Wastewater surveillance for viral pathogens: A tool for public health

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(13), P. e33873 - e33873

Published: June 29, 2024

A focus on water quality has intensified globally, considering its critical role in sustaining life and ecosystems. Wastewater, reflecting societal development, profoundly impacts public health. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) emerged as a surveillance tool for detecting outbreaks early, monitoring infectious disease trends, providing real-time insights, particularly vulnerable communities. WBE aids tracking pathogens, including viruses, sewage, offering comprehensive understanding of community health lifestyle habits. With the rise global COVID-19 cases, gained prominence, aiding SARS-CoV-2 levels worldwide. Despite advancements treatment, poorly treated wastewater discharge remains threat, amplifying spread water-, sanitation-, hygiene (WaSH)-related diseases. WBE, serving complementary surveillance, is pivotal community-level viral infections. However, there untapped potential to expand surveillance. This review emphasizes importance link between health, highlighting need further integration into management.

Language: Английский

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Wastewater-Based Epidemiological Surveillance in France: The SUM’EAU Network

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 281 - 281

Published: Jan. 26, 2025

Wastewater surveillance is a powerful public health tool which gained global prominence during the COVID-19 pandemic. This article describes development and implementation of national wastewater network in France: SUM’EAU. Preliminary work included defining sampling strategy, evaluating/optimising analytical methods, launching call for tenders to select laboratories producing monitoring indicators. SUM’EAU was then deployed three stages: (i) pilot study, (ii) transfer activities from National Reference Laboratory four selected laboratories, (iii) extension system additional sites. Currently, monitors SARS-CoV-2 across 54 treatment plants mainland France. Once week on business days, 24 h flow-proportional composite samples are collected at plant inlets transported 5 °C (±3 °C) partner analysis. The process involves sample concentration, RNA extraction, digital RT-PCR/q-RT-PCR detect quantify presence genome wastewater. Subsequently, data transferred Santé publique France, French Public Health Agency, analysis interpretation. While has been instrumental pandemic holds significant potential broader application, securing sustainable funding its operation remains major challenge.

Language: Английский

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An efficient method to enhance recovery and detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater

Journal of Environmental Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 130, P. 139 - 148

Published: Oct. 12, 2022

Language: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 viral titer measurements in Ontario, Canada wastewaters throughout the COVID-19 pandemic

Scientific Data, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: June 21, 2024

Abstract During the COVID-19 pandemic, Province of Ontario, Canada, launched a wastewater surveillance program to monitor SARS-CoV-2, inspired by early work and successful forecasts waves in city Ottawa, Ontario. This manuscript presents dataset from January 1, 2021, March 31, 2023, with RT-qPCR results for SARS-CoV-2 genes PMMoV 107 sites across all 34 public health units covering 72% province’s 26.2% Canada’s population. Sampling occurred 2–7 times weekly, including geographical coordinates, serviced populations, physico-chemical water characteristics, flowrates. In doing so, this ensures data availability metadata preservation support future research epidemic preparedness through detailed analyses modeling. The has been crucial tracking disease locally, especially rise Omicron variant decline clinical testing, highlighting wastewater-based surveillance’s role estimating incidence

Language: Английский

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Hydrological and physicochemical parameters associated with SARS-CoV-2 and pepper mild mottle virus wastewater concentrations for a large-combined sewer system

Journal of Water and Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(3), P. 413 - 427

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

ABSTRACT During COVID-19, surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater has been a promising tool for tracking viral infection at the community level. However, addition to shedding rates within community, concentrations raw are influenced by several environmental factors. This study investigated effects characteristics on quantification and pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) large system with combined sewers. Principal component analysis illustrated that water temperature negatively correlates PMMoV wastewater, but flow rate EC highly correlated spring winter. The normalization using enhanced correlation clinical data compared pH, rate, SARS-CoV-2. reduced data. Multiple linear random forest (RF) applied predict given confirmed cases physicochemical parameters. RF regression was best model (R2=0.8), most important variables being followed temperature. is potent predictor presence wastewater. enhances degree reliability between outbreaks monitoring.

Language: Английский

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Variability of Clinical Metrics in Small Population Communities Drive Perceived Wastewater and Environmental Surveillance Data Quality: Ontario, Canada-Wide Study

ACS ES&T Water, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(4), P. 1605 - 1619

Published: March 7, 2025

The emergence of COVID-19 in Canada has led to over 4.9 million cases and 59,000 deaths by May 2024. Traditional clinical surveillance metrics (hospital admissions laboratory-positive cases) were complemented with wastewater environmental monitoring (WEM) monitor SARS-CoV-2 incidence. However, challenges public health integration WEM persist due perceived limitations data quality, potentially driving inconsistent correlations variability lead times. This study investigates how factors like population size, measurement magnitude, site isolation status, hospital admissions, affect Ontario. analysis uncovers a direct relationship between the size surveyed sewersheds, while magnitude was not directly impacted size. Higher observed smaller likely reducing correlation strength for inferring Population significantly influenced thresholds identified at ∼66,000 inhabitants strong WEM-hospital ∼68,000 WEM-laboratory-positive during waned vaccination periods Ontario (the Omicron BA.1 wave). During significant immunization BA.2 wave), these increased ∼187,000 238,000, respectively. These findings highlight benefit strategic interventions, especially communities. provides insights enhancing decision making disease through WEM, applicable other diseases.

Language: Английский

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Initial Establishment of Warning Model for Epidemic Intensity of Norovirus GII Associated with Acute Gastroenteritis in Beijing Based on Synthetic Index Method

Viruses, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 473 - 473

Published: March 26, 2025

At present, there is no research that classifies the epidemic intensity of Norovirus GII AGE combined cases and environmental surveillance data at same time. With reference to experience epidemiological-level classification infectious disease actual epidemiological status (NoV) in Chaoyang District, Beijing, China, NoV was divided into five grades with increasing from grade 1 5, which corresponds non-epidemic risk, general moderate high ultra-high respectively. If synthetic index two consecutive monitoring weeks season 2023–2024 exceeds a certain threshold, an early warning for corresponding will be issued recommendations on control measures given. This study established quantified criteria based case data. It provides other methods carry out relevant studies future. However, mathematical models cannot completely replace skilled experience. Therefore, when making decisions practice, it necessary refer opinions professional experienced experts avoid bias model affecting strategy judgment.

Language: Английский

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Near-source wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2, norovirus, influenza virus and RSV across five different sites in the UK

PLOS Global Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(4), P. e0004397 - e0004397

Published: April 9, 2025

By tracking infectious diseases through sewage, municipal-scale wastewater surveillance has provided early warnings of future COVID-19 hospitalisations, identified biases in diagnostic testing, and is rapidly expanding to a broader array pathogens. Despite applications the targeted delivery local interventions, near-source received less attention we know little about time series dynamics contrasting To address this, conducted at five sites for SARS-CoV-2 two norovirus GI, GII, influenza A virus, B human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV RSV B). Sites were selected functions: an office, charity centre, museum, university, care home. The key findings are (1) detections linked events (staff sickness, enhanced cleaning, changing populations); (2) decreased order GII > GI ≈ B; (3) correlation between data national increases as function catchment size viral prevalence (examples include BA.4/BA.5 variant peak museum winter season); (4) strong weekday periodicity detections, with against case numbers increasing when modelling variable lag times faecal shedding onset clinical diagnosis (R 2 = 0.45 0.84-0.86); (5) log-linear relationship frequency detection log(catchment size⋅viral prevalence) 0.6914-0.9066). Finally, propose use cases. Firstly, rare or high-risk pathogens, sentinel systems provide warning outbreaks, achieving high community coverage without behaviour change low cost versus testing. Secondly, endemic reveals long-term patterns trends, effectiveness policies, vulnerabilities.

Language: Английский

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Wastewater Monitoring for Infectious Disease: Intentional Relationships between Academia, the Private Sector, and Local Health Departments for Public Health Preparedness

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(17), P. 6651 - 6651

Published: Aug. 25, 2023

The public health emergency caused by the COVID-19 pandemic stimulated stakeholders from diverse disciplines and institutions to establish new collaborations produce informed responses disease. Wastewater-based epidemiology for grew quickly during required rapid implementation of such collaborations. objective this article is describe challenges results relationships developed in Detroit, MI, USA among a medical school an engineering college at academic institution (Wayne State University), local department (Detroit Health Department), environmental services company (LimnoTech) utilize markers virus, SARS-CoV-2, wastewater goal managing outbreaks. Our collaborative team resolved questions related sewershed selection, communication results, addressed technical that included ground-truthing sewer maps, overcoming supply chain issues, improving speed sensitivity measurements, training personnel deal with disease under conditions. Recognition our complementary roles clear partners enabled city-wide data inform within few months availability funding 2020, make improvements understanding be made as progressed evolved. As result, outbreaks Detroit fall winter 2021–2022 (corresponding Delta Omicron variant outbreaks) were tracked 20 sewersheds. Data comparing community- hospital-associated sewersheds indicate one- two-week advance warning community subsequent peaks viral hospital institutional impelled provide good basis continuing wastewater-based human pathogen future.

Language: Английский

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Implementing an adaptive, two-tiered SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance program on a university campus using passive sampling

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 912, P. 168998 - 168998

Published: Nov. 29, 2023

Language: Английский

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