly synchronized way is communication system called quorum sensing (QS). QS cell-to-cell process that depends on population density mediated by small signalling molecules autoinducers (AIs). In bacteria, controls biofilm formation through regulation gene expression involved extracellular polymeric matrix (EPS) synthesis, virulence factor production, stress tolerance metabolic adaptation. Forming one antimicrobial resistance (AMR). A common feature human pathogens ability form biofilm, which poses serious medical issue due their high susceptibility traditional antibiotics. Because associated with formation, there belief inhibition activity quenching (QQ) may provide alternative therapeutic methods for treating microbial infections. This review summarises recent progress research, focusing biofilms, especially those formed pathogenic become resistant antibiotic treatment. Subsequently, potential approach highlighting innovative non-antibiotic strategies control AMR bacteria has been discussed.

Language: Английский

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The Medicinal Phage—Regulatory Roadmap for Phage Therapy under EU Pharmaceutical Legislation

Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 443 - 443

Published: March 12, 2024

Bacteriophage therapy is a promising approach to treating bacterial infections. Research and development of bacteriophage intensifying due the increase in antibiotic resistance faltering new antibiotics. uses bacteriophages (phages), i.e., prokaryotic viruses, specifically target kill pathogenic bacteria. The legal handling this type raises several questions. These include whether phage therapeutics belong specially regulated class medicinal products, which framework should be followed with regard various technical ways can manufactured administered. article shows products from wild phages genetically modified (designer) do or not belong. Furthermore, explains relevant for manufacture administration therapeutics, are advance uniform, patient-independent manner, tailor-made patient-specific therapeutics. For systematically coherent, successful translation therapy, considers pharmaceutical law related areas, such as genetic engineering law. Finally, how planned legislative revisions Directive 2001/83/EC Regulation (EC) No 726/2004 may affect future therapy.

Language: Английский

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