The Ketogenic Diet and Cardiovascular Diseases

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(15), P. 3368 - 3368

Published: July 28, 2023

The most common and increasing causes of death worldwide are cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Taking into account the fact that diet is a key factor, it worth exploring this aspect CVD prevention therapy. aim article to assess potential ketogenic in treatment CVD. comprehensive, meticulous analysis literature area, taking recent studies currently available. has been shown have multifaceted effect on Among other aspects, beneficial blood lipid profile, even compared diets. It shows strong anti-inflammatory cardioprotective potential, which due, among factors, properties state ketosis, elimination simple sugars, restriction total carbohydrates supply omega-3 fatty acids. In addition, ketone bodies provide "rescue fuel" for diseased heart by affecting its metabolism. They also function vascular endothelium, including improving inhibiting premature ageing. pressure risk factors through, weight loss. evidence cited often superior standard diets, making likely advantages over dietary models diseases. There legitimate need further research area.

Language: Английский

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Brain aging shows nonlinear transitions, suggesting a midlife “critical window” for metabolic intervention

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 122(10)

Published: March 3, 2025

Understanding the key drivers of brain aging is essential for effective prevention and treatment neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we integrate human physiological data to investigate underlying mechanisms. Functional MRI analyses across four large datasets (totaling 19,300 participants) show that networks not only destabilize throughout lifetime but do so along a nonlinear trajectory, with consistent temporal "landmarks" starting in midlife (40s). Comparison metabolic, vascular, inflammatory biomarkers implicate dysregulated glucose homeostasis as driver mechanism these transitions. Correlation between brain's regionally heterogeneous patterns gene expression further supports findings, selectively implicating GLUT4 (insulin-dependent transporter) APOE (lipid transport protein). Notably, MCT2 (a neuronal, glial, ketone emerges potential counteracting factor by facilitating neurons' energy uptake independently insulin. Consistent results, an interventional study 101 participants shows ketones exhibit robust effects restabilizing networks, maximized from ages 40 60, suggesting "critical window" early metabolic intervention.

Language: Английский

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Metabolic Messengers: ketone bodies

Nature Metabolism, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(12), P. 2062 - 2074

Published: Dec. 13, 2023

Language: Английский

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The role of mitochondria in myocardial damage caused by energy metabolism disorders: From mechanisms to therapeutics

Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 208, P. 236 - 251

Published: Aug. 9, 2023

Language: Английский

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The therapeutic potential of ketones in cardiometabolic disease: impact on heart and skeletal muscle

AJP Cell Physiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 326(2), P. C551 - C566

Published: Jan. 9, 2024

β-Hydroxybutyrate (βOHB) is the major ketone in body, and it recognized as a metabolic energy source an important signaling molecule. While oxidation essential brain during prolonged fasting/starvation, other organs such skeletal muscle heart also use ketones substrates. Additionally, βOHB-mediated molecular events occur cells, via metabolism and/or signaling, may contribute to optimal health cardiac function. Of importance, when of for ATP production molecules becomes disturbed presence underlying obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, these changes cardiometabolic disease. As result disturbances disease, multiple approaches have been used elevate circulating with goal optimizing either or ketone-mediated signaling. These produced significant improvements disease wide range benefits that include improved metabolism, weight loss, better glycemic control, vascular function, well reduced inflammation oxidative stress. Herein, we present evidence indicates therapy could be approach help treat diseases by targeting muscles.

Language: Английский

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Myocardial Metabolism in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 1195 - 1195

Published: Feb. 20, 2024

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is increasingly prevalent and now accounts for half of all heart cases. This rise largely attributed to growing rates obesity, hypertension, diabetes. Despite its prevalence, the pathophysiological mechanisms HFpEF are not fully understood. The heart, being most energy-demanding organ, appears have a compromised bioenergetic capacity in failure, affecting phenotypes aetiologies. While metabolic disturbances reduced (HFrEF) been extensively studied, similar insights into limited. review collates evidence from both animal human studies, highlighting dysregulations associated risk factors, such as We discuss how changes substrate utilisation, oxidative phosphorylation, energy transport contribute HFpEF. By delving these pathological shifts myocardial production, we aim reveal novel therapeutic opportunities. Potential strategies include modulating substrates, improving efficiency, enhancing critical pathways. Understanding aspects could be key developing more effective treatments

Language: Английский

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A High-Fat Diet Induces Epigenetic 1-Carbon Metabolism, Homocystinuria, and Renal-Dependent HFpEF

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 216 - 216

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Chronic gut dysbiosis due to a high-fat diet (HFD) instigates cardiac remodeling and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), in particular, kidney/volume-dependent HFpEF. Studies report that although mitochondrial ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) supports function, it decreases more human HFpEF than HFrEF. Interestingly, ACLY synthesizes lipids creates hyperlipidemia. Epigenetically, acetylates histone. The mechanism(s) are largely unknown. One hypothesis is an HFD induces epigenetic folate 1-carbon metabolism (FOCM) homocystinuria. This abrogates dipping sleep-time blood pressure causes hypertension morning attacks. We observed probiotics/lactobacillus utilize fat/lipids post-biotically, increasing bioenergetics attenuating suggest novel paradigm-shift sulfur trans-sulfuration pathways selectively target HFD-induced Previous studies from our laboratory, using single-cell analysis, revealed increase the transporter (SLC25A) of s-adenosine-methionine (SAM) during elevated levels homocysteine (Hcy, i.e., homocystinuria, HHcy), consequence impaired recycling Hcy back methionine FOCM methylation H3K4, K9, H4K20, gene writer (DNMT) decrease eraser (TET/FTO). transported mitochondria by SLC7A for clearance via metabolomic 3-mercaptopyruvate transferase (3MST). conclude disrupts rhythmic memory increases DNMT1 leading bioenergetics. treatment lactobacillus metabolites post-biotically bi-directionally produces folic acid lactone-ketone body mitigates

Language: Английский

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Cardiac maturation

Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 187, P. 38 - 50

Published: Dec. 30, 2023

The heart undergoes a dynamic maturation process following birth, in response to wide range of stimuli, including both physiological and pathological cues. This entails substantial re-programming mitochondrial energy metabolism coincident with the emergence specialized structural contractile machinery meet demands adult heart. Many components this program revert more "fetal" format during development cardiac hypertrophy failure. In review, emphasis is placed on recent progress our understanding transcriptional control maturation, encompassing results studies spanning from vivo models cardiomyocytes derived human stem cells. potential applications current state knowledge new translational avenues aimed at treatment failure also addressed.

Language: Английский

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The ketogenic diet does not improve cardiac function and blunts glucose oxidation in ischaemic heart failure

Cardiovascular Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 120(10), P. 1126 - 1137

Published: April 29, 2024

Cardiac energy metabolism is perturbed in ischaemic heart failure and characterized by a shift from mitochondrial oxidative to glycolysis. Notably, the failing relies more on ketones for than healthy heart, an adaptive mechanism that improves energy-starved status of heart. However, whether this can be implemented therapeutically remains unknown. Therefore, our aim was determine if increasing ketone delivery via ketogenic diet improve outcomes failure.

Language: Английский

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Cardiovascular aging: spotlight on mitochondria

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 326(2), P. H317 - H333

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Mitochondria are cellular organelles critical for ATP production and particularly relevant to cardiovascular diseases including heart failure, atherosclerosis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, cardiomyopathies. With advancing age, even in the absence of clinical disease, mitochondrial homeostasis becomes disrupted (e.g., redox balance, DNA damage, oxidative metabolism, quality control). Mitochondrial dysregulation leads accumulation damaged dysfunctional mitochondria, producing excessive reactive oxygen species perpetuating dysfunction. In addition, DNA, cardiolipin,

Language: Английский

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