Shaping a Soft Future: Patterning Liquid Metals

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 35(19)

Published: Aug. 31, 2022

Abstract This review highlights the unique techniques for patterning liquid metals containing gallium (e.g., eutectic indium, EGaIn). These are enabled by two attributes of these liquids relative to solid metals: 1) The fluidity metal allows it be injected, sprayed, and generally dispensed. 2) native oxide shell adhere surfaces shaped in ways that would normally prohibited due surface tension. ability shape into non‐spherical structures such as wires, antennas, electrodes can enable fluidic metallic conductors stretchable electronics, soft robotics, e‐skins, wearables. key properties with a focus on methods pattern or devices summari.

Language: Английский

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A self-healing electrically conductive organogel composite

Nature Electronics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(3), P. 206 - 215

Published: March 9, 2023

Language: Английский

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A Liquid Metal Artificial Muscle

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 33(43)

Published: Sept. 12, 2021

Abstract Artificial muscles possess a vast potential in accelerating the development of robotics, exoskeletons, and prosthetics. Although variety emerging actuator technologies are reported, they suffer from several issues, such as high driving voltages, large hysteresis, water intolerance. Here, liquid metal artificial muscle (LMAM) is demonstrated, based on electrochemically tunable interfacial tension to mimic contraction extension muscles. The LMAM can work different solutions with wide range pH (0–14), generating actuation strains up 87% at maximum speed 15 mm s −1 . More importantly, only needs very low voltage 0.5 V. actuating components completely built liquids, which avoids mechanical fatigue provides linkages without constraints movement. used for developing proof‐of‐concept applications, including controlled displays, cargo deliveries, reconfigurable optical reflectors. simplicity, versatility, efficiency further demonstrated by using it actuate caudal fin an untethered bionic robotic fish. presented has extend performance space soft actuators applications engineering fields biomedical applications.

Language: Английский

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Critical Review on the Physical Properties of Gallium-Based Liquid Metals and Selected Pathways for Their Alteration

The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 125(37), P. 20113 - 20142

Published: Sept. 9, 2021

Gallium-based liquid metals have gained plenty of attention in the scientific community due to their extraordinary properties. The most intriguing properties are high surface tension, density anomaly, electrical and thermal conductivity, phase transition, temperature low viscosity combination with toxicity. Though there many reports physical gallium-based metals, some these highly scattered inconsistent. Therefore, we compile literature data aspects point out general relationships parameters, unravel inconsistencies literature. Subsequently, state reasons for observed scatter recommend science-based values researchers should employ. Furthermore, discuss important dependencies between introduce methods alter selected applications based on changing Finally, open questions concerned parameters which be investigated future.

Language: Английский

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Rapid meniscus-guided printing of stable semi-solid-state liquid metal microgranular-particle for soft electronics

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: May 12, 2022

Liquid metal is being regarded as a promising material for soft electronics owing to its distinct combination of high electrical conductivity comparable that metals and exceptional deformability derived from liquid state. However, the applicability still limited due difficulty in simultaneously achieving mechanical stability initial conductivity. Furthermore, reliable rapid patterning stable directly on various substrates at high-resolution remains formidable challenge. In this work, meniscus-guided printing ink containing polyelectrolyte-attached microgranular-particle an aqueous solvent generate semi-solid-state presented. printed evaporative regime mechanically stable, initially conductive, patternable down 50 μm substrates. Demonstrations ultrastretchable (~500% strain) circuit, customized e-skin, zero-waste ECG sensor validate simplicity, versatility, reliability manufacturing strategy, enabling broad utility development advanced electronics.

Language: Английский

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Highly permeable and ultrastretchable E-textiles with EGaIn-superlyophilicity for on-skin health monitoring, joule heating, and electromagnetic shielding

Nano Energy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 108, P. 108194 - 108194

Published: Jan. 9, 2023

Language: Английский

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Toxicity and Biocompatibility of Liquid Metals

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(3)

Published: Oct. 31, 2022

Abstract Recently, room‐temperature liquid metals have attracted increasing attention from researchers owing to their excellent material properties. Systematic interpretation of the potential toxicity issues involved is essential for a wide range applications, especially in biomedical and healthcare fields. However, even with exponential growth related studies, investigation toxicological impact possible hazards organisms still its infancy. This review aims provide comprehensive summary current frontier knowledge on metal toxicology biocompatibility different environments. Based recent this focuses Ga Bi‐based states. It necessary evaluate considering rapid increase research utilization such composites. Finally, existing challenges are discussed suggestions provided further clarify mechanisms strategies avoid adverse effects. In addition resolving doubts public concern about metals, expected promote healthy sustainable development metal‐based materials use diverse areas, those health care.

Language: Английский

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Phase transition science and engineering of gallium-based liquid metal

Matter, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(7), P. 2054 - 2085

Published: July 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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Emerging Role of Liquid Metals in Sensing

ACS Sensors, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(2), P. 386 - 408

Published: Feb. 4, 2022

Low melting point metals and alloys are the group of materials that combine metallic liquid properties, simultaneously. The fascinating characteristics (LMs) including softness high electrical thermal conductivity, as well their unique interfacial chemistry, have started to dominate various research disciplines. Utilization LMs responsive interfaces, enabling sensing in a flexible versatile manner, is one most promising traits demonstrated for LMs. In context LMs-enabled sensors, gallium (Ga) its emerged multipurpose functional with many compelling physical chemical properties. Responsiveness different stimuli easy-to-functionalize interfaces Ga-based make them ideal candidates variety applications. However, despite vast capabilities sensing, applications these developing sensors not been fully explored. present review, we provide comprehensive overview regarding wide range approaches cover sensors. features LMs, which discussed subsections followed by relevant case studies. Finally, challenges prospected future motifs highlighted each type LM-based

Language: Английский

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Gallium Liquid Metal: Nanotoolbox for Antimicrobial Applications

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(15), P. 14406 - 14423

Published: July 28, 2023

The proliferation of drug resistance in microbial pathogens poses a significant threat to human health. Hence, treatment measures are essential surmount this growing problem. In context, liquid metal nanoparticles promising. Gallium, post-transition notable for being at physiological temperature, has drawn attention its distinctive properties, high antimicrobial efficacy, and low toxicity. Moreover, gallium demonstrate anti-inflammatory properties immune cells. Gallium can alloy with other metals be prepared various composites modify tailor characteristics functionality. More importantly, the bactericidal mechanism could sidestep emerging mechanisms. Building on rationale, gallium-based enable impactful innovative strategic pathways battle against resistance. This review outlines nanoscale their corresponding mechanisms provide comprehensive yet succinct overview current applications. addition, challenges opportunities that require further research efforts have been identified discussed.

Language: Английский

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