Molecules,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
25(23), P. 5672 - 5672
Published: Dec. 1, 2020
In
nanoparticle
(NP)-mediated
drug
delivery,
liposomes
are
the
most
widely
used
carrier,
and
only
NP
system
currently
approved
by
FDA
for
clinical
use,
owing
to
their
advantageous
physicochemical
properties
excellent
biocompatibility.
Recent
advances
in
liposome
technology
have
been
focused
on
bioconjugation
strategies
improve
loading,
targeting,
overall
efficacy.
this
review,
we
highlight
recent
literature
reports
(covering
last
five
years)
enhancement
of
liposome-mediated
delivery.
These
encompass
improvement
loading/incorporation
specific
targeting
site
interest/drug
action.
We
conclude
with
a
section
highlighting
role
systems
being
evaluated
use
forward-looking
discussion
field
liposomal
The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology,
Journal Year:
1996,
Volume and Issue:
36(1), P. 83 - 106
Published: April 1, 1996
The
pathophysiologies
of
neurodegenerative
diseases,
including
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis
(ALS),
Parkinson's
disease
(PD),
and
Alzheimer's
(AD),
are
far
from
being
fully
explained.Oxidative
stress
(OS)
has
been
proposed
as
one
factor
that
plays
a
potential
role
in
the
pathogenesis
disorders.Clinical
preclinical
studies
indicate
diseases
characterized
by
higher
levels
OS
biomarkers
lower
antioxidant
defense
brain
peripheral
tissues.In
this
article,
we
review
current
knowledge
regarding
involvement
based
on
clinical
trials
animal
studies.In
addition,
analyze
effects
drug-induced
modulation
oxidative
balance,
explore
pharmacotherapeutic
strategies
for
reduction.
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity,
Journal Year:
2013,
Volume and Issue:
2013, P. 1 - 10
Published: Jan. 1, 2013
Glutathione
(GSH)
plays
an
important
role
in
a
multitude
of
cellular
processes,
including
cell
differentiation,
proliferation,
and
apoptosis,
disturbances
GSH
homeostasis
are
involved
the
etiology
progression
many
human
diseases
cancer.
While
deficiency,
or
decrease
GSH/glutathione
disulphide
(GSSG)
ratio,
leads
to
increased
susceptibility
oxidative
stress
implicated
cancer,
elevated
levels
increase
antioxidant
capacity
resistance
as
observed
cancer
cells.
The
present
review
highlights
related
cytoprotective
effects
carcinogenesis
sensitivity
tumors
cytotoxic
anticancer
agents.
The Journal of Cell Biology,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
217(7), P. 2291 - 2298
Published: June 18, 2018
Glutathione
(GSH)
is
the
most
abundant
antioxidant
found
in
living
organisms
and
has
multiple
functions,
of
which
maintain
cellular
redox
homeostasis.
GSH
preserves
sufficient
levels
cysteine
detoxifies
xenobiotics
while
also
conferring
therapeutic
resistance
to
cancer
cells.
However,
metabolism
plays
both
beneficial
pathogenic
roles
a
variety
malignancies.
It
crucial
removal
detoxification
carcinogens,
alterations
this
pathway
can
have
profound
effect
on
cell
survival.
Excess
promotes
tumor
progression,
where
elevated
correlate
with
increased
metastasis.
In
review,
we
discuss
recent
studies
that
focus
deciphering
role
initiation
progression
as
well
mechanisms
underlying
how
imparts
treatment
growing
cancers.
Targeting
synthesis/utilization
therefore
represents
potential
means
rendering
cells
more
susceptible
different
options
such
chemotherapy
radiotherapy.
Archives of Toxicology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
97(10), P. 2499 - 2574
Published: Aug. 19, 2023
Abstract
A
physiological
level
of
oxygen/nitrogen
free
radicals
and
non-radical
reactive
species
(collectively
known
as
ROS/RNS)
is
termed
oxidative
eustress
or
“good
stress”
characterized
by
low
to
mild
levels
oxidants
involved
in
the
regulation
various
biochemical
transformations
such
carboxylation,
hydroxylation,
peroxidation,
modulation
signal
transduction
pathways
Nuclear
factor-κB
(NF-κB),
Mitogen-activated
protein
kinase
(MAPK)
cascade,
phosphoinositide-3-kinase,
nuclear
factor
erythroid
2–related
2
(Nrf2)
other
processes.
Increased
ROS/RNS,
generated
from
both
endogenous
(mitochondria,
NADPH
oxidases)
and/or
exogenous
sources
(radiation,
certain
drugs,
foods,
cigarette
smoking,
pollution)
result
a
harmful
condition
stress
(“bad
stress”).
Although
it
widely
accepted,
that
many
chronic
diseases
are
multifactorial
origin,
they
share
common
denominator.
Here
we
review
importance
mechanisms
through
which
contributes
pathological
states
an
organism.
Attention
focused
on
chemistry
ROS
RNS
(e.g.
superoxide
radical,
hydrogen
peroxide,
hydroxyl
radicals,
peroxyl
nitric
oxide,
peroxynitrite),
their
role
damage
DNA,
proteins,
membrane
lipids.
Quantitative
qualitative
assessment
biomarkers
also
discussed.
Oxidative
pathology
cancer,
cardiovascular
diseases,
diabetes,
neurological
disorders
(Alzheimer’s
Parkinson’s
Down
syndrome),
psychiatric
(depression,
schizophrenia,
bipolar
disorder),
renal
disease,
lung
disease
(chronic
pulmonary
obstruction,
cancer),
aging.
The
concerted
action
antioxidants
ameliorate
effect
achieved
antioxidant
enzymes
(Superoxide
dismutases-SODs,
catalase,
glutathione
peroxidase-GPx),
small
molecular
weight
(vitamins
C
E,
flavonoids,
carotenoids,
melatonin,
ergothioneine,
others).
Perhaps
one
most
effective
vitamin
first
line
defense
against
peroxidation
promising
approach
appears
be
use
flavonoids),
showing
weak
prooxidant
properties
may
boost
cellular
systems
thus
act
preventive
anticancer
agents.
Redox
metal-based
enzyme
mimetic
compounds
potential
pharmaceutical
interventions
sirtuins
therapeutic
targets
for
age-related
anti-aging
strategies
Molecular Neurobiology,
Journal Year:
2015,
Volume and Issue:
53(6), P. 4094 - 4125
Published: July 21, 2015
The
pathophysiologies
of
neurodegenerative
diseases,
including
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis
(ALS),
Parkinson's
disease
(PD),
and
Alzheimer's
(AD),
are
far
from
being
fully
explained.
Oxidative
stress
(OS)
has
been
proposed
as
one
factor
that
plays
a
potential
role
in
the
pathogenesis
disorders.
Clinical
preclinical
studies
indicate
diseases
characterized
by
higher
levels
OS
biomarkers
lower
antioxidant
defense
brain
peripheral
tissues.
In
this
article,
we
review
current
knowledge
regarding
involvement
based
on
clinical
trials
animal
studies.
addition,
analyze
effects
drug-induced
modulation
oxidative
balance,
explore
pharmacotherapeutic
strategies
for
reduction.
