Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
285(1882), P. 20180367 - 20180367
Published: July 4, 2018
Artificial
light
at
night
(ALAN)
affects
over
20%
of
the
earth's
surface
and
is
estimated
to
increase
6%
per
year.
Most
studies
ALAN
have
focused
on
a
single
mechanism
or
life
stage.
We
tested
for
indirect
direct
effects
that
occurred
by
altering
American
toads'
(Anaxyrus
americanus)
ecological
interactions
toad
development
growth,
respectively.
conducted
an
experiment
two
stages
using
outdoor
mesocosms
indoor
terraria.
In
first
phase,
presence
reduced
metamorphic
duration
periphyton
biomass.
The
appeared
be
mediated
through
development,
we
found
no
evidence
acting
altered
colonization.
second
post-metamorphic
growth
was
15%
in
treatment.
Juvenile-stage
also
affected
activity:
natural
light,
toads
retreated
into
leaf
litter
whereas
did
not
change
behaviour.
Carry-over
were
present;
juvenile
had
been
exposed
larval
exhibited
marginally
increased
activity.
this
time
frame
system,
our
experiments
suggested
ALAN's
act
primarily
effects,
rather
than
can
persist
across
stages.
Global Change Biology,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
24(3), P. 872 - 882
Published: Nov. 10, 2017
The
environmental
impacts
of
artificial
light
at
night
have
been
a
rapidly
growing
field
global
change
science
in
recent
years.
Yet,
pollution
has
not
achieved
parity
with
other
phenomena
the
level
concern
and
interest
it
receives
from
scientific
community,
government
nongovernmental
organizations.
This
is
despite
globally
widespread,
expanding
changing
nature
night-time
lighting
immediacy,
severity
phylogenetic
breath
its
impacts.
In
this
opinion
piece,
we
evidence
10
reasons
why
should
be
focus
for
research
21st
century.
Our
extend
beyond
those
concerned
principally
environment,
to
also
include
on
human
health,
culture
biodiversity
conservation
more
generally.
We
conclude
that
use
will
continue
raise
numerous
ecological,
health
cultural
issues,
but
opportunities
exist
mitigate
by
combining
novel
technologies
sound
evidence.
potential
gains
appropriate
management
far
indeed
may
play
key
role
transitioning
towards
sustainable
society.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
119(15)
Published: April 4, 2022
Urbanization
can
challenge
sustainable
development
if
it
produces
unequal
outcomes.
Infrastructure
is
an
important
urbanization
dimension,
providing
services
to
support
diverse
urban
activities.
However,
lock
in
outcomes
due
its
durable
nature.
This
paper
studies
inequalities
infrastructure
distributions
derive
insights
into
the
structure
and
characteristics
of
associated
with
urbanization.
We
analyzed
two
emerging
economies
Global
South:
India
South
Africa.
developed
applied
inequality
measure
understand
provisioning
(based
on
census
data)
availability
satellite
nighttime
lights
[NTLs]
data).
Consistent
differences
economic
inequality,
results
show
greater
Africa
than
rural
inequalities.
Nevertheless,
increase
from
finer
coarser
spatial
scales.
NTL-based
measurements
additionally
that
are
more
concentrated
at
coarse
scales
Finally,
covary
levels
conceptualized
as
a
multidimensional
phenomenon,
including
demographic,
economic,
infrastructural
dimensions.
Similarly,
monotonically
population
size.
Together,
these
findings
underscore
feature
suggest
understanding
requires
applying
lens
The Science of The Total Environment,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
830, P. 154615 - 154615
Published: March 17, 2022
Autonomous
vehicles
(AVs)
may
have
significant
environmental
impacts
although
there
are
still
few
studies
focusing
solely
on
these
effects.
A
vast
majority
of
articles
address
issues
as
a
secondary
outcome
and,
above
all,
emissions
the
main
topic.
As
notion
concerns
many
aspects
than
just
air
pollution,
this
paper
aims
to
explore
and
show
findings
flaws
current
research
with
wider
vision.
For
that
purpose,
systematic
review
scientific
literature
was
carried
out
broadening
scope
land,
water,
noise,
light
pollution
in
addition
air.
The
results
reveal
potential
benefits
AVs
due
technical
improvements,
new
possibilities
design
traffic
flow
enhancement,
but
depend
penetration
levels,
shared
mobility
acceptance
interaction
other
modes
transport.
On
hand,
negative
effects
also
identified
related
decrease
value
trip
time
user
tendencies.
Among
impacts,
changes
land
use
increasingly
being
studied.
These
can
lead
significative
well
soil
water
latter
not
yet
been
considered.
Lastly,
likely
improvements
noise
scarcely
explored.
Given
lack
study
some
outcomes
AVs,
it
is
possible
draw
precise
conclusion
their
overall
impact,
calling
for
more
comprehensive
enable
identify
all
measures
be
taken
achieve
sustainable
future.
Sustainable Cities and Society,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
92, P. 104465 - 104465
Published: Feb. 17, 2023
Artificial
light
at
night
(ALAN)
is
ever-present
in
modern
society
and
has
revolutionised
our
lives.
Along
with
its
many
benefits,
ALAN
can
have
adverse
effects
that
are
studied
across
fields,
including
astronomy,
epidemiology,
ecology.
This
paper
collates
multi-disciplinary
knowledge
on
measuring
pollution
through
a
systematic
review
of
140
articles.
The
measurement
tools
used
each
context
comprehensively
discussed,
gaps
identified
current
techniques,
benchmarking
information
provided
to
aid
future
research.
It
found
no
single
device
meets
all
objectives,
opportunities
exist
for
further
development,
such
as
refining
low-cost
imaging
tools.
highlights
tool's
limitations
must
be
acknowledged
avoid
incorrect
conclusions.
Thorough
experimental
reporting,
details
instrument
location
aiming,
also
essential
the
replication
Collaboration
needed
develop
unified
units
terminologies
rather
than
maintaining
disciplinary
silos.
will
enable
keep
pace
lighting
technologies
growing
pollution.
Systems,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
13(1), P. 63 - 63
Published: Jan. 20, 2025
Walking
is
the
primary
mode
of
reaching
metro
stations,
yet
quality
pedestrian
networks
around
these
stations
has
not
been
well
researched.
Considering
objective
physical
characteristics
and
subjective
assessments
walkers
on
routes,
this
study
developed
an
evaluation
model
that
integrated
Analytic
Hierarchy
Process
Entropy
Weight
Method
with
human–machine
adversarial
scoring
cosine
similarity
to
validate
reliability.
Nineteen
indicators
concerning
four
fundamental
criteria,
including
accessibility,
convenience,
safety,
comfort,
were
applied
data
acquired
from
eight
in
Tianjin,
China.
Results
reveal
accessibility
safety
weigh
more
than
convenience
comfort
indicators.
The
public-service
comprehensive
scores
higher
residential
while
walking
environment
near
commercial
shows
significant
disparities.
These
findings
highlight
importance
prioritizing
enhancing
renewal
network
Tianjin.
assessment
provides
a
valuable
tool
for
urban
policymakers
planners,
enabling
formulation
sound
pedestrian-network
policies,
facilitating
higher-quality
access
egress
trips
encouraging
transit-oriented
development.
Biology Letters,
Journal Year:
2016,
Volume and Issue:
12(4), P. 20160111 - 20160111
Published: April 1, 2016
The
globally
increasing
light
pollution
is
a
well-recognized
threat
to
ecosystems,
with
negative
effects
on
human,
animal
and
plant
wellbeing.
most
well-known
widely
documented
consequence
of
the
generally
fatal
attraction
nocturnal
insects
artificial
sources.
However,
evolutionary
consequences
are
unknown.
Here
we
report
that
moth
populations
from
urban
areas
high,
relevant
levels
over
several
decades
show
significantly
reduced
flight-to-light
behaviour
compared
same
species
pristine
dark-sky
habitats.
Using
common
garden
setting,
reared
moths
10
different
early-instar
larvae
experimentally
their
under
standardized
conditions.
Moths
had
significant
reduction
in
populations.
sources
‘city
moths'
may
directly
increase
these
individuals'
survival
reproduction.
We
anticipate
it
comes
mobility,
which
negatively
affects
foraging
as
well
colonization
ability.
As
eminent
significance
pollinators
primary
food
source
many
vertebrates,
an
change
thereby
potentially
cascades
across
interaction
networks.
