The microbiome extends host evolutionary potential

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Aug. 26, 2021

Abstract The microbiome shapes many host traits, yet the biology of microbiomes challenges traditional evolutionary models. Here, we illustrate how integrating into quantitative genetics can help untangle complexities host-microbiome evolution. We describe two general ways in which may affect potential: by shifting mean phenotype and changing variance population. synthesize literature across diverse taxa discuss these scenarios could shape response to selection. conclude outlining key avenues research improve our understanding complex interplay between hosts microbiomes.

Language: Английский

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The study of host–microbiome (co)evolution across levels of selection

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 375(1808), P. 20190604 - 20190604

Published: Aug. 9, 2020

Microorganismal diversity can be explained in large part by selection imposed from both the abiotic and biotic environments, including-in case of host-associated microbiomes-interactions with eukaryotes. As such, microbiomes usefully studied across a variety scales: within single host over time, among genotypes population, between populations species. A plethora recent studies these scales diverse systems are: (i) exemplifying importance genetics shaping microbiome composition; (ii) uncovering role key phenotypes; (iii) highlighting dynamic nature microbiome. They have also raised critical question: do complex associations fit our existing understanding evolution coevolution, or often intimate seemingly cross-generational interactions follow novel evolutionary rules those previously identified? Herein, we describe known (co)evolution host-microbiome systems, placing data extant frameworks that been developed decades study, ask whether there are unique properties require paradigm shift. By examining when how act on its as unit (termed, holobiont), find conceptual framework, which focuses individuals, well individuals groups, is generally suited for (co)evolutionary change assemblages. This article theme issue 'The evolution'.

Language: Английский

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Microbe‐mediated adaptation in plants

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 24(7), P. 1302 - 1317

Published: April 29, 2021

Abstract Interactions with microbial symbionts have yielded great macroevolutionary innovations across the tree of life, like origins chloroplasts and mitochondrial powerhouses eukaryotic cells. There is also increasing evidence that host‐associated microbiomes influence patterns microevolutionary adaptation in plants animals. Here we describe how microbes can facilitate to test for differentiate between two main mechanisms by which produce adaptive responses higher organisms: microbe‐mediated local plasticity. Microbe‐mediated when plant genotypes fitness than foreign because a genotype‐specific affiliation locally beneficial microbes. plasticity occurs phenotypes, elicited either community or non‐microbial environment, phenotypes as result interactions These effects on be difficult from traditional modes but may prevalent. Ignoring lead erroneous conclusions about traits underlying adaptation, hindering management decisions conservation, restoration, agriculture.

Language: Английский

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The composition of human vaginal microbiota transferred at birth affects offspring health in a mouse model

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Nov. 1, 2021

Newborns are colonized by maternal microbiota that is essential for offspring health and development. The composition of these pioneer communities exhibits individual differences, but the importance this early-life heterogeneity to outcomes not understood. Here we validate a human microbiota-associated model in which fetal mice cesarean delivered gavaged with defined vaginal microbial communities. This replicates inoculation occurs during birth reveals lasting effects on metabolism, immunity, brain community-specific manner. effect amplified prior gestation obesogenic or dysbiotic environment where placental ileum development altered, an augmented immune response increases rates mortality. Collectively, describe translationally relevant examine role specific outcomes, demonstrate prenatal dramatically shapes postnatal inoculation.

Language: Английский

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Plant–microbe eco‐evolutionary dynamics in a changing world

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 234(6), P. 1919 - 1928

Published: Feb. 3, 2022

Summary Both plants and their associated microbiomes can respond strongly to anthropogenic environmental changes. These responses be both ecological (e.g. a global change affecting plant demography or microbial community composition) evolutionary altering natural selection on populations). As result, changes catalyse eco‐evolutionary feedbacks. Here, we take plant‐focused perspective discuss how microbes mediate these effects influence response change. We argue that the strong functionally important relationships between are particularly likely result in feedbacks when perturbed by improved understanding of plant–microbe dynamics could inform conservation even agriculture.

Language: Английский

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Soil microbes influence the ecology and evolution of plant plasticity

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Summary Stress often induces plant trait plasticity, and microbial communities also alter traits. Therefore, it is unclear how much plasticity results from direct responses to stress vs indirect due stress‐induced changes in soil communities. To test microbes community affect the ecology potentially evolution of I grew plants four environments (salt, herbicide, herbivory, no stress) with that had responded these same or sterile inoculant. Plants delayed flowering under only when inoculated live communities, this was maladaptive. However, ways accelerated across all environments. Microbes affected expression genetic variation for time specific leaf area, as well both traits, disrupted a positive correlation response herbicide herbivory stress, suggesting may pace evolution. Together, highlight an important role plastic suggest plasticity.

Language: Английский

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Natural selection for imprecise vertical transmission in host–microbiota systems

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 6(1), P. 77 - 87

Published: Dec. 23, 2021

Language: Английский

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Microbial effects on plant phenology and fitness

American Journal of Botany, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 108(10), P. 1824 - 1837

Published: Oct. 1, 2021

Abstract Plant development and the timing of developmental events (phenology) are tightly coupled with plant fitness. A variety internal external factors determine fitness consequences these life‐history transitions. Microbes interact plants throughout their life history impact host phenology. This review summarizes current mechanistic theoretical knowledge surrounding microbe‐driven changes in Overall, there examples microbes impacting every phenological transition. While most studies have focused on flowering time, microbial effects remain important for survival across all phases. Microbe‐mediated nutrient acquisition phytohormone signaling can release from stressful conditions alter stress responses inducing shifts events. The frequency direction appear to be partly determined by lifestyle underlying nature a plant–microbe interaction (i.e., mutualistic or pathogenic), addition taxonomic group microbe (fungi vs. bacteria). Finally, we highlight biases, gaps knowledge, future directions. biotic source plasticity adaptation will serve an role sustaining biodiversity managing agriculture under pressures climate change.

Language: Английский

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The ontogenetic dimension of plant functional ecology

Functional Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 38(1), P. 98 - 113

Published: Nov. 9, 2023

Abstract Plant functional strategies change considerably as plants develop, driven by intraindividual variability in anatomical, morphological, physiological and architectural traits. Developmental trait variation arises through the complex interplay among genetically regulated phase (i.e. ontogeny), increases plant age size, phenotypic plasticity to changing environmental conditions. Although spatial drivers of intraspecific have received extensive research attention, developmentally is largely overlooked, despite widespread occurrence. Ontogenetic regulated, leads dramatic changes phenotypes evolves response predictable conditions develop. Evidence has accumulated support a general shift from fast slow relative growth rates shade sun leaves develop highly competitive but shady juvenile niche stressful adult systems studied date. Nonetheless, there are major gaps our knowledge due examination only few factors selecting for evolution ontogenetic trajectories, how ontogeny assigned, biogeographic sampling biases on trees temperate biomes, dependencies broadly sampled leaf morphological traits lack longitudinal studies that track within individuals. Filling these will enhance understanding ecology provide framework predicting effects global threats target specific stages. Read free Plain Language Summary this article Journal blog.

Language: Английский

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Symbiosis and stress: how plant microbiomes affect host evolution

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 375(1808), P. 20190590 - 20190590

Published: Aug. 9, 2020

Existing paradigms for plant microevolution rarely acknowledge the potential impacts of diverse microbiomes on evolutionary processes. Many plant-associated microorganisms benefit host via access to resources, protection from pathogens, or amelioration abiotic stress. In doing so, they alter plant's perception environment, potentially reducing strength selection acting stress tolerance defence traits altering that are target selection. We posit microbiome can affect (1) manipulation phenotypes in ways increase fitness under and (2) direct microbial responses environment plant. Both mechanisms might favour genotypes attract stimulate growth most responsive populations communities. provide support these scenarios using infectious disease quantitative genetics models. Finally, we discuss how beneficial plant-microbiome associations evolve if traditional maintaining cooperation pairwise symbioses, namely partner fidelity, choice alignment, also apply interactions between plants foliar soil microbiomes. To understand role evolution will require a broad ecological understanding plant-microbe across both space time. This article is part theme issue 'The evolution'.

Language: Английский

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