A Comprehensive Review of the Diversity of Fungal Secondary Metabolites and Their Emerging Applications in Healthcare and Environment

Mycobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 52(6), P. 335 - 387

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Fungi and their natural products, like secondary metabolites, have gained a huge demand in the last decade due to increasing applications healthcare, environmental cleanup, biotechnology-based industries. The fungi produce these metabolites (SMs) during different phases of growth, which are categorized into terpenoids, alkaloids, polyketides, non-ribosomal peptides. These SMs exhibit significant biological activity, contributes formulation novel pharmaceuticals, biopesticides, bioremediation agents. Nowadays, fungal-derived widely used food beverages, for fermentation, preservatives, protein sources, dairy In it is being as an antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive drug. usage modern tools biotechnology can achieve increase large-scale production. present review comprehensively analyses diversity fungal along with emerging agriculture, sustainability, nutraceuticals. Here, authors reviewed recent advancements genetic engineering, metabolic pathway manipulation, synthetic biology improve production yield SMs. Advancement fermentation techniques, bioprocessing, co-cultivation approaches Investigators further highlighted importance omics technologies understanding regulation biosynthesis SMs, offers drug discovery sustainable agriculture. Finally, addressed potential manipulation biotechnological innovations exploitation commercial benefits.

Language: Английский

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Predacious Strategies of Nematophagous Fungi as Bio-Control Agents

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(11), P. 2685 - 2685

Published: Oct. 25, 2023

Plant-parasitic nematodes significantly threaten agriculture and forestry, causing various diseases. They cause annual losses of up to 178 billion dollars worldwide due their parasitism. Nematophagous fungi (NF) are valuable in controlling or reducing parasitic nematode diseases by killing through predatory behavior. This article summarizes the strategic approaches adopted NF capture, poison, consume for food. classified based on attacking strategies, including trapping, endoparasitism, toxin production, egg female Moreover, extracellular enzymes such as serine proteases chitinases also play an important role fungal infection disrupting cuticles, which act essential virulence factors target chemical constituents comprising cuticle eggshell. Based mentioned approaches, it is crucial consider mechanisms employed control focused use biocontrol agents.

Language: Английский

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Integration of transcriptomics and metabolomics of 2-furoic acid-treated Meloidogyne incognita reveals a calmodulin gene associated with motility and pathogenicity

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 220, P. 109480 - 109480

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Language: Английский

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Direct 3D Mass Spectrometry Imaging Analysis of Environmental Microorganisms

Molecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(6), P. 1317 - 1317

Published: March 14, 2025

Assessing the spatial distribution of microorganisms’ metabolites in growth medium remains a challenge. Here, we present first use newly developed LARAPPI/CI-MSI 3D (laser ablation remote atmospheric pressure photoionization/chemical ionization mass spectrometry imaging) method for direct three-dimensional (3D) imaging bacterial and fungal solid culture media. Two-dimensional (2D) MSI was also performed, it indicated presence belonging to, including, amino acids their derivatives, dipeptides, organic acids, fatty sugars sugar benzene indoles. Distribution at selected depth within with estimation concentration across all dimensions 16 visualized using 3D. The results were correlated ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–ultra-high-resolution (UHPLC–UHRMS). A total 351–393 chemical compounds, depending on tested microorganism, identified, while 242–262 recognized HMDB database MetaboAnalyst (v 6.0). enables rapid screening biotechnological potential environmental strains, facilitating discovery industrially valuable biomolecules.

Language: Английский

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Separation and identification of nematicidal active compounds in culture filtrate of Streptomyces aquilus JXGZ01 based on metabolomic analysis

Pest Management Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 5, 2025

Abstract BACKGROUND Meloidogyne incognita is one of the pathogenic nematodes with widest range and most serious damage, which can infest many food cash crops. We screened a strain Streptomyces aquilus JXGZ01, whose culture filtrate showed excellent nematicidal activity egg hatching inhibition against M. . In this study, we performed metabolomic analysis strain. RESULTS The data that total 304 differential metabolites, 244 were significantly up‐regulated 60 down‐regulated. Seven compounds large fold changes selected from metabolites to test mortality in both 5 10 mg mL −1 4‐acetylaminobutyric acid was more than 85%. 100 ( R )‐(−)‐2‐phenylglycinol 70%. rate N ‐acetyl‐ l ‐glutamic 78.25%. addition, masses 90% for acid. 80% )‐(−)‐2‐phenylglycinol. on eggs 93.47%. CONCLUSION results demonstrate S. be candidate microorganism biological control , its had great potential as nematicides. © 2025 Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the nematicidal mechanisms and control efficiencies of oxalic acid producing Aspergillus tubingensis WF01 against root-knot nematodes

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: July 8, 2024

Background and aims Root-knot nematodes (RKN; Meloidogyne spp.) are among the highly prevalent significantly detrimental pathogens that cause severe economic yield losses in crops. Currently, control of RKN primarily relies on application chemical nematicides but it has environmental public health concerns, which open new doors for alternative methods form biological control. Methods In this study, we investigated nematicidal attractive activities an endophytic strain WF01 against incognita concentration-dependent experiments. The active metabolite was extracted crude extract through Sephadex column, its structure identified by nuclear magnetic resonance mass spectrometry data. Results as Aspergillus tubingensis based morphological molecular characteristic s . A. oxalic acid (OA), showed solid activity M. , having LC 50 27.48 μg ml –1 Nsy-1 AWC Odr-7 AWA were primary neuron genes Caenorhabditis elegans to detect OA. Under greenhouse, broth 200 OA could effectively suppress disease caused tomatoes respectively with efficiency (CE) 62.5% 70.83%, promote plant growth. field, WF01-WP 8% OA-WP formulations moderate CEs 51.25%–61.47% tomato tobacco. combined resulted excellent 66.83% 69.34% toward tobacco, respectively. Furthermore, or suppressed infection J2s upregulating expression levels ( PAL C4H HCT F5H ) related lignin synthesis, strengthened root lignification. Conclusion Altogether, our results demonstrated exhibited multiple weapons mediated producing lure kill a manner strengthen This fungus serve bio-nematicide managing diseases RKN.

Language: Английский

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Genomic and Comparative Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal Key Genes Associated with the Biosynthesis Regulation of Okaramine B in Penicillium daleae NBP-49626

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(4), P. 1965 - 1965

Published: Feb. 6, 2024

Restricted production of fungal secondary metabolites hinders the ability to conduct comprehensive research and development novel biopesticides. Okaramine B from Penicillium demonstrates remarkable insecticidal efficacy; however, its biosynthetic yield is low, regulatory mechanism remains unknown. The present study found that difference was influenced by fermentation modes in okaramine-producing strains performed genomic comparative transcriptome analysis P. daleae strain NBP-49626, which exhibits significant features. NBP-49626 genome 37.4 Mb, it encodes 10,131 protein-encoding genes. Up 5097 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified during submerged semi-solid processes. oka gene cluster, lacking transport genes, displayed distinct transcriptional patterns response B. Although transcription trends most known global are inconsistent with those oka, this five potential including two Zn(II)2Cys6 factors, Reg2 Reg19. A correlation also observed between tryptophan metabolism yields. In addition, several transporter as DEGs. These results confirmed using real-time quantitative PCR. This provides information regarding biosynthesis critical further improvement for insecticides.

Language: Английский

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Secondary Metabolites from the Nematode-Trapping Fungus Dactylellina haptotyla YMF1.03409

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(11), P. 2693 - 2693

Published: Nov. 3, 2023

As a representative nematode-trapping fungus, Dactylellina haptotyla can capture and kill nematodes by producing traps, known as adhesive knobs. In this paper, the strain of D. YMF1.03409 was studied means medium screening, fermentation, purification identification crude extracts. Eighteen compounds were obtained from YMF1.03409, including two new metabolites, nosporins C (1) D (2). The metabolites identified to be 3-chloro-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (3), 3-chloro-4-methoxybenzoic acid (4), 2-chloro-1-methoxy-4-(methoxymethyl)benzene (5), 3-hydroxy-3-methyloxindole (6), nicotinic (7), succinic (8), 3,4-dihydroxybutanoic (9), 5′-O-methyladenosine (10), uridine (11), 2′-deoxyuridine (12), thymidine (13), 3-(phenylmethyl)-2,5-morpholinedione (14), methyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (15), 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic bis(2-methyl heptyl) ester (16), β-sitosterol (17), 3β,6α-diol-stigmastane (18). bioactive assay showed that these had no obvious nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita Panagrellus redivivus.

Language: Английский

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DHXT1, a Virulence Factor of Dactylellina haptotyla, Regulates Pathogenicity by Participating in Trap Formation and Metabolite Synthesis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(13), P. 7384 - 7384

Published: July 5, 2024

The capsule-associated protein 10 gene (

Language: Английский

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Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from Harposporium anguillulae Against Meloidogyne incognita

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 2585 - 2585

Published: Dec. 13, 2024

Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are pathogens that endanger a wide range of crops and cause serious global agricultural losses. In this study, we investigated metabolites the endoparasitic fungus Harposporium anguillulae YMF1.01751, with expectation discovering valuable Meloidogyne incognita biocontrol compounds. Based on results obtained by liquid chromatograph coupled to mass spectrometer (LC-MS) crude extracts under five culture conditions their nematicidal activity against M. incognita, corn meal agar (CMA) medium was determined as scale-up fermentation medium. Twelve (1–12) were isolated from products, compound 1 identified be new cyclic tetrapeptide. The assay showed phenylacetic acid (11) had good at 400 μg/mL, mortalities 89.76% 96.05% 12 24 h, respectively, while mortality canthin-6-one (2) 44.26% 72 h. addition, chemotaxis 1-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethanone (10) possessed attraction towards incognita. At tested concentrations, cyclo-(Arg-Pro) (4) cyclo-(Val-Ile) (7) an avoidant response This study provides insight into nematode-active compounds H. origin offers opportunities for development RKN products.

Language: Английский

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