Brain Behavior and Immunity,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
110, P. 155 - 161
Published: March 7, 2023
The
impact
of
the
gut
microbiota
on
glial
cell
growth
and
maturation
via
gut-brain
axis
is
highlighted
herein.
Considering
that
activation
crucial
for
onset
maintenance
neuropathic
pain,
we
assessed
putative
involvement
in
pathogenesis
pain.
Depletion
mouse
with
chronic
antibiotics
cocktail
treatment
prevented
nerve
injury-induced
mechanical
allodynia
thermal
hyperalgesia
both
male
female
mice.
Furthermore,
post-injury
relieved
ongoing
pain
pain-established
Upon
recolonization
after
cessation
antibiotics,
relapsed.
accompanied
a
decrease
TNF-α
expression
spinal
cord.
Notably,
injury
changed
diversity
composition
microbiome,
which
was
measured
by
16
s
rRNA
sequencing.
We
then
tested
if
probiotic
administration
ameliorating
dysbiosis
affected
development
injury.
Probiotic
three
weeks
prior
to
inhibited
cord
sensitization.
Our
data
reveal
an
unexpected
link
between
propose
novel
strategy
relieve
through
axis.
Immunological Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
327(1), P. 8 - 32
Published: Oct. 1, 2024
Neuroinflammation,
characterized
by
a
complex
interplay
among
innate
and
adaptive
immune
responses
within
the
central
nervous
system
(CNS),
is
crucial
in
responding
to
infections,
injuries,
disease
pathologies.
However,
dysregulation
of
neuroinflammatory
response
could
significantly
affect
neurons
terms
function
structure,
leading
profound
health
implications.
Although
tremendous
progress
has
been
made
understanding
relationship
between
processes
alterations
neuronal
integrity,
specific
implications
concerning
both
structure
have
not
extensively
covered,
with
exception
perspectives
on
glial
activation
neurodegeneration.
Thus,
this
review
aims
provide
comprehensive
overview
multifaceted
interactions
key
inflammatory
players,
exploring
mechanisms
through
which
inflammation
influences
functionality
structural
integrity
CNS.
Further,
it
will
discuss
how
these
lead
impairment
functions
architecture
highlight
consequences
caused
dysregulated
functions,
such
as
cognitive
dysfunction
mood
disorders.
By
integrating
insights
from
recent
research
findings,
enhance
our
landscape
set
stage
for
future
interventions
that
transform
current
approaches
preserve
CNS-related
conditions.
Neural Plasticity,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
2023, P. 1 - 13
Published: May 8, 2023
There
is
mounting
evidence
to
suggest
that
the
pathophysiology
of
stroke
greatly
influenced
by
microbiota
gut
and
its
metabolites,
in
particular
short-chain
fatty
acids
(SCFAs).
The
primary
purpose
study
was
evaluate
whether
levels
SCFAs
are
altered
poststroke
patients
examine
relationship
between
these
alterations
physical
condition,
intestinal
health,
pain,
or
nutritional
status
patients.
Twenty
twenty
healthy
controls
were
enrolled
current
study,
their
demographics
matched.
Gas
chromatography
used
determine
fecal
SCFAs,
16S
rRNA
gene
sequencing
microbiota.
Microbial
diversity
richness
examined
using
indices
alpha
beta,
taxonomic
analysis
utilized
group
differences.
relationships
microbiome
discriminant
bacteria,
clinical
outcomes
analyzed.
Less
community
(ACE
Chao)
observed
(P
<
0.05),
but
differences
control
terms
species
(Shannon
Simpson)
not
statistically
significant.
makeup
distinct
from
group,
as
evidenced
beta
diversity.
Then,
relative
abundances
taxa
groups
compared
order
identify
specific
changes.
At
level
phylum,
subjects
showed
a
significant
increase
Akkermansiaceae,
Fusobacteriota,
Desulfobacterota,
Ruminococcaceae,
Oscillospirales
particularly
noticeable
decrease
abundance
Acidobacteriota
0.05).
In
regard
SCFA
concentrations,
lower
acetic
acid
=
0.001)
propionic
0.049)
found
subjects.
Agathobacter
highly
correlated
with
(r
0.473,
P
0.002),
whereas
Fusobacteria
-0.371,
0.018),
Flavonifractor
-0.334,
0.034),
Desulfovibrio
-0.362,
Akkermansia
-0.321,
0.043)
negatively
related
levels.
Additionally,
findings
correlation
revealed
-0.356,
0.024),
-0.316,
0.047),
Alloprevotella
-0.366,
0.020)
significantly
high-density
lipoprotein
cholesterol.
addition,
Neurogenic
Bowel
Dysfunction
score
0.495,
0.026),
Barthel
index
-0.531,
0.015),
Fugl-Meyer
Assessment
-0.565,
0.009),
Visual
Analogue
Scale
0.605,
0.005),
Brief
Pain
Inventory
0.507,
0.023)
associated
distinctive
Stroke
generates
extensive
substantial
according
our
findings.
flora
closely
function,
Treatment
strategies
aimed
at
modulating
may
have
potential
enhance
results
Cells,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(12), P. 1612 - 1612
Published: June 13, 2023
Studies
on
host
microbiota
and
their
interactions
with
the
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
have
grown
considerably
in
last
decade.
Indeed,
it
has
been
widely
demonstrated
that
dysregulations
of
bidirectional
gut–brain
crosstalk
are
involved
development
several
pathological
conditions,
including
chronic
pain.
In
addition,
activation
peripheral
glial
cells
is
also
implicated
pathogenesis
progression
pain
other
neurodegenerative
disorders.
Recent
preclinical
findings
suggest
gut
plays
a
pivotal
role
regulating
maturation,
morphology
function,
possibly
through
action
different
microbial
metabolites,
most
studied
short-chain
fatty
acids
(SCFAs).
Moreover,
altered
composition
reported
CNS
disorders
characterized
by
cell
activation.
this
review,
we
discuss
recent
studies
showing
effects
its
depletion
modulating
function
(microglia
astrocytes),
hypothesize
possible
for
glia–microbiota
maintenance
Cancers,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
14(21), P. 5188 - 5188
Published: Oct. 22, 2022
The
medial
prefrontal
cortex
(mPFC)
is
the
main
cortical
area
for
processing
both
sensory
and
affective
aspects
of
pain.
Recently,
mPFC
was
reported
to
participate
in
cancer-induced
bone
pain
(CIBP)
via
mechanism
central
inflammation.
STING
a
key
component
neuroinflammation
neuron
system
by
activating
downstream
TBK1
NF-κB
signaling
pathways.
We
aimed
investigate
whether
regulated
rat
models
CIBP.
It
worth
noting
that
we
found
significant
upregulation
after
CIBP,
accompanied
activation
In
addition,
anxiety-like
behaviors
were
alleviated
intraperitoneal
injection
inhibitor
C-176.
Furthermore,
microglia
GMI-R1
cells,
C-176
reversed
LPS-induced
M1
polarization.
Collectively,
this
evidence
indicated
may
contribute
NF-κB,
promoting
polarization
mPFC.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: Nov. 8, 2022
Microglial
cells
play
pleiotropic
homeostatic
activities
in
the
brain,
during
development
and
adulthood.
Microglia
regulate
synaptic
activity
maturation,
continuously
patrol
brain
parenchyma
monitoring
for
reacting
to
eventual
alterations
or
damages.
In
last
two
decades
microglia
were
given
a
central
role
as
an
indicator
monitor
inflammatory
state
of
parenchyma.
However,
recent
introduction
single
cell
scRNA
analyses
several
studies
on
functional
microglia,
revealed
not-negligible
spatio-temporal
heterogeneity
microglial
populations
both
healthy
pathological
conditions.
Furthermore,
advances
knowledge
mechanisms
involved
modulation
cerebral
induced
by
gut
microbe-derived
molecules
open
new
perspectives
deciphering
possible
mediators
these
interactions.
The
aim
this
review
is
summarize
most
correlating
gut-derived
vagal
stimulation,
well
dysbiotic
events,
alteration
functioning,
contribution
cells.
