Social Determinants of Health and Functional Brain Connectivity Predict Long-Term Physical Activity Adherence in Older Adults After a New Cardiovascular Diagnosis DOI Creative Commons

Nagashree Thovinakere,

Satrajit Ghosh,

Yasser Itturia-Medina

et al.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Physical activity is essential for preventing cognitive decline, stroke and dementia in older adults. A new cardiovascular diagnosis offers a critical window positive lifestyle changes. However, sustaining physical behavior change remains challenging the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. To identify neural, behavioral contextual predictors of successful longer-term after diagnosis, we used support vector machine learning to predict changes moderate-to-vigorous over four years 295 cognitively unimpaired adults from UK Biobank, testing three models that incorporated baseline: (i) demographic, cognitive, factors, (ii) baseline resting-state functional connectivity alone, (iii) combined multimodal features across all predictors. The multi-modal model had highest predictive power (r=0.28, p=0.001). Key included greenspace access, social support, retirement status, executive function, between-network within default mode, frontoparietal control salience/ventral attention networks. These findings underscore importance structural determinants health uncover neural may modifications. In addition furthering our understanding change, these help guide design interventions policy with ultimate goal disease burden late-life decline.

Language: Английский

Aerobic exercise, an effective intervention for cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke DOI Creative Commons
Mingjin Zhu, Wenjun Chen, Jie Zhang

et al.

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: April 4, 2025

Cognitive dysfunction is a common and debilitating complication following ischemic stroke, significantly impairing the quality of life patients. In recent years, aerobic exercise has emerged as promising non-pharmacological intervention to mitigate post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). This review synthesizes current evidence on efficacy mechanisms in enhancing recovery after stroke. Key include improved cerebral hemodynamics through enhanced blood flow (CBF), promotion neuroplasticity via brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-mediated pathways, suppression neuroinflammation (e.g., NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition), attenuation oxidative stress. Preclinical clinical studies demonstrate that modalities such gait training, cycling, aquatic therapy enhance domains including memory, executive function, attention, with optimal benefits observed at moderate-to-high intensity frequency ≥3 sessions per week. Despite robust evidence, challenges remain standardizing protocols addressing individual variability treatment response. Future research should prioritize large-scale randomized controlled trials validate long-term identify biomarkers for personalized rehabilitation strategies. underscores imperative integrate into paradigms, offering dual therapeutic approach improve both physical outcomes.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Large inter-arm systolic blood pressure difference is associated with cognitive impairment in older adults: a cross-sectional study in rural southwest China DOI Creative Commons
Qingyue Wu, Jingyuan Yang, Xinqi Zhou

et al.

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: April 14, 2025

Background Studies have shown that both inter-arm blood pressure difference (IABPD) and cognitive impairment are associated with vascular events. However, the relationship between IABPD among elderly individuals in rural China remains unclear. This study aims to investigate association older adults Guizhou, southwestern China. Methods The data were obtained from Cohort Study of Health Status Guizhou Rural Older Adults (SHGROC). A multi-stage cluster sampling method was employed select 1,088 aged ≥ 60 years Province for questionnaire surveys, physical examinations, biological sample collection. Cognitive function participants assessed using Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Bilateral measured simultaneously an automated device, calculated. Multivariable linear logistic regression models used examine impairment. Results overall prevalence 27.85%, it more common 10 mmHg ( P < 0.05). analysis revealed systolic (IASBPD) independently lower MMSE scores (β = −1.113; 95% CI : −2.120, −0.106; 0.030) a higher risk OR 1.902; 1.189, 3.040; 0.007). Additionally, dose-response observed IASBPD impairment, positive correlation. Further subgroup indicated modified by sex, smoking, regular exercise interaction Conclusion is increased Chinese adults. suggested may provide reference early identification at

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Introduction to Focused Update Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: Better Diagnosis, More Avenues for Prevention DOI
Eric E. Smith

Stroke, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 55(4), P. 788 - 790

Published: March 25, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation to Ameliorate Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment DOI Creative Commons
Kelly L. Sloane, Roy H. Hamilton

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 614 - 614

Published: June 19, 2024

Post-stroke cognitive impairment is a common and disabling condition with few effective therapeutic options. After stroke, neural reorganization other neuroplastic processes occur in response to ischemic injury, which can result clinical improvement through spontaneous recovery. Neuromodulation transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) promising intervention augment underlying neuroplasticity order improve function. This form of neuromodulation leverages mechanisms post-stroke optimize In this review, we summarize the state neurorehabilitation post-stroke, practical features tDCS, its uses stroke-related across domains, special considerations for use tDCS patient population.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Effects of exercise on patients with vascular cognitive impairment based on ACSM recommendations: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials DOI

Yu Ye,

Kangchao Wu,

Fangyuan Xu

et al.

Journal of Neurology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 272(1)

Published: Dec. 12, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Onset of α5GABA-A Receptor Dependent Hippocampal Trisynaptic Circuit Dysfunction Is Associated Increased Age and Blood Pressure DOI Creative Commons
Marcia H. Ratner, Richard D. Wainford, David H. Farb

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 25, 2024

ABSTRACT Hypertension onset with aging is of widespread clinical significance, predominantly in males, yet the neural circuitry underpinnings for hypertension associated memory dysfunction remains unknown. Sprague Dawley (SD) male but not female rats develop age dependent increases mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) by 16 months age. We sought to interrogate functional integrity hippocampal trisynaptic circuit (HTC), which known participate memory, determine whether age-associated MAP contributes that may lead mild-cognitive impairment (MCR). Ripples, and specifically sharp-wave ripple oscillations, play a role replay consolidation during awake immobility among other behaviors. These synchronous high frequency local field potentials (LFPs) band (140 200 Hz) serve as an HTC level surrogate marker function rodents, non-human primates, humans. Thus, we asked increased might alter dynamics. Recognizing each patient responds unique way used within subject design wherein animal served its own control investigative model. surgically implanted density silicon probe electrodes CA1 young aged SD males nootropic drug, α5IA, negative allosteric modulator α5 subunit containing type-A GABA receptors, could detect aberrant modulation ripples subject. Here report acute oral administration α5IA selectively modulated amplitude, duration or epochs immobility. The response peak amplitude substantially diminished when chronic exceeds 160 mmHg, corresponding significant hypertension. results are consistent model dysfunctional GABA-A receptor frequency, potential precision biomarker dysfunction. Summary Age-related neurogenic disrupts involved consolidation.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Non-Pharmacological Exercise Randomized Controlled Trials in Alzheimer’s Disease DOI
Nizhuan Wang, Hsu-Chih Tai, I‐Shiang Tzeng

et al.

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 8

Published: Sept. 20, 2024

This narrative review aimed to summarize evidence on responses exercise in pre-clinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and how long-term programs work improve neuropsychiatric symptoms cognitive performance. We conducted a of the body research benefits improving performance reducing scores patients with AD. Long-term therapy appears blood flow, increase hippocampal volume, promote neurogenesis Higher levels physical activity are associated lower chance developing disease, most prospective studies have shown that inactivity is one prevalent modifiable risk factors for development Exercise be beneficial function, symptom has been fewer side effects, such as non-pharmacological effects better adherence than medication. In this review, experts provided snapshot authoritative summary AD based best synthesis efforts, identified main knowledge gaps relevant barriers, directions future research. Furthermore, randomized trial designs practical details recommendations researchers working area, underscoring importance topics.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Exercise to prevent stroke and dementia—World Stroke Day 2024 DOI Creative Commons

Hugh S Markus

International Journal of Stroke, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(9), P. 960 - 961

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Activation of endogenous mechanisms of sanogenesis in cognitive impairment in cerebral small vessel disease DOI
Р Г Есин, D E Erkinova, О Р Есин

et al.

S S Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124(12), P. 7 - 7

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Cerebrovascular diseases themselves are the second most common cause of cognitive impairment (dementia). In addition, cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) makes a significant contribution to clinical picture neurodegenerative diseases. Since there currently no pharmacological treatments for CSVD, promising method is activation endogenous mechanisms sanogenesis. The article provides an overview studies that assess effect physical exercise on and MRI CSVD. It has been established sanogenesis during include control vascular risk factors, improvement endothelial function regulation exerkine secretion. effectiveness depends type (aerobic or resistance training) gender person. Resistance training higher therapeutic potential. Understanding these aspects will help improve program achieve maximum benefit in patients with

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Social Determinants of Health and Functional Brain Connectivity Predict Long-Term Physical Activity Adherence in Older Adults After a New Cardiovascular Diagnosis DOI Creative Commons

Nagashree Thovinakere,

Satrajit Ghosh,

Yasser Itturia-Medina

et al.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Physical activity is essential for preventing cognitive decline, stroke and dementia in older adults. A new cardiovascular diagnosis offers a critical window positive lifestyle changes. However, sustaining physical behavior change remains challenging the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. To identify neural, behavioral contextual predictors of successful longer-term after diagnosis, we used support vector machine learning to predict changes moderate-to-vigorous over four years 295 cognitively unimpaired adults from UK Biobank, testing three models that incorporated baseline: (i) demographic, cognitive, factors, (ii) baseline resting-state functional connectivity alone, (iii) combined multimodal features across all predictors. The multi-modal model had highest predictive power (r=0.28, p=0.001). Key included greenspace access, social support, retirement status, executive function, between-network within default mode, frontoparietal control salience/ventral attention networks. These findings underscore importance structural determinants health uncover neural may modifications. In addition furthering our understanding change, these help guide design interventions policy with ultimate goal disease burden late-life decline.

Language: Английский

Citations

0