Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Pathogenesis and Natural Products for Prevention and Treatment

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(24), P. 15489 - 15489

Published: Dec. 7, 2022

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic disease, affecting approximately one-quarter of global population, and has become a world public health issue. NAFLD clinicopathological syndrome characterized by hepatic steatosis, excluding ethanol other definite damage factors. Recent studies have shown that development associated with lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum lipotoxicity. A range natural products been reported as regulators in vivo vitro. This paper reviews pathogenesis some to therapeutic effects on NAFLD. Our work shows can be potential option for

Language: Английский

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SGLT-2 Inhibitors in NAFLD: Expanding Their Role beyond Diabetes and Cardioprotection

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(6), P. 3107 - 3107

Published: March 13, 2022

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an 'umbrella' term, comprising a spectrum ranging from benign, steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrosis and eventually cirrhosis hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD has evolved as major health problem in recent years. Discovering ways prevent or delay the progression of become global focus. Lifestyle modifications remain cornerstone treatment, even though various pharmaceutical interventions are currently under clinical trial. Among them, sodium-glucose co-transporter type-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) emerging promising agents. Processes regulated by SGLT-2i, such endoplasmic reticulum (ER) oxidative stress, low-grade inflammation, autophagy apoptosis all implicated pathogenesis. In this review, we summarize current understanding pathophysiology, specifically focus on potential impact SGLT-2i development progression, providing evidence vitro, animal human studies. Given evidence, further mechanistic studies would advance our exact mechanisms underlying pathogenesis beneficial actions context treatment.

Language: Английский

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Assessment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Symptoms and Gut–Liver Axis Status in Zebrafish after Exposure to Polystyrene Microplastics and Oxytetracycline, Alone and in Combination

Environmental Health Perspectives, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 131(4)

Published: April 1, 2023

Background: Environmental pollution may give rise to the incidence and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), most common cause for chronic severe lesions. Although knowledge NAFLD pathogenesis is particularly important development effective prevention, relationship between occurrence exposure emerging pollutants, such as microplastics (MPs) antibiotic residues, awaits assessment. Objectives: This study aimed evaluate toxicity MPs residues related using zebrafish model species. Methods: Taking polystyrene oxytetracycline (OTC) representatives, typical symptoms, including lipid accumulation, inflammation, hepatic oxidative stress, were screened after 28-d environmentally realistic concentrations (0.69mg/L) residue (3.00μg/L). The impacts OTC on gut health, gut–liver axis, metabolism also investigated reveal potential affecting mechanisms underpinning symptoms observed. Results: Compared with control fish, exposed exhibited significantly higher levels triglycerides, cholesterol contents, well in conjunction stress their livers. In addition, a markedly smaller proportion Proteobacteria ratios Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes detected by microbiome analysis contents treated samples. After exposures, experienced intestinal injury yielded fewer numbers goblet cells. Markedly bacteria-sourced endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) serum. Animals expression LPS binding receptor (LBP) downstream inflammation-related genes while exhibiting lower activity gene lipase. Furthermore, MP-OTC coexposure generally exerted more effects compared single MP or exposure. Discussion: Our results suggested that disrupt axis be associated occurrence. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11600

Language: Английский

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Hepatic selective insulin resistance at the intersection of insulin signaling and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(5), P. 947 - 968

Published: May 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Global epidemiology of type 2 diabetes in patients with NAFLD or MAFLD: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: March 6, 2024

Abstract Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic-associated (MAFLD) shares common pathophysiological mechanisms with type 2 diabetes, making them significant risk factors for diabetes. The present study aimed to assess the epidemiological feature of diabetes in patients NAFLD or MAFLD at global levels. Methods Published studies were searched terms that included using PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web Science databases from their inception December 2022. pooled regional prevalence incidence density evaluated random-effects meta-analysis. Potential sources heterogeneity investigated stratified meta-analysis meta-regression. Results A total 395 (6,878,568 participants NAFLD; 1,172,637 MAFLD) 40 countries areas among was 28.3% (95% confidence interval 25.2–31.6%) 26.2% (23.9–28.6%) globally. 24.6 per 1000-person year (20.7 29.2) 26.9 (7.3 44.4), respectively. Conclusions describes MAFLD. findings serve as a valuable resource clinical economic impact

Language: Английский

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Metformin improves nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in db/db mice by inhibiting ferroptosis

European Journal of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 966, P. 176341 - 176341

Published: Jan. 19, 2024

Language: Английский

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Exploring the Multifaceted Landscape of MASLD: A Comprehensive Synthesis of Recent Studies, from Pathophysiology to Organoids and Beyond

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 397 - 397

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a widespread contributor to chronic globally. A recent consensus on renaming was established, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic disease, MASLD, chosen as the replacement for NAFLD. The disease’s range extends from less severe previously known non-alcoholic (NAFL), more intense steatohepatitis (MASH), (NASH), characterized by inflammation apoptosis. This research project endeavors comprehensively synthesize most studies encompassing wide spectrum of topics such pathophysiology, risk factors, dietary influences, lifestyle management, genetics, epigenetics, therapeutic approaches, prospective trajectory particularly exploring its connection with organoids.

Language: Английский

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Anti-diabetic effect of anthocyanin cyanidin-3-O-glucoside: data from insulin resistant hepatocyte and diabetic mouse

Nutrition and Diabetes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract Background Anthocyanins are a group of natural products widely found in plants. They have been to alleviate the disorders glucose metabolism type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), while underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Methods HepG2 and L02 cells were incubated with 0.2 mM PA 30 for 24 h induce IR, treated 5 used as control. C57BL/6 J male mice db/db fed chow diet gavaged pure water or cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) solution (150 mg/kg/day) 6 weeks. Results In this study, anthocyanin C3G, extracted from red bayberry, was metabolism, which resulted increased insulin sensitivity hepatocytes, achieved by enhancing consumption well glycogen synthesis resistance (IR) hepatpcytes. Subsequently, expression key proteins involved IR detected western blotting analysis. Protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP1B), negative regulator signaling, could reduce cellular inhibiting phosphorylation receptor substrate-2 (IRS-2). study showed that C3G inhibited increase PTP1B after high palmitic acid treatment. And inhibition accompanied IRS proteins. Furthermore, effect on improving vivo validated using diabetic mouse model. Conclusion These findings demonstrated vitro sensitivity, may offer new insight regulating during T2DM dietary bioactive components.

Language: Английский

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MAFLD: Exploring the Systemic Effects Beyond Liver.

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 4, 2025

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a growing global health concern which driven by the increasing prevalence of diabetes and obesity. MAFLD characterized excessive fat accumulation in liver, encompasses range conditions, from simple hepatic steatosis to more severe forms. This condition associated with various complications, including chronic kidney (CKD), Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), cirrhosis, even malignancy. Recent research has highlighted potential connection between gut dysbiosis MAFLD, particularly relation CKD. underscored significance gut-liver-kidney axis understanding MAFLD's pathogenesis. Inflammation triggered increases risk CVD through multiple mechanisms linked metabolic dysfunction. These include heightened oxidative stress, systemic insulin resistance, low-grade inflammation, endothelial Hepatic dysfunction are major diagnostic criteria for often coexisting other ailments. prospective review emphasizes intricate associations cardiovascular renal issues, diseases. Understanding underlying pathophysiological pathways crucial comprehending increased CKD, CVD, complications individuals MAFLD.

Language: Английский

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Prediction of MASLD using different screening indexes in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus

Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic (MASLD) has now become the most widespread chronic worldwide. The primary goal of this study is to assess ability different indexes (including VAI, TyG, HOMA-IR, BMI, LAP, WHtR, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR) predict MASLD in individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), particularly within Chinese population. This cross-sectional involved 1,742 patients T2DM, recruited from Metabolic Management Centers (MMC) at Suzhou Municipal Hospital. Abdominal ultrasonography was employed for diagnosis T2DM. predictive accuracy various screening T2DM population evaluated using logistic regression receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. Among participants, 996 were MASLD. After adjusting potential confounding factors, positive associations risk found all nine indexes. lipid accumulation product (LAP) exhibited greatest value detecting MASLD, an area under (AUC) 0.786(95%CI 0.764,0.807), followed by BMI(AUC = 0.785), VAI(AUC 0.744), TyG(AUC 0.720), WHtR(AUC 0.710) HOMA-IR(AUC 0.676). composite Indexes (TyG-BMI, also showed considerable AUCs 0.765, 0.752 0.748, respectively. Our results indicated that have favorable correlations them a good performance predicting According our study, LAP reliable index among patients. exploration non-invasive screenings will provide significant support early detection

Language: Английский

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