The Role of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Protective Factors in the Co-Occurrence of Somatization and Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms DOI Creative Commons

Rong Ma,

Siyu Chen,

Xiang Jinjing

et al.

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 9 - 9

Published: March 14, 2025

Objectives: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) pose a significant public health concern, negatively impacting children’s physical and mental health. This study examines the association between ACEs co-occurrence of somatization post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSSs) among Chinese college students. Additionally, it explores roles both internal (psychological resilience) external (social support) protective factors in this relationship. Methods: A sample 701 students were analyzed using Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire, Somatization subscale from Symptom Checklist-90, PTSD Checklist DSM-5, Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, Multidimensional Scale Perceived Social Support. four-level outcome variable was created based on measures PTSSs: no symptoms, somatization-only, symptoms-only (PTSSs-only), co-occurring symptoms. Data analysis conducted multiple logistic regression. Results: Among students, prevalence 62.9%, while PTSSs 13.7%. The results regression indicated positive compared to (OR = 2.28, p < 0.001). Furthermore, social support 0.26, 0.001) psychological resilience 0.48, 0.049) associated with co-occurrence. Conclusions: are risk for serve as effective against risk.

Language: Английский

Early stress-induced impaired microglial pruning of excitatory synapses on immature CRH-expressing neurons provokes aberrant adult stress responses DOI Creative Commons
Jessica L. Bolton, Annabel K. Short, Shivashankar Othy

et al.

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 38(13), P. 110600 - 110600

Published: March 1, 2022

Several mental illnesses, characterized by aberrant stress reactivity, often arise after early-life adversity (ELA). However, it is unclear how ELA affects stress-related brain circuit maturation, provoking these enduring vulnerabilities. We find that increases functional excitatory synapses onto stress-sensitive hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)-expressing neurons, resulting from disrupted developmental synapse pruning adjacent microglia. Microglial process dynamics and synaptic element engulfment were attenuated in mice, associated with deficient signaling of the microglial phagocytic receptor MerTK. Accordingly, selective chronic chemogenetic activation microglia increased reduced density to control levels. Notably, normalized adult acute responses, including stress-induced secretion behavioral threat as well adrenal hypertrophy mice. Thus, actions during development are powerful contributors mechanisms which sculpts connectivity stress-regulating promoting vulnerability illnesses.

Language: Английский

Citations

112
Neurobiology and systems biology of stress resilience DOI
Raffaël Kalisch, Scott J. Russo,

Marianne B. Müller

et al.

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 104(3), P. 1205 - 1263

Published: March 14, 2024

Stress resilience is the phenomenon that some people maintain their mental health despite exposure to adversity or show only temporary impairments followed by quick recovery. Resilience research attempts unravel factors and mechanisms make possible harness its insights for development of preventative interventions in individuals at risk acquiring stress-related dysfunctions. Biological has been lagging behind psychological social sciences but seen a massive surge recent years. At same time, progress this field hampered methodological challenges related finding suitable operationalizations study designs, replicating findings, modeling animals. We embed review behavioral, neuroimaging, neurobiological, systems biological findings adults critical methods discussion. find preliminary evidence hippocampus-based pattern separation prefrontal-based cognitive control functions protect against pathological fears aftermath singular, event-type stressors [as found fear-related disorders, including simpler forms posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)] facilitating perception safety. Reward system-based pursuit savoring positive reinforcers appear more generalized dysfunctions anxious-depressive spectrum resulting from severe longer-lasting (as depression, comorbid anxiety, PTSD). Links between preserved functioning these neural under neuroplasticity, immunoregulation, gut microbiome composition, integrity barrier blood-brain are beginning emerge. On basis, avenues pointed out.

Language: Английский

Citations

26
Annual Research Review: The power of predictability – patterns of signals in early life shape neurodevelopment and mental health trajectories DOI Creative Commons
Elysia Poggi Davis, Laura M. Glynn

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 65(4), P. 508 - 534

Published: Feb. 20, 2024

The global burden of early life adversity (ELA) is profound. World Health Organization has estimated that ELA accounts for almost 30% all psychiatric cases. Yet, our ability to identify which individuals exposed will develop mental illness remains poor and there a critical need underlying pathways mechanisms. This review proposes unpredictability as an understudied aspect tractable presents conceptual model includes biologically plausible mechanistic by impacts the developing brain. supported synthesis published new data illustrating significant patterns signals on child development. We begin with overview existing literature, focused primarily longer (e.g. years, months, days). then describe work testing impact parental moment‐to‐moment timescale, providing evidence these during sensitive windows development influence neurocircuit formation across species thus may be evolutionarily conserved process shapes Next, attention drawn emerging themes provide framework future directions research including evaluation functions, such effortful control, particularly vulnerable unpredictability, periods, sex differences, cross‐cultural investigations, addressing causality, pathway other forms Finally, we suggestions prevention intervention, introduction screening instrument identification children unpredictable experiences.

Language: Английский

Citations

21
Early Social Adversity, Altered Brain Functional Connectivity, and Mental Health DOI Creative Commons
Nathalie Holz,

Oksana Berhe,

Seda Sacu

et al.

Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 93(5), P. 430 - 441

Published: Nov. 9, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

59
Early adversity and the development of explore–exploit tradeoffs DOI
Willem E. Frankenhuis, Alison Gopnik

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 27(7), P. 616 - 630

Published: May 2, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

33
Characterizing the dimensional structure of early-life adversity in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study DOI Creative Commons
Alexis Brieant, Anna Vannucci,

Hajer Nakua

et al.

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 61, P. 101256 - 101256

Published: May 18, 2023

Early-life adversity has profound consequences for youth neurodevelopment and adjustment; however, experiences of are heterogeneous interrelated in complex ways that can be difficult to operationalize organize developmental research. We sought characterize the underlying dimensional structure co-occurring adverse among a subset (ages 9–10) from Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (N = 7115), community sample United States. identified 60 environmental experiential variables reflect experiences. Exploratory factor analysis 10 robust dimensions early-life co-occurrence, corresponding conceptual domains such as caregiver substance use biological separation, psychopathology, lack support, socioeconomic disadvantage / neighborhood safety. These demonstrated distinct associations with internalizing problems, externalizing cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control. Non-metric multidimensional scaling characterized qualitative similarity dimensions. Results supported nonlinear three-dimensional representing adversity, including continuous gradients "perspective", "environmental uncertainty", "acts omission/commission". Our findings suggest there co-occurrence ABCD at baseline, resulting may have unique implications behavior.

Language: Английский

Citations

25
Leveraging multivariate approaches to advance the science of early-life adversity DOI
Alexis Brieant, Lucinda M. Sisk, Taylor J. Keding

et al.

Child Abuse & Neglect, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106754 - 106754

Published: March 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

11
How adverse childhood experiences get under the skin: A systematic review, integration and methodological discussion on threat and reward learning mechanisms DOI Creative Commons
Julia Ruge, Mana R. Ehlers, Alexandros Kastrinogiannis

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: July 16, 2024

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are a major risk factor for the development of multiple psychopathological conditions, but mechanisms underlying this link poorly understood. Associative learning encompasses key through which individuals learn to important environmental inputs emotional and behavioral responses. ACEs may impact normative maturation associative processes, resulting in their enduring maladaptive expression manifesting psychopathology. In review, we lay out systematic methodological overview integration available evidence proposed association between threat reward processes. We summarize results from literature search (following PRISMA guidelines) yielded total 81 articles (threat: n=38, reward: n=43). Across fields, behaviorally, observed converging pattern aberrant with history ACEs, independent other sample characteristics, specific ACE types, outcome measures. Specifically, blunted was reflected reduced discrimination safety cues, primarily driven by diminished responding conditioned cues. Furthermore, attenuated manifested accuracy rate tasks involving acquisition contingencies. Importantly, emerged despite substantial heterogeneity assessment operationalization across both fields. conclude that represent mechanistic route become physiologically neurobiologically embedded ultimately confer greater closing, discuss potentially fruitful future directions research field, including considerations.

Language: Английский

Citations

10
The future of neuroscience in developmental psychopathology DOI Creative Commons
Luke W. Hyde, Jessica L. Bezek, Cleanthis Michael

et al.

Development and Psychopathology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 16

Published: March 6, 2024

Abstract Developmental psychopathology started as an intersection of fields and is now a field itself. As we contemplate the future this field, consider ways in which newer, interdisciplinary – human developmental neuroscience can inform, be informed by, psychopathology. To do so, outline principles how they are and/or implemented neuroscience. In turn, highlight collaboration between these lead to richer models more impactful translation. doing describe from enrich directions for

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Machine learning for identifying caregiving adversities associated with greatest risk for mental health problems in children DOI
Anna Vannucci, Andrea Fields, Charlotte Heleniak

et al.

Nature Mental Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1