Lactate is an antidepressant that mediates resilience to stress by modulating the hippocampal levels and activity of histone deacetylases

Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 44(6), P. 1152 - 1162

Published: Jan. 8, 2019

Language: Английский

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The applied implications of epigenetics in anxiety, affective and stress-related disorders - A review and synthesis on psychosocial stress, psychotherapy and prevention

Clinical Psychology Review, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 77, P. 101830 - 101830

Published: Feb. 4, 2020

Mental disorders are highly complex and multifactorial in origin, comprising an elaborate interplay of genetic environmental factors. Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA modifications (e.g. CpG methylation), histone acetylation) microRNAs function a translator between genes the environment. Indeed, influences exposure to stress shape epigenetic patterns, lifetime experiences continue alter genome throughout lifespan. Here, we summarize recently burgeoning body research regarding involvement aberrant signatures mediating increased vulnerability wide range mental disorders. We review current knowledge changes constitute useful markers predicting clinical response psychotherapeutic interventions, psychotherapy - potentially reverse risk patterns. Given first evidence pointing transgenerational transmission information, alterations arising from successful might be transferred future generations thus contribute prevention Findings integrated into multi-level framework highlighting challenges pertaining action implications research. Promising directions prediction, prevention, personalized treatment line with 'precision medicine' approach discussed.

Language: Английский

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Epigenetic Modifications of Major Depressive Disorder

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 17(8), P. 1279 - 1279

Published: Aug. 5, 2016

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a chronic disease whose neurological basis and pathophysiology remain poorly understood. Initially, it was proposed that genetic variations were responsible for the development of this disease. Nevertheless, several studies within last decade have provided evidence suggesting environmental factors play an important role in MDD pathophysiology. Alterations epigenetics mechanism, such as DNA methylation, histone modification microRNA expression could favor advance response to stressful experiences factors. The aim review describe alterations, particularly altered epigenetic mechanisms, be determinants progress, how these alterations may arise useful screening, diagnosis treatment monitoring biomarkers disorders.

Language: Английский

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Emerging Role of Epigenetic Mechanisms in Alcohol Addiction

Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 41(4), P. 666 - 680

Published: Jan. 23, 2017

Alcohol use disorder ( AUD ) is a complex brain with an array of persistent behavioral and neurochemical manifestations. Both genetic environmental factors are known to contribute the development , recent studies on alcohol exposure subsequent changes in gene expression suggest importance epigenetic mechanisms. In particular, histone modifications DNA methylation have emerged as important regulators associated phenotypes . Given therapeutic potential targets, this review aims summarize role regulation our current understanding by evaluating signatures regions critical addictive behaviors both animal human throughout various stages More specifically, effects acute chronic exposure, tolerance, postexposure withdrawal epigenetically induced synaptic plasticity within key been discussed. Understanding contribution crucial signaling pathways may prove vital for future novel biomarkers treatment agents ameliorating or preventing

Language: Английский

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Unraveling the epigenetic landscape of depression: focus on early life stress

Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 21(4), P. 341 - 357

Published: Dec. 31, 2019

Depression is a devastating psychiatric disorder caused by combination of genetic predisposition and life events, mainly exposure to stress. Early stress (ELS) in particular known "scar" the brain, leading an increased susceptibility developing depression later via epigenetic mechanisms. Epigenetic processes lead changes gene expression that are not due DNA sequence, but achieved modulation chromatin modifications, methylation, noncoding RNAs. Here we review common mechanisms including enzymes take part reading, writing, erasing specific marks. We then describe recent developments understanding how ELS leads epigenome manifested depression-like abnormalities animal models. conclude with highlighting need for future studies will potentially enable utilisation linked development much-needed novel therapeutic strategies biomarker discovery.

Language: Английский

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HDAC1 links early life stress to schizophrenia-like phenotypes

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 114(23)

Published: May 22, 2017

Significance Early life stress (ELS) is an important risk factor for schizophrenia. Our study shows that ELS in mice increases the levels of histone-deacetylase (HDAC) 1 brain and blood. Although altered Hdac1 expression response to widespread, increased prefrontal cortex are responsible development schizophrenia-like phenotypes. In turn, administration HDAC inhibitor ameliorates ELS-induced We also show brains patients with schizophrenia blood from who suffered ELS, suggesting analysis could be used patient stratification individualized therapy.

Language: Английский

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Glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) DNA methylation in association with trauma, psychopathology, transcript expression, or genotypic variation: A systematic review

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 95, P. 85 - 122

Published: Aug. 31, 2018

Language: Английский

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Chromatin organization in the female mouse brain fluctuates across the oestrous cycle

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: June 28, 2019

Abstract Male and female brains differ significantly in both health disease, yet the brain has been understudied. Sex-hormone fluctuations make particularly dynamic are likely to confer female-specific risks for neuropsychiatric disorders. The molecular mechanisms underlying nature of structure function unknown. Here we show that neuronal chromatin organization ventral hippocampus mouse fluctuates with oestrous cycle. We find organizational changes associated transcriptional activity genes important behaviour. link these dynamics variation anxiety-related behaviour structure. Our findings implicate an immediate-early gene product, Egr1, as part mechanism mediating cycle-dependent changes. This study reveals extreme, sex-specific dynamism epigenome, establishes a foundation development treatments disorders such anxiety depression.

Language: Английский

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Chromodomain Y-like Protein–Mediated Histone Crotonylation Regulates Stress-Induced Depressive Behaviors

Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 85(8), P. 635 - 649

Published: Dec. 5, 2018

Language: Английский

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Oxidative Stress and the Pathophysiology and Symptom Profile of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: July 22, 2021

Schizophrenia is associated with increased levels of oxidative stress, as reflected by an increase in the concentrations damaging reactive species and a reduction anti-oxidant defences to combat them. Evidence has suggested that whilst not likely primary cause schizophrenia, stress may contribute declining course poor outcomes schizophrenia. Here we discuss how be implicated aetiology schizophrenia examine current understanding relates associations symptoms, potentially via lipid peroxidation induced neuronal damage. We argue good target for future pharmacotherapy suggest multi-step model illness progression involved at each stage.

Language: Английский

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