Role of oxidative stress in neurodegenerative disorders: a review of reactive oxygen species and prevention by antioxidants

Brain Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Dec. 28, 2023

Abstract Neurological disorders include a variety of conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease, motor neuron disease and Parkinson’s affecting longevity quality life, their pathogenesis is associated with oxidative stress. Several the chronic neurodegenerative pathologies CNS share some common features, such as stress, inflammation, synapse dysfunctions, protein misfolding defective autophagia. Neuroinflammation can involve activation mast cells, contributing to in addition other sources reactive oxygen species. Antioxidants powerfully neutralize species free radicals, decreasing damage. Antioxidant genes, like manganese superoxide dismutase enzyme, undergo epigenetic changes that reduce expression, thus increasing stress tissue. Alternatively, DNA be altered by radical The landscape these genes change antioxidant function may result disease. This imbalance production increases cause cell damage neurons often observed an age-related event. Increased expression mice protective against exogenous supplementation antioxidants. Manganese requires for its enzymic function. therapy considered diseases, new mimetic dismutase, avasopasem manganese, described suggested putative treatment causes aim this narrative review explore evidence role inhibiting Can neuronal environment causing neuroinflammation neurodegeneration, reduced or reversed?

Language: Английский

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Circadian rhythms and mood disorders: Time to see the light

Neuron, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 112(1), P. 25 - 40

Published: Oct. 18, 2023

Language: Английский

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Significance of Melatonin in the Regulation of Circadian Rhythms and Disease Management

Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 61(8), P. 5541 - 5571

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Language: Английский

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Circadian Disruption and the Risk of Developing Obesity

Current Obesity Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Abstract Purpose of the Review This review summarizes recent evidence for a role clock in adipose tissue physiology and impact circadian desynchrony on development obesity. Recent Findings Circadian disruptions due to shift work, late time eating nighttime light exposure are associated with obesity its metabolic cardiovascular consequences. Studies mice harboring tissue-specific gain/loss function mutations genes revealed that acts multiple pathways control adipogenesis, lipogenesis/lipolysis thermogenesis. Time-restricted (TRE), aligning feeding active period restore function, represents promising strategy curb Summary While TRE has shown clear benefits, especially participants at higher cardiometabolic risk, current studies limited size duration. Larger, well-controlled warranted conclusively assess effects relation status gender. Field shift-workers, comparing permanent night versus rotating shifts, also necessary identify optimal window TRE.

Language: Английский

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The Mammalian Circadian Time-Keeping System

Journal of Huntington s Disease, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 91 - 104

Published: April 25, 2023

Our physiology and behavior follow precise daily programs that adapt us to the alternating opportunities challenges of day night. Under experimental isolation, these rhythms persist with a period approximately one (circadian), demonstrating their control by an internal autonomous clock. Circadian time is created at cellular level transcriptional/translational feedback loop (TTFL) in which protein products Period Cryptochrome genes inhibit own transcription. Because accumulation slow delayed, system oscillates spontaneously ∼24 hours. This cell-autonomous TTFL controls cycles gene expression all major tissues underpin our metabolic programs. In turn, innumerable clocks are coordinated central pacemaker, suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) hypothalamus. When isolated slice culture, SCN its dependent neural activity indefinitely, operating as "a clock dish". vivo, synchronized solar direct innervation from specialized retinal photoreceptors. circadian cycle action potential firing signals SCN-generated hypothalamic brain stem targets, co-ordinate downstream autonomic, endocrine, behavioral (feeding) cues synchronize sustain distributed network. therefore pervades every biological organization, molecules society. Understanding mechanisms offers important mitigate consequences disruption, so prevalent modern societies, arise shiftwork, aging, neurodegenerative diseases, not least Huntington's disease.

Language: Английский

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Circadian dysfunction induces NAFLD-related human liver cancer in a mouse model

Journal of Hepatology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 80(2), P. 282 - 292

Published: Oct. 27, 2023

Language: Английский

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The role of circadian clock in regulating cell functions: implications for diseases

MedComm, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract The circadian clock system orchestrates daily behavioral and physiological rhythms, facilitating adaptation to environmental internal oscillations. Disruptions in rhythms have been linked increased susceptibility various diseases can exacerbate existing conditions. This review delves into the intricate regulation of diurnal gene expression cell function by clocks across diverse tissues. . Specifically, we explore rhythmicity expressions, behaviors, functions both immune non‐immune cells, elucidating regulatory effects mechanisms imposed clocks. A detailed discussion is centered on complex regulating key cellular signaling pathways. We further diseases, with a focus inflammatory cancers, systemic diseases. By highlighting intimate interplay between especially through clock‐controlled function, this contributes development novel disease intervention strategies. enhanced understanding holds significant promise for design targeted therapies that exploit improved treatment efficacy.

Language: Английский

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Sex Differences in Insomnia and Circadian Rhythm Disorders: A Systematic Review

Medicina, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 60(3), P. 474 - 474

Published: March 13, 2024

Insomnia and circadian rhythm disorders are increasingly common in modern society lead to significant challenges for people’s health well-being. Some studies suggests that men women differ neurohormonal secretion, biological processes, brain morphology. Thus, such differences may affect the etiology, manifestation, course of sleep disorders, including insomnia rhythm. This systematic review aims synthesize existing literature on sex disorders. PubMed, MEDLINE, Epistemonikos, Cochrane databases were searched articles published from inception until 5 September 2023, not older than five years. We performed a search using MESH non-MESH queries: (sex differences) or (male female (men women) AND (insomnia) (sleep wake disorder*) (circadian cycle disruption) disorder*). Out off 2833 screened, 11 included. The prevalence is higher among women, their more regular stable compared men. Studies evaluating impact stressful situation associated with lockdown women’s men’s present discordant results concerning differences. Women’s was found be less fragmented men’s. However, progression peak activity time age pronounced current risk factors differently. These include cerebrovascular cardiometabolic factors, shift work, infections. long-term effects seem relevant male sex, shortening lifespan women. By summarizing analyzing studies, we highlight need further research improve understanding interaction between sleep.

Language: Английский

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Circadian Disruption and Consequences on Innate Immunity and Inflammatory Response

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(22), P. 13722 - 13722

Published: Nov. 8, 2022

Circadian rhythms control almost all aspects of physiology and behavior, allowing temporal synchrony these processes between each other, as well with the external environment. In immune system, daily leukocyte functions can determine strength response, thereby regulating efficiency defense mechanisms to cope infections or tissue injury. The natural light/dark cycle is prominent synchronizing agent perceived by circadian clock, but this role light highly compromised irregular working schedules unintentional exposure artificial at night (ALAN). primary concern disrupted important physiological processes, underlying potential links adverse health effects. Here, we first discuss consequences genetic disruption induced mutation deletion specific clock genes. Next, evaluate experimental research into effects disruptive regimes, particularly light-phase shifts, dim ALAN, constant on innate under steady state acute inflammation, in pathogenesis common lifestyle diseases. We suggest that a better understanding which influences status be importance search for strategies minimize negative chronodisruption health.

Language: Английский

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Skeletal muscle gene expression dysregulation in long-term spaceflights and aging is clock-dependent

npj Microgravity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: April 3, 2023

The circadian clock regulates cellular and molecular processes in mammals across all tissues including skeletal muscle, one of the largest organs human body. Dysregulated rhythms are characteristic aging crewed spaceflight, associated with, for example, musculoskeletal atrophy. Molecular insights into spaceflight-related alterations regulation muscle still missing. Here, we investigated potential functional consequences disruptions on using published omics datasets obtained from spaceflights other clock-altering, external (fasting exercise), or internal (aging) conditions Earth. Our analysis identified network muscle-associated pathways, as a result spaceflight duration mice, which resembles aging-related gene expression changes observed humans Earth (e.g., ATF4 downregulation, with atrophy). Furthermore, according to our results, factors such exercise fasting lead core-clock network, may compensate disruption during spaceflights. Thus, maintaining functioning is crucial ameliorate unphysiological atrophy reported among astronauts.

Language: Английский

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