Intrauterine exposure to SARS-CoV-2 infection and early newborn brain development

Cerebral Cortex, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(2)

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Abstract Epidemiologic studies suggest that prenatal exposures to certain viruses may influence early neurodevelopment, predisposing offspring neuropsychiatric conditions later in life. The long-term effects of maternal COVID-19 infection pregnancy on brain development, however, remain largely unknown. We prospectively enrolled infants an observational cohort study for a single-site the Washington, DC Metropolitan Area from June 2020 November 2021 and compared these pre-pandemic controls (studied March 2014–February 2020). primary outcomes are measures cortical morphometry (tissue-specific volumes), along with global regional local gyrification index, sulcal depth. studied 210 (55 unexposed mothers, 47 COVID-19-positive 108 healthy controls). found increased gray matter volume (182.45 ± 4.81 vs. 167.29 2.92) accelerated depth frontal lobe (5.01 0.19 4.40 0.13) mothers controls. additional differences suggesting both viral exposures, as well non-viral stressors associated pandemic, development warrant ongoing follow-up.

Language: Английский

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Enhanced predictive accuracy of mortality in VLBW infants with late-onset sepsis through a time-specific nomogram

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: April 2, 2025

This study aims to develop and validate a nomogram-based scoring system predict mortality in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants with late-onset sepsis (LOS). Timely risk stratification this vulnerable population is critical for optimizing clinical outcomes. We conducted retrospective analysis on 202 VLBW diagnosed LOS between January 2018 December 2022. Predictive models were created at three key time points: 0 h, 6 12 h post-sepsis onset, utilizing Least Absolute Shrinkage Selection Operator (LASSO) regression variable selection multivariable logistic model construction. Internal validation was performed 1,000 bootstrap resamples correct potential overfitting. External an independent cohort of 71 from 2023 March 2024. Model performance assessed using Area Under the Curve (AUC), calibration plots, decision curve (DCA). The exhibited excellent discrimination AUCs 0.83, 0.92, 0.94 respectively, development cohort, 0.95, 0.97 cohort. Calibration plots showed strong agreement predicted observed significant disparity maternal COVID-19 infection rates cohorts (1 vs. 89%) may have contributed enhanced predictive accuracy external dynamic, time-specific nomogram demonstrates high utility LOS. impact neonatal outcomes offers novel perspective future research prognostication.

Language: Английский

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Impact of respiratory viral infections during pregnancy on the neurological outcomes of the newborn: current knowledge

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Brain development is a complex process that begins during pregnancy, and the events occurring this sensitive period can affect offspring's neurodevelopmental outcomes. Respiratory viral infections are frequently reported in pregnant women, and, last few decades, they have been related to numerous neuropsychiatric sequelae. viruses disrupt brain by directly invading fetal circulation through vertical transmission or inducing neuroinflammation maternal immune activation production of inflammatory cytokines. Influenza virus gestational infection has consistently associated with psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia autism spectrum disorder, while recent pandemic raised some concerns regarding effects severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 on outcomes children born affected mothers. In addition, emerging evidence supports possible role syncytial risk factor for adverse consequences. Understanding mechanisms underlying developmental dysfunction allows improving preventive strategies, early diagnosis, prompt interventions.

Language: Английский

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Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination among pregnant women in Rio De Janeiro City, Brazil

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Oct. 25, 2023

COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy is safe and effective in reducing the risk of complications. However, uptake still below targets worldwide. This study aimed to explore factors associated with among pregnant women since data on this topic scarce low-to-middle-income countries. A retrospective cohort included linked who delivered a singleton live birth from August 1, 2021, July 31, 2022, Rio de Janeiro City, Brazil. Multiple logistic regression was performed identify pregnancy, applying hierarchical model describing odds ratio 95% confidence intervals. Of 65,304 study, 53.0% (95% CI, 52-53%) received at least one dose vaccine pregnancy. Higher observed aged older than 34 (aOR 1.21, 95%CI 1.15-1.28), black 1.10, 1.04-1.16), or parda/brown skin colour 1.05, 1.01-1.09), less eight years education 1.09, 1.02-1.17), living without partner 2.24, 2.16-2.34), more six antenatal care appointments 1.92, 1.75-2.09), having previous child loss (OR 1.06, 1.02-1.11). These results highlight need for targeted educational campaigns, trustful communication, accessibility strategies specific populations improve

Language: Английский

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Antenatal and neonatal exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and children’s development: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Pediatric Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 96(1), P. 40 - 50

Published: Dec. 19, 2023

Abstract Objectives To conduct a systematic review of the impact antenatal and neonatal exposure to SARS-CoV-2 on developmental outcomes in preterm term-born infants. Methods We searched Embase, Emcare, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web Science grey literature May 27, 2022 updated 8, 2023. Studies defining with positive protein or genetic material, used contemporaneous non-exposed cohort, reported up 2 years age were included. Results Four out 828 screened studies Meta-analysis included 815 infants for delay ( n = 306 exposed; 509 non-exposed) between 3- 11-months age. Among infants, we did not find an increased risk communication (odd’s ratio: 0.73 (95% CI: 0.24–2.24)), gross motor (1.50 (0.62, 3.62)), fine (2.90 (0.58, 14.43)), problem-solving (1.19 (0.54, 2.66)) personal-social development (1.93 (0.78, 4.75)) exposed The number preterm-born 37) comparison cohorts 41) too few report meaningful comparisons. Conclusion Evidence regarding potential infection early infancy is limited inconsistent. Larger beyond first year life are needed. Impact current evidence examining associations during period by there being extremely small sample sizes. Based sparse data was no consistent association adverse below 12 months babies born at term. This study highlights that larger assessed needed determine longer-term child development.

Language: Английский

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Understanding COVID-19 vaccination decisions during pregnancy and while breastfeeding in a Canadian province

Expert Review of Vaccines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(1), P. 520 - 527

Published: June 8, 2023

Background Vaccination in pregnancy is important for preventing illness mothers and babies; however, vaccine uptake pregnant individuals lower than non-pregnant females of fertile age. Given the devastating effects COVID-19 increased morbidity mortality risk individuals, it to understand determinants hesitancy pregnancy. The focus our study was explore vaccination among breastfeeding its association with their reasons (psychological factors) using 5C scale other factors.Methods An online survey investigating prior vaccinations, level trust healthcare providers, demographic information, used for, a Canadian province.Results Prior higher levels medical professionals, education, confidence, collective responsibility predicted individuals.Conclusions There are specific psychological socio-demographic that affect populations. Implications these findings include targeting when informing developing intervention educational programs both as well professionals who making recommendations patients. Study limitations small sample lack ethnic socioeconomic diversity.

Language: Английский

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Mendelian Randomization Study: Investigating the Causal Impact of Covid-19 on Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 29, 2024

Background Due to limitations in observational studies, the link between COVID-19 and adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) remains inconclusive. This study uses two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses assess COVID-19's causal effects on APO traits. Methods We applied inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, mode, simple mode thoroughly evaluate of infection, hospitalization, severity eight Results Our findings indicate that infection is associated with an increased risk spontaneous miscarriages (OR: 0.95, 95%CI (0.99, 0.91); p = 0.014) preterm labor delivery 1.30, (1.63, 1.04); 0.019), a decreased eclampsia 0.35, (0.94, 0.12); 0.033).

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 in Pregnancy: An Update for Clinicians

Clinical Obstetrics & Gynecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 67(3), P. 565 - 575

Published: July 5, 2024

In this review, we will discuss the risks of COVID-19 on maternal, obstetric, and neonatal outcomes. We also review safety vaccination in pregnancy, as well management pregnancy.

Language: Английский

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PRINCIPAIS DESFECHOS NEONATAIS E SUA RELAÇÃO COM A INFECÇÃO MATERNA PELO SARS COV-2: UM ESTUDO RETROSPECTIVO

Revista Contemporânea, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(10), P. e6010 - e6010

Published: Oct. 4, 2024

A COVID-19 gerou um grave problema de saúde pública, o que levou a Organização Mundial Saúde (OMS), em março 2020, caracterizá-la como uma pandemia. À medida se espalhava pelo mundo, populações risco foram identificadas para fluxos atendimento e políticas públicas fossem implementados adequado estes grupos. Nesse contexto, as mulheres grávidas seus recém-nascidos (RNs), inserem grupo desenvolver forma da COVID-19, tendo vista aumento morbi- mortalidade desfechos maternos neonatais desfavoráveis. Diante disto, este estudo teve objetivo descrever os principais RNs mães infectadas SARS CoV-2 relacionar estas variáveis com tipos caso das maternidade Pública referência região norte do Brasil. Trata-se Estudo exploratório, transversal, abordagem quantitativa. Realizado na Brasil durante Foram avaliados prontuários 141 resultado RT-PCR positivo deram à luz Fundação Santa Casa Misericórdia Pará (FSCMP), entre Abril 2020 Junho 2022 hospitalizadas nas clínicas unidades terapia intensiva, destinadas ao deste público instituição. Os resultados evidenciaram taxa aumentada parto prematuro, utilização Unidade intensiva neonatal. 86,56% dos RN’s tiveram alta hospitalar óbitos estavam relacionados cursaram quadro doença. Considera-se grande relevância avaliar efeitos infecção causada gestante esta possa ocasionar.

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Do timing and severity of gestational COVID-19 impact perinatal and neonatal outcomes?

Journal of Perinatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 20, 2024

Language: Английский

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