Physical activity and risk of infection, severity and mortality of COVID-19: a systematic review and non-linear dose–response meta-analysis of data from 1 853 610 adults

British Journal of Sports Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 56(20), P. 1188 - 1193

Published: Aug. 22, 2022

Objective To quantify the association between physical activity and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19-associated hospitalisation, severe illness death due to COVID-19 in adults. Design A systematic review meta-analysis. Data sources Three databases were systematically searched through March 2022. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Peer-reviewed articles reporting regular at least one outcome adults included. Risk estimates (ORs, relative (RR) ratios or HRs) extracted pooled using a random-effects inverse-variance model. Results Sixteen included (n=1 853 610). Overall, those who engaged had lower infection (RR=0.89; 95% CI 0.84 0.95; I 2 =0%), hospitalisation (RR=0.64; 0.54 0.76; =48.01%), (RR=0.66; 0.58 0.77; =50.93%) COVID-19-related (RR=0.57; 0.46 0.71; =26.63%) as compared with their inactive peers. The results indicated non-linear dose–response relationship presented metabolic equivalent task (MET)-min per week (p non-linearity <0.001) flattening curve around 500 MET-min week. Conclusions Regular seems be related likelihood adverse outcomes. Our findings highlight protective effects engaging sufficient public health strategy, potential benefits reduce COVID-19. Given heterogeneity publication bias, further standardised methodology are now needed. PROSPERO registration number CRD42022313629.

Language: Английский

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Risk Factors of Severe COVID-19: A Review of Host, Viral and Environmental Factors

Viruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 175 - 175

Published: Jan. 7, 2023

The clinical course and outcome of COVID-19 are highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic infections to severe disease death. Understanding the risk factors is relevant both in setting at epidemiological level. Here, we provide an overview host, viral environmental that have been shown or (in some cases) hypothesized be associated with outcomes. considered detail include age frailty, genetic polymorphisms, biological sex (and pregnancy), co- superinfections, non-communicable comorbidities, immunological history, microbiota, lifestyle patient; variation infecting dose; socioeconomic factors; air pollution. For each category, compile (sometimes conflicting) evidence for association factor outcomes (including strength effect) outline possible action mechanisms. We also discuss complex interactions between various factors.

Language: Английский

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The Swedish military conscription register: opportunities for its use in medical research

European Journal of Epidemiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 37(7), P. 767 - 777

Published: July 1, 2022

Abstract In Sweden, conscription around age 18y was mandatory for young men until June 30, 2010. From July 1, 2017, it became again both sexes but the proportion of summoned people standardised testing has so far been low. This paper describes history, structure and content Swedish Military Conscription Register (SMCR). We retrieved information about SMCR from written sources through e-mail interviews with key personnel at Defence Assessment Agency. also analysed data between 1969 2018. Between 2018 contains digital on approximately 2 million individuals (98.6% men). Most conscripts were born 1951 1988 (n = 1,900,000; tested 2006). For 1951–1987 birth cohorts, register a population coverage 90% men. Conscripts underwent tests focusing verbal, spatial, logical technical ability, medical, physical, psychological tests. The medical assessment included hearing, vision, muscle exercise capacity, height, weight, blood pressure resting heart rate. widely used to study, e.g., obesity, cardiovascular disease, mental health, crime, fitness, strength, sick leave disability pension. Severe disease could qualify exemption military service. Thus, prevalence such diseases is underestimated in population. 1990 2018, 25,000 women volunteered testing. population-based physical health all 1987 (corresponding 2006), can be address host research questions.

Language: Английский

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Cardiorespiratory fitness and lifestyle on severe COVID-19 risk in 279,455 adults: a case control study

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Oct. 19, 2021

Abstract Background The impact of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and other lifestyle-related factors on severe COVID-19 risk is understudied. present study aims to investigate socioeconomic as possible predictors COVID-19, with special focus CRF, further whether these may attenuate obesity- hypertension-related risks, well mediate associations between risk. Methods Out initially 407,131 participants who participated in nationwide occupational health service screening 1992 2020, n = 857 cases (70% men, mean age 49.9 years) were identified. CRF was estimated using a sub-maximum cycle test, lifestyle variables self-reported. Analyses performed including both unmatched, 278,598, sex-and age-matched, 3426, controls. Severe included hospitalization, intensive care or death due COVID-19. Results Patients more had significantly lower higher BMI, greater presence comorbidities often daily smokers. In matched analyses, there graded decrease odds for each ml (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.970 0.998), two-fold increase the lowest highest (< 32 vs. ≥ 46 ml·min −1 ·kg ) group. Higher BMI (per unit increase, OR 1.09, 1.06 1.12), larger waist circumference cm, 1.04, 1.02 1.06), smoking 0.60, 0.41 0.89) high overall stress 1.36, 1.001 1.84) also remained associated Obesity- blood pressure-related risks attenuated by adjustment variables. Mediation through accounted 9% 54% low education, income blue collar/low skilled occupations results consistent either unmatched Conclusions Both However, obesity pressure, mediated various factors. This emphasises importance interventions maintain general population strengthen resilience especially high-risk individuals.

Language: Английский

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Body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness in overweight or obese people post COVID-19: A comparative study

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Sept. 21, 2022

The present study aimed to evaluate the body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness of overweight or obese people after COVID-19. 171 volunteers both sexes (men, n = 93 women, 78) between 19 65 years old were allocated into three groups according severity their symptoms COVID-19: non-hospitalized people/mild (n 61), hospitalized 58), in an intensive care unit-ICU 52). Two laboratory visits carried out 24 h apart. First, a medical consultation was out, with subsequent measurement weight height (calculation mass index) assessment via electrical bioimpedance. After h, test performed using Bruce protocol, direct gas exchange analysis. Hospitalized individuals had significantly higher values for fat percentage than (p < 0.05). Significantly found heart rate (HR) peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) who not when compared those ICU distance, ventilation, relationship respiratory quotient test, peripheral saturation (SpO2) observed all Diastolic blood pressure at tenth fifteenth minute post-Bruce participants Based on these results, proposals cardiopulmonary rehabilitation are indispensable considering responses pressure. Monitoring HR, SpO2, necessary during avoid possible physical complications. Volume intensity exercise prescription should respect physiologic adaptation. Given lower conditioning among groups, recovering from health conditions urgent COVID-19 survivors.

Language: Английский

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Cardiopulmonary, Functional, Cognitive and Mental Health Outcomes Post-COVID-19, Across the Range of Severity of Acute Illness, in a Physically Active, Working-Age Population

Sports Medicine - Open, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Feb. 2, 2023

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant morbidity and mortality, with the former impacting limiting individuals requiring high physical fitness, including sportspeople emergency services. Methods Observational cohort study of 4 groups: hospitalised, community illness on-going symptoms (community-symptomatic), now recovered (community-recovered) comparison. A total 113 participants (aged 39 ± 9, 86% male) were recruited: hospitalised ( n = 35), community-symptomatic 34), community-recovered 18) comparison 26), approximately five months following acute illness. Participant outcome measures included cardiopulmonary imaging, submaximal maximal exercise testing, pulmonary function, cognitive assessment, blood tests questionnaires on mental health function. Results Hospitalised groups older (43 9 37 10, P 0.003), a higher body mass index (31 29 4, < 0.001), had worse (anxiety, depression post-traumatic stress), fatigue quality life scores. performed less well sub-maximal testing. impaired ventilatory efficiency (higher VE/V̇CO 2 slope, 29.6 5.1, achieved work at anaerobic threshold (70 15, 0.001) peak (231 35, reduced forced vital capacity (4.7 0.9, 0.004). Clinically abnormal imaging findings present in 6% participants. Community-recovered no differences outcomes group. Conclusion Symptomatically who suffered mild-moderate do not differ from an age-, sex- job-role-matched population post-illness. Individuals or continue suffer may require specific comprehensive assessment prior return full activity.

Language: Английский

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Associations between cardiorespiratory fitness in youth and the incidence of site-specific cancer in men: a cohort study with register linkage

British Journal of Sports Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(19), P. 1248 - 1256

Published: Aug. 15, 2023

Objectives To assess the associations between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in young men and incidence of site-specific cancer. Methods A Swedish population-based cohort study with register linkage who underwent military conscription 1968–2005 was undertaken. CRF assessed by maximal aerobic workload cycle test at conscription. Cox regression models linear included CRF, age, year site conscription, body mass index parental level education. also categorised into low, moderate high for facilitated interpretation results comparing low are reported. Results Primary analyses were performed 1 078 000 men, whom 84 117 subsequently developed cancer least one during a mean follow-up 33 years. Higher linearly associated lower hazard ratio (HR) developing head neck (n=2738, HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.74 to 0.90), oesophagus (n=689, 0.61, 0.50 0.74), stomach (n=902, 0.79, 0.67 0.94), pancreas (n=1280, 0.88, 0.76 1.01), liver (n=1111, 0.60, 0.51 0.71), colon (n=3222, 0.82, 0.75 rectum (n=2337, 0.95, 0.85 1.05), kidney (n=1753, 0.80, 0.70 0.90) lung (n=1635, 0.58, 0.66). However, higher predicted being diagnosed prostate (n=14 232, 1.07, 1.03 1.12) malignant skin (n=23 064, 1.31, 1.27 1.36). Conclusion We report number protective healthy subsequent cancers. These have implications public health policymaking, strengthening incentive promote through improving youth.

Language: Английский

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An Analysis Between Body Composition and Vertigo Post-Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients

International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 29(02), P. 001 - 008

Published: April 1, 2025

Abstract Introduction An association between the sensation of vertigo, and body composition has not been investigated in post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Objective To evaluate probable vertigo composition—as amount fat, bone, muscle—in post-COVID-19 Methods Cross-sectional study with a sample patients who responded to visual analog scale (VAS) Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI). Clinical assessment electrical bioimpedance were used determine composition. Results There 105 participants evaluated, 61% (n = 64) whom male, aged 49.5 ± 11.7 years, an average height 165.6 19.9 cm, weight 87.6 20 kg, mass index (BMI) 31.1 5.4 kg/m. The prevalence self-reported was 51.4% 54); these, 11.4% 12) related before diagnosis COVID-19, 40% 42) during or after COVID-19. Furthermore, 37.2% 39) reported that persisted medical discharge. In comparative analysis, data showed significant difference groups without for (p 0.001), 0.006), water lean 0.002), fat-free musculoskeletal 0.001). Conclusion complaint patients, suggesting these aspects should be considered when assessing can contribute construction knowledge about long COVID.

Language: Английский

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Change in physical fitness due to the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in French adolescents: a comparison between two independent large samples from Diagnoform battery

European Journal of Pediatrics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 181(11), P. 3955 - 3963

Published: Sept. 13, 2022

Language: Английский

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Cardiorespiratory fitness as a vital sign of CVD risk in the COVID-19 era

Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 76, P. 44 - 48

Published: Dec. 17, 2022

Language: Английский

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