Antioxidants,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
10(6), P. 973 - 973
Published: June 17, 2021
One
of
the
major
sources
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
generated
within
stem
cells
is
nicotinamide
adenine
dinucleotide
phosphate
(NADPH)
oxidase
family
enzymes
(NOXs),
which
are
critical
determinants
redox
state
beside
antioxidant
defense
mechanisms.
This
balance
involved
in
another
one
that
regulates
cell
fate:
indeed,
self-renewal,
proliferation,
and
differentiation
decisive
steps
for
during
embryo
development,
adult
tissue
renovation,
therapy
application.
Ex
vivo
culture-expanded
being
investigated
repair
immune
modulation,
but
events
such
as
aging,
senescence,
oxidative
stress
reduce
their
ex
crucial
clinical
applications.
Here,
we
review
role
NOX-derived
ROS
biology
functions,
focusing
on
positive
negative
effects
triggered
by
activity
different
NOX
isoforms.
We
report
recent
findings
downstream
molecular
targets
NOX-ROS
signaling
can
modulate
homeostasis
lineage
commitment
discuss
implications
expansion
engraftment,
function,
longevity.
highlights
a
pivotal
regulator
several
populations,
conclude
these
aspects
have
important
utility
cells,
further
studies
pharmacological
modulation
human
imperative.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Sept. 30, 2023
Declined
numbers
and
weakened
functions
of
intestinal
stem
cells
(ISCs)
impair
the
integrity
epithelium
during
aging.
However,
impact
microbiota
on
ISCs
in
this
process
is
unclear.
Here,
using
premature
aging
mice
(telomerase
RNA
component
knockout,
Terc-/-),
natural
mice,
vitro
colonoid
models,
we
explore
how
heat-inactivated
Bifidobacterium
adolescentis
(B.
adolescentis)
affects
colon
senescence.
We
find
that
B.
could
mitigate
colonic
senescence-related
changes
by
enhancing
stimulating
regeneration
Lgr5+
via
Wnt/β-catenin
signaling.
Furthermore,
uncover
involvement
Paneth-like
(PLCs)
within
stem-cell-supporting
niche
adolescentis-induced
ISC
regeneration.
In
addition,
identify
soluble
polysaccharides
(SPS)
as
potential
effective
components
adolescentis.
Overall,
our
findings
reveal
role
maintaining
barrier,
propose
a
target
for
ameliorating
International Journal of Biological Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
20(11), P. 4476 - 4495
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Chronic
stress
is
closely
associated
with
gastrointestinal
disorders.
However,
the
impact
of
stress-related
neurotransmitters
such
as
serotonin
(5-hydroxytryptamine,
5-HT)
on
intestines
under
chronic
conditions
remains
poorly
understood.
This
study
aims
to
elucidate
mechanisms
by
which
5-HT
affects
mitochondrial
biogenesis
and
intestinal
barrier
integrity
during
stress.
Employing
a
restraint
(CRS)
mouse
model,
we
observed
elevated
levels,
altered
colonic
mucosal
structure,
disrupted
tight
junctions.
The
increase
in
was
up-regulated
synthesis
enzymes
downregulated
reuptake
transporters,
indicating
an
imbalance
homeostasis
caused
Furthermore,
exacerbated
oxidative
impaired
junction
protein
expression,
highlighting
its
role
promoting
dysfunction.
Experiments
cells
Cell Reports,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
33(8), P. 108423 - 108423
Published: Nov. 1, 2020
In
many
tissues,
stem
cell
(SC)
proliferation
is
dynamically
adjusted
to
regenerative
needs.
How
SCs
adapt
their
metabolism
meet
the
demands
of
and
how
changes
in
such
adaptive
mechanisms
contribute
age-related
dysfunction
remain
poorly
understood.
Here,
we
identify
mitochondrial
Ca2+
uptake
as
a
central
coordinator
SC
metabolism.
Live
imaging
genetically
encoded
metabolite
sensors
intestinal
(ISCs)
Drosophila
reveals
that
transiently
adapts
electron
transport
chain
flux
match
energetic
demand
upon
proliferative
activation.
This
tight
metabolic
adaptation
lost
ISCs
old
flies,
declines
promote
"Warburg-like"
reprogramming
toward
aerobic
glycolysis.
switch
mimics
by
oncogene
RasV12
enhances
ISC
hyperplasia.
Our
data
critical
mechanism
for
tissue
reveal
its
decline
sets
aging
on
trajectory
reminiscent
seen
oncogenic
transformation.
Antioxidants,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
10(6), P. 973 - 973
Published: June 17, 2021
One
of
the
major
sources
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
generated
within
stem
cells
is
nicotinamide
adenine
dinucleotide
phosphate
(NADPH)
oxidase
family
enzymes
(NOXs),
which
are
critical
determinants
redox
state
beside
antioxidant
defense
mechanisms.
This
balance
involved
in
another
one
that
regulates
cell
fate:
indeed,
self-renewal,
proliferation,
and
differentiation
decisive
steps
for
during
embryo
development,
adult
tissue
renovation,
therapy
application.
Ex
vivo
culture-expanded
being
investigated
repair
immune
modulation,
but
events
such
as
aging,
senescence,
oxidative
stress
reduce
their
ex
crucial
clinical
applications.
Here,
we
review
role
NOX-derived
ROS
biology
functions,
focusing
on
positive
negative
effects
triggered
by
activity
different
NOX
isoforms.
We
report
recent
findings
downstream
molecular
targets
NOX-ROS
signaling
can
modulate
homeostasis
lineage
commitment
discuss
implications
expansion
engraftment,
function,
longevity.
highlights
a
pivotal
regulator
several
populations,
conclude
these
aspects
have
important
utility
cells,
further
studies
pharmacological
modulation
human
imperative.
