Physiology & Behavior, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 114825 - 114825
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Hypertension, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 81(1), P. 75 - 86
Published: Nov. 29, 2023
Hypertension-associated cerebral small vessel disease is a common finding in older people. Strongly associated with age and hypertension, found at autopsy over 50% of people aged ≥65 years, spectrum clinical manifestations. It the main cause lacunar stroke major source vascular contributions to cognitive impairment dementia. The brain areas affected are subcortical periventricular white matter deep gray nuclei. Neuropathological sequelae diffuse lesions (seen as hyperintensities on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging), ischemic foci (lacunes or microinfarcts), less commonly, microhemorrhages. most form concentric, fibrotic thickening penetrating arteries (up 300 microns outer diameter) termed arteriolosclerosis. Less forms artery atheroma lipohyalinosis (the described by C. Miller Fisher adjacent lacunes). Other microvascular that not reviewed here include amyloid angiopathy venous collagenosis. Here, we review epidemiology, neuropathology, management, genetics, preclinical models, pathogenesis hypertensive disease. Knowledge gaps initiating factors, molecular pathogenesis, relationships between arterial pathology tissue damage, possible reversibility, pharmacological targets, biomarkers. Progress anticipated from multicell transcriptomic proteomic profiling, novel experimental models further target-finding interventional studies.
Language: Английский
Citations
73
Nature Reviews Cardiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: July 24, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
29
Journal of Clinical Investigation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 134(10)
Published: May 14, 2024
Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) encompasses a heterogeneous group of age-related pathologies that affect multiple regions. Disease manifestations range from lesions incidentally detected on neuroimaging (white matter hyperintensities, deep infarcts, microbleeds, or enlarged perivascular spaces) to severe disability and cognitive impairment. cSVD accounts for approximately 25% ischemic strokes the vast majority spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage is also most important vascular contributor dementia. Despite its high prevalence potentially long therapeutic window, there are still no mechanism-based treatments. Here, we provide an overview recent advances in this field. We summarize data highlighting remarkable continuum between monogenic multifactorial cSVDs involving NOTCH3, HTRA1, COL4A1/A2 genes. Taking vessel-centric view, discuss possible cause-and-effect relationships risk factors, structural functional changes, manifestations, underscoring some major knowledge gaps. Although endothelial dysfunction rightly considered central feature cSVD, contributions smooth muscle cells, pericytes, other cells warrant continued investigation.
Language: Английский
Citations
16
Endocrine Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 45(2), P. 210 - 226
Published: Aug. 21, 2023
Abstract The decline in cognitive function and the prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders are among most serious threats to health old age. dementia has reached 50 million people worldwide become a major public problem. causes age-related impairment multiple, complex, difficult determine. However, type 2 diabetes (T2D) is linked an enhanced risk dementia. Human studies have shown that patients with T2D exhibit dysbiosis gut microbiota. This may contribute development insulin resistance increased plasma lipopolysaccharide concentrations. Metformin medication mimics some benefits calorie restriction physical activity, such as greater sensitivity decreased cholesterol levels, hence also positive impact on aging humans. According recent human investigations, metformin might partially restore related T2D. Likewise, showed reduced improved cognition, although not all concordant. Therefore, this review focused those describing effects microbiome (specifically changes taxonomy, function, circulating metabolomics), their possible bidirectional implications.
Language: Английский
Citations
24
Translational Stroke Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(6), P. 1050 - 1069
Published: Oct. 21, 2023
Language: Английский
Citations
24
BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)
Published: Jan. 2, 2024
Evidence on the association between multimorbidity and cognitive impairment in Chinese older population is limited. In addition, whether a healthy lifestyle can protect function multimorbid remains unknown.
Language: Английский
Citations
13
Journal of Tissue Engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
The selective permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) enables necessary exchange substances between brain parenchyma and circulating blood is important for normal functioning central nervous system. Ischemic stroke inflicts damage upon BBB, triggering adverse outcomes such as cerebral edema, hemorrhagic transformation, aggravated neuroinflammation. Therefore, effective repair damaged BBB after neovascularization that allows unique transfer from recovery function. This review focuses on four therapies have effects tissue in last seven years. Most these new show increased expression tight-junction proteins, some beneficial results terms enhanced pericyte coverage at injured vessels. also briefly outlines three classes approaches their mechanisms promoting neoangiogenesis following a stroke.
Language: Английский
Citations
10
Open Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Diabetes-related cognitive impairment is increasingly recognized as a significant complication, profoundly impacting patients' quality of life. This review aims to examine the pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical manifestations, risk factors, assessment and diagnosis, management strategies, future research directions in diabetes. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Medline, other medical databases identify, review, evaluate published articles on The focused studies examining pathophysiology, presentations, diagnostic approaches, strategies. current revealed that chronic hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, vascular factors are major contributing deficits Clinical manifestations include impairments attention, memory, executive function, visuospatial abilities, language. Risk encompass disease duration, glycemic control, presence complications, age, education level, comorbidities. Assessment tools screening instruments, neuropsychological testing, neuroimaging techniques. Management strategies involve control optimization, lifestyle modifications, training, pharmacological interventions. highlights prevalence impact diabetes, resulting from complex metabolic disturbances. Early detection multifaceted interventions crucial for preserving function improving patient outcomes. Future should focus neuroprotective biomarker identification, personalized approaches. Collaborative efforts between clinicians researchers essential effectively address this growing healthcare challenge enhance life individuals with diabetes-related impairment.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Alzheimer s & Dementia, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Jan. 27, 2025
Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative characterized by progressive cognitive dysfunction. The strong link between nutrition and the occurrence progression of AD pathology has been well documented. Poor nutritional status accelerates progress potentially aggravating amyloid beta (Aβ) tau deposition, exacerbating oxidative stress response, modulating microbiota–gut–brain axis, disrupting blood–brain barrier function. advanced stage tends to lead malnutrition due impairments, sensory dysfunctions, brain atrophy, behavioral psychological symptoms dementia (BPSD). This, in turn, produces vicious cycle AD. This review discusses how factors deteriorate each other from early terminal stages AD, focusing on potential different levels factors, ranging micronutrients diet patterns. provides novel insights into reducing risk delaying its progression, improving prognosis. Highlights Two‐fifths cases worldwide have attributed modifiable factors. Up ≈26% community‐dwelling patients with are malnourished, compared 7%∼76% institutionalized patients. Undernutrition effects onset, prognosis through multiple mechanisms. Various supports were confirmed be protective for via specific
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 57 - 57
Published: Jan. 30, 2025
Background/Objectives: Cognitive impairment is a debilitating comorbidity affecting diverse patient populations, yet the cognitive effects of therapies like mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) remain underexplored. Preclinical evidence suggests that MRAs, particularly spironolactone, may reduce decline by modulating aldosterone-dependent pathways and targeting hippocampal receptors. However, in humans fragmented, no systematic review has consolidated these findings. This evaluates synthesizes current data, identifies research gaps. Methods: A literature search using terms related to MRAs outcomes was performed PubMed Web Science from 1979 2023. total 143 articles were identified 85 screened after removing duplicates. Ultimately, 44 studies included classified based on study design population focus (preclinical, healthy controls, patients with psychiatric disorders, cardiovascular patients). Results: Spironolactone demonstrated mixed cognition. In participants, it improved spatial memory under stress prevented stress-related suppression medial temporal activity, but impaired working selective attention. conditions, spironolactone reduced empathy deficits major depressive disorder bipolar I disorder. patients, scores had effect non-hippocampal memory. Conclusions: exhibits potential benefits across populations. its cognition are mixed, highlighting need for further understand mechanisms therapeutic potential, heart failure other conditions.
Language: Английский
Citations
1