Pericyte Electrical Signalling and Brain Haemodynamics

Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 136(5)

Published: March 30, 2025

ABSTRACT Dynamic control of membrane potential lies at the nexus a wide spectrum biological processes, ranging from individual cell secretions to orchestration complex thought and behaviour. Electrical signals in all vascular types (smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells pericytes) contribute haemodynamics energy delivery across spatiotemporal scales throughout tissues. Here, our goal is review synthesize key studies electrical signalling within brain vasculature integrate these with recent data illustrating an important role for pericytes, doing so attempting work towards holistic description blood flow by signalling. We use this as framework generating further questions that we believe are pursue. Drawing parallels signal integration nervous system may facilitate deeper insights into how organized it controls network level.

Language: Английский

The Complex Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in Health and Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(24), P. 13691 - 13691

Published: Dec. 21, 2024

Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), a zinc-dependent enzyme, plays critical role in the degradation and remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM). As member gelatinase subgroup metalloproteinases, MMP-2 is involved variety physiological processes, including tissue repair, wound healing, angiogenesis, embryogenesis. It primarily responsible for type IV V collagen, fibronectin, laminin, elastin, which are essential components ECM. secreted as an inactive pro-enzyme (proMMP-2) activated through proteolytic cleavage, with its activity being precisely regulated by inhibitors metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Dysregulation has been linked to pathological conditions, cardiovascular diseases, diabetic complications, kidney cancer. In it contributes vascular remodeling, atherosclerosis, aneurysms, while fibrotic mediates excessive ECM leading scarring. diabetes, elevated exacerbates complications such nephropathy, retinopathy, disease. cancer, facilitates tumor invasion metastasis degrading promoting angiogenesis. Despite roles both targeting therapeutic purposes presents challenges due dual functions raising concerns about unplanned consequences impaired healing or damage. These underscore need future research focus on developing selective modulators that can balance their under specific disease environments. Clinical trials modulation highlight potential inhibitors, those MMP-2, reduce progression fibrosarcoma, breast, lung cancers. This paper reviews structure, function, regulation involvement pathogenesis, implications modulating activity.

Language: Английский

Altered mitochondrial mass and low mitochondrial membrane potential of immune cells in patients with HBV infection and correlation with liver inflammation

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Nov. 22, 2024

Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and mitochondrial mass (MM) affect function lymphocyte activation, but few studies on HBV infection exist. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanism of dysfunction during its clinical significance by analyzing alterations MM MMP

Language: Английский