COVID-2019—A Personal Account of an Academic Institute’s Response to the Pandemic

COVID, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(7), P. 1061 - 1071

Published: July 13, 2024

The unprecedented introduction and spread of SARS-CoV-2, responsible for the COVID-19 epidemic, had many varied unanticipated consequences United States other countries. In addition to direct effects human infection, multiple industries, commodities, jobs were impacted. This review describes impact on an academic institution, with a chronological account events related constantly changing perceptions understanding pandemic. Although personal account, objective is document how leadership was able adjust circumstances in order support research activities, student education, goals our land grant university. It hoped that these examples will inspire better prepare us subsequent event avoid what situation might be summarized as progression from procrastination-pandemic-panic-pandemonium-endemic

Language: Английский

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Comparison of Dual Monoclonal Antibody Therapies for COVID-19 Evolution: A Multicentric Retrospective Study

Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(10), P. 1542 - 1542

Published: Sept. 29, 2024

Background: Neutralizing antibodies targeting the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein reduce COVID-19-related risk of hospitalization, particularly in high-risk individuals. The COCOPREV-R study aimed to evaluate and compare clinical outcomes patients treated with dual monoclonal antibody therapies identify associated virological factors. Methods: retrospectively collected real-world data from receiving Bamlanivimab/Etesevimab or Casirivimab/Imdevimab (22 February 2021 15 June 2021). Results: included 1004 COVID-19, whom 691 received 313 Casirivimab/Imdevimab. alpha variant represented 90.1% those for were available. hospitalization within 30 days was lower (12.7%, CI 95% [9.9–16.3%]) compared (28.4%, [22.7–35.1%) (p < 0.001). 30-day mortality rates comparable between both groups = 0.982). Analysis PCR negativity showed no difference two treatment (95.2% [93.0–96.9%] 93.5% [89.1–96.6%] until day 30, p 0.851 Casirivimab/Imdevimab, respectively). Among persistently positive samples available sequencing results (n 43), changes occurred only (42.9%) vs. (0.0%) groups. Q493R (25.0%) E484K (12.5%) most common mutations selected by follow-up samples. Other factors (immunodepression, comorbidities, age) did not appear be occurrence mutations. Conclusions: A higher rate seen (RONAPREVE®) comparison treatment, but emergence group.

Language: Английский

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Distinct phenotype of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 in human primary cells but no increased host range in cell lines of putative mammalian reservoir species

Virus Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 339, P. 199255 - 199255

Published: Nov. 6, 2023

SARS-CoV-2′s genetic plasticity has led to several variants of concern (VOCs). Here we studied replicative capacity for seven SARS-CoV-2 isolates (B.1, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Zeta, and Omicron BA.1) in primary reconstituted airway epithelia (HAE) lung-derived cell lines. Furthermore, investigate the host range Delta compared ancestral SARS-CoV-2, assessed replication 17 lines from 11 non-primate mammalian species, including bats, rodents, insectivores carnivores. Only Omicron's phenotype differed vitro, with rapid but short efficient production infectious virus nasal HAEs, contrast other VOCs, not lung No increased infection efficiency species was observed, A549 cells. Notably Calu3 cells lower than HAE. Our results suggest better adaptation VOCs towards humans, without an extended range, may be relevant search putative intermediate reservoirs prior pandemic.

Language: Английский

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The importance of effect sizes when comparing cycle threshold values of SARS-CoV-2 variants

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 17(7), P. e0271808 - e0271808

Published: July 21, 2022

Purpose We aimed to elaborate whether cycle threshold (Ct) values differ significantly between wild type SARS-CoV-2 (wtV) and certain viral variants how strong or weak a potential significant effect might be. Methods In retrospective study, we investigated 1873 positive samples for the occurrence of marker mutations. Age, gender, clinical setting, days after onset symptoms, Ct were recorded. Statistical analysis was carried out with special consideration sizes. Results During study period wtV detected in 1013 (54%), while 845 (45%) patients Alpha variant concern (VOC), 15 (1%) Beta VOC. For further analysis, only VOC included. multi-factor ANOVA post-hoc test Bonferroni-correction age groups found main-effects (wtV mean 26.4 (SD 4.27); 25.0 3.84); F (1,1850) = 55.841; p < .001) setting (outpatients: 25.7 4.1); inpatients: 27.0 4.2); 8.520, .004). However, since sizes very small (eta squared .029 .004), there slight trend towards higher loads compared wtV. Conclusions order compare different calculation seems be necessary. A combination p-values as estimates existance an magnitude may allow better insight into transmission mechanisms SARS-CoV-2.

Language: Английский

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Infection of equine bronchial epithelial cells with a SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 27, 2023

ABSTRACT Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causal agent of COVID-19, can infect animals by binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2). Equine infection appears possible due high homology (≈97%) between human and equine ACE2, evidence in vitro cell lines expressing seroconversion horses after exposure persons infected with SARS-CoV-2. Our objective was examine susceptibility cultured primary bronchial epithelial cells (EBECs) a SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus relative (HBECs; positive control). ACE2 expression EBECs detected immunofluorescence, western immunoblotting, flow cytometry lower than HBECs. were transduced lentivirus pseudotyped spike protein that binds expresses enhanced green fluorescent (eGFP) as reporter. Cells co-cultivated at multiplicity 0.1 for 6 hours, washed, maintained media. After 96 eGFP demonstrated fluorescence microscopy, mean Δ Ct values from quantitative PCR significantly (P < 0.0001) higher HBECs (8.78) (3.24) indicating infectivity EBECs. tract susceptible pseudovirus. Lower replication efficiency suggests are unlikely be an important zoonotic host SARS-CoV-2, but viral mutations could render some strains more infectious horses. Serological virological monitoring contact shedding is warranted. IMPORTANCE This study provides first published airway cells, which less origin. presumably affinity or both. results considering recent asymptomatic following COVID-19 humans, despite this susceptibility, increased variants concern compared ancestral strains. Thus, there great need better characterize benefit veterinary health.

Language: Английский

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