Nonnative forest insects and pathogens in the United States: Impacts and policy options

Ecological Applications, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 1437 - 1455

Published: May 10, 2016

Abstract We review and synthesize information on invasions of nonnative forest insects diseases in the United States, including their ecological economic impacts, pathways arrival, distribution within policy options for reducing future invasions. Nonnative have accumulated States forests at a rate ~2.5 per yr over last 150 yr. Currently two major introduction are importation live plants wood packing material such as pallets crates. Introduced occur cities throughout problem is particularly severe N ortheast U pper M idwest. pests only disturbance agent that has effectively eliminated entire tree species or genera from decades. The resulting shift structure composition alters ecosystem functions productivity, nutrient cycling, wildlife habitat. In urban suburban areas, loss trees streets, yards, parks affects aesthetics, property values, shading, stormwater runoff, human health. damage not yet fully known, but likely billions dollars year, with majority this burden borne by municipalities residential owners. Current policies preventing introductions having positive effects insufficient to reduce influx face burgeoning global trade. Options available strengthen defenses against pest arrival establishment, measures taken exporting country prior shipment, ensure clean shipments products, inspections ports entry, post‐entry quarantines, surveillance, eradication programs. Improved data collection procedures inspections, greater accessibility, better reporting would support evaluation effectiveness. Lack additional action places nation, local municipalities, owners high risk further damaging costly Adopting stronger establishments new costs control source alleviate now homeowners municipalities.

Language: Английский

---

Invasive alien species on islands: impacts, distribution, interactions and management

Environmental Conservation, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 44(4), P. 359 - 370

Published: June 12, 2017

SUMMARY Invasive alien species (IASs) on islands have broad impacts across biodiversity, agriculture, economy, health and culture, which tend to be stronger than continents. Across small-island developing states (SIDSs), although only a small number of IASs are widely distributed, many more, including those with greatest impact, found islands. Patterns island invasion not consistent SIDS geographic regions, differences attributable correlated patterns in biogeography human development. We identify 15 the most globally prevalent IAS exacerbated through interactions other global change threats, over-exploitation, agricultural intensification, urban development climate change. Biosecurity is critical preventing Eradication possible at early stages invasion, but otherwise largely restricted invasive mammals, or control option. Future directions management research must consider within broader portfolio threats species, ecosystems people's livelihoods advocate for collaborations among countries territories faced same similar socio-ecological environments.

Language: Английский

---

Insecticide resistance in the tomato pinworm Tuta absoluta: patterns, spread, mechanisms, management and outlook

Journal of Pest Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 92(4), P. 1329 - 1342

Published: Jan. 31, 2019

Language: Английский

---

Prospects and challenges of implementing DNA metabarcoding for high-throughput insect surveillance

GigaScience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 8(8)

Published: July 30, 2019

Abstract Trap-based surveillance strategies are widely used for monitoring of invasive insect species, aiming to detect newly arrived exotic taxa as well track the population levels established or endemic pests. Where these traps have low specificity and capture non-target species in excess target pests, need extensive specimen sorting identification creates a major diagnostic bottleneck. While recent development standardized molecular diagnostics has partly alleviated this requirement, single per reaction nature methods does not readily scale sheer number insects trapped programmes. Consequently, lists often restricted few high-priority allowing unanticipated avoid detection potentially establish populations. DNA metabarcoding recently emerged method conducting simultaneous, multi-species complex mixed communities may lend itself ideally rapid bulk trap samples. Moreover, high-throughput sequencing platforms could enable multiplexing hundreds diverse samples on flow cell, thereby providing means dramatically up terms both quantity that can be processed concurrently pest targeted. In review literature, we explore how tailored context highlight unique technical regulatory challenges must considered when implementing technologies into sensitive applications.

Language: Английский

---

From eDNA to citizen science: emerging tools for the early detection of invasive species

Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 18(4), P. 194 - 202

Published: Feb. 3, 2020

Biological invasions are a form of global change threatening biodiversity, ecosystem stability, and human health, cost government agencies billions dollars in remediation eradication programs. Attempts to eradicate introduced species most successful when detection newly established populations occurs early the invasion process. We review existing emerging tools – specifically environmental DNA ( eDNA ), chemical approaches, remote sensing, citizen science, agency‐based monitoring for surveillance invasive species. For each tool, we consider benefits provided, examine challenges limitations, discuss data sharing integration, suggest best practice implementations Programs that promote public participation large‐scale biodiversity identification (such as iN aturalist eB ird) may be resources detection. However, from these platforms must monitored used by can mount appropriate response efforts. Control efforts more likely succeed they focused on prevention, thereby saving considerable time resources.

Language: Английский

---

Biological invasions in forest ecosystems

Biological Invasions, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 19(11), P. 3437 - 3458

Published: Sept. 2, 2017

Language: Английский

---

Risk Analysis and Bioeconomics of Invasive Species to Inform Policy and Management

Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 41(1), P. 453 - 488

Published: Sept. 12, 2016

Risk analysis of species invasions links biology and economics, is increasingly mandated by international national policies, enables improved management invasive species. Biological proceed through a series transition probabilities (i.e., introduction, establishment, spread, impact), each these presents opportunities for management. Recent research advances have estimates probability associated uncertainty. Improvements come from species-specific trait-based risk assessments (of impact probabilities, especially pathways commerce in living organisms), spatially explicit dispersal models (introduction transportation pathways), distribution (establishment, impact). Results forecasting combined with cheaper surveillance technologies practices [e.g., environmental DNA (eDNA), drones, citizen science] enable more efficient focusing surveillance, prevention, eradication, control efforts on the highest-risk locations. Bioeconomic account interacting dynamics within between ecological economic systems, allow decision makers to better understand financial consequences alternative strategies. In general, recent demonstrate that prevention policy greatest long-term net benefit.

Language: Английский

---

Integrated pest management of Tuta absoluta: practical implementations across different world regions

Journal of Pest Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 95(1), P. 17 - 39

Published: Oct. 31, 2021

Language: Английский

---

Economics of invasive species policy and management

Biological Invasions, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 19(11), P. 3333 - 3354

Published: March 16, 2017

This article examines the use of economic analysis to inform bioinvasion management, with particular focus on forest resources. Economics is key for understanding invasion processes, impacts, and decision-making. Biological invasions are driven by affect activities at multiple scales stages an invasion. Bioeconomic modeling seeks how resources can be optimally allocated across management activities—including prevention, surveillance programs early detection controlling populations spread—to minimize long-term costs damages. Economic facilitates decisions public private decision-makers, gaps between these, design policies achieve socially desirable outcomes. Private decision-makers may undercontrol relative optimal levels, because they generally account their own benefits control but less often broader ecosystem impacts or future spread landscape. considers approaches increasing evaluates feedbacks ecological systems that policy Future research should continue evaluation strategies biosecurity continuum species enhance cost-effectiveness, better incorporate uncertainty into design, increase incentives behavioral tools influence behaviors spread, invasive consideration within systems-focused science. In addition, challenges in valuing biodiversity service effectiveness measures data gaps. Greater collaboration researchers will facilitate development communication usable research.

Language: Английский

---

Functional eradication as a framework for invasive species control

Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 19(2), P. 98 - 107

Published: Oct. 29, 2020

Invasive species continue to drive major losses in biodiversity and ecosystem function across the globe. Dealing with effects of invasion is particularly problematic marine freshwater habitats, because pace at which invaders establish often greatly outstrips resources available for their eradication. While most managers North America now focus on ongoing containment suppression interventions, they lack quantitative guidance from set targets evaluate success. We propose practical guidelines identifying management invasions eradication unfeasible, based achieving “functional” – defined as suppressing invader populations below levels that cause unacceptable ecological within high‐priority locations. summarize key information needed inform this strategy, including density–impact functions recolonization rates. illustrate framework's application setting local using three globally invasive examples: red lionfish ( Pterois spp), European green crab Carcinus maenas ), rusty crayfish Faxonius rusticus ). Identifying allows estimate degree removal required mitigate impacts achieve sufficient control an invader.

Language: Английский

---