Health care workers’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review

Human Resources for Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: March 24, 2022

Abstract Background COVID-19 has challenged health systems worldwide, especially the workforce, a pillar crucial for resilience. Therefore, strengthening system resilience can be informed by analyzing care workers’ (HCWs) experiences and needs during pandemics. This review synthesizes qualitative studies published first year of pandemic to identify factors affecting HCWs’ their support pandemic. was conducted using Joanna Briggs Institute methodology scoping reviews. A systematic search on PubMed applied controlled vocabularies. Only original presenting primary data were included. Results 161 papers that from beginning up until 28th March 2021 included in review. Findings presented socio-ecological model as an analytical framework. At individual level, impact manifested well-being, daily routine, professional personal identity. interpersonal relationships identified crucial. institutional decision-making processes, organizational aspects availability emerged important experiences. community morale, norms, public knowledge importance. Finally, at policy governmental response measures shaped The lack which investigate other HCWs than doctors nurses, non-hospital settings, low- lower middle income countries. Discussion shows HCWs, with multiple contextual impacting needs. To better understand experiences, comparative investigations are needed analyze differences across well within countries, including institutional, community, levels. Similarly, interventions aimed supporting prior to, after pandemics need consider circumstances. Conclusions Following context-sensitive approach empowering accounts multitude influence could contribute building sustainable workforce future

Language: Английский

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Neuropathic pain, mood, and stress-related disorders: A literature review of comorbidity and co-pathogenesis

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 161, P. 105673 - 105673

Published: April 16, 2024

Language: Английский

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Mast Cells in Stress, Pain, Blood-Brain Barrier, Neuroinflammation and Alzheimer’s Disease

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Feb. 18, 2019

Mast cell activation plays an important role in stress-mediated disease pathogenesis. Chronic stress cause or exacerbate aging and age-dependent neurodegenerative diseases. The severity of inflammatory diseases is worsened by the stress. activation-dependent mediators augment associated pain neuroinflammation. Stress second most common trigger headache due to mast activation. Alzheimer's (AD) a progressive irreversible that affects more women than men woman's increased susceptibility chronic could increase risk for AD. Modern life-related stress, social isolation restraint early life are with level neurotoxic beta amyloid (Aβ) peptide. increases cognitive dysfunction, generates precursor protein (APP), hyperphosphorylated tau, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), plaques (APs) brain. Stress-induced Aβ persists years APs even several after exposure. activates hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis releases corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) from hypothalamus peripheral system, which formation Aβ, tau hyperphosphorylation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption cells implicated nociception pain. source target CRH other neuropeptides mediate Microglia express receptor neurodegeneration However, exact mechanisms how contribute pathogenesis AD remains elusive. This mini-review highlights possible neuroinflammation, BBB, tight junction

Language: Английский

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The interaction between stress and chronic pain through the lens of threat learning

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 107, P. 641 - 655

Published: Oct. 14, 2019

Language: Английский

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Best Evidence Rehabilitation for Chronic Pain Part 3: Low Back Pain

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 8(7), P. 1063 - 1063

Published: July 19, 2019

Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP) is a major and highly prevalent health problem. Given the high number of papers available, clinicians might be overwhelmed by evidence on CLBP management. Taking into account scale costs CLBP, it imperative that healthcare professionals have access to up-to-date, evidence-based information assist them in treatment decision-making. Therefore, this paper provides state-of-the-art overview best non-invasive rehabilitation for CLBP. together up-to-date from systematic reviews, meta-analysis available guidelines, most physically inactive therapies should not considered management, except pain neuroscience education spinal manipulative therapy if combined with exercise therapy, or without psychological therapy. Regarding active back schools, sensory discrimination training, proprioceptive exercises, sling exercises due low-quality and/or conflicting evidence. Exercise interventions other hand are recommended, but while all modalities appear effective compared minimal/passive/conservative/no intervention, there no some specific types superior others. we recommend choosing line patient’s preferences abilities. When component, effects better maintain longer over time.

Language: Английский

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The type of stress matters: repeated injection and permanent social isolation stress in male mice have a differential effect on anxiety- and depressive-like behaviours, and associated biological alterations

Translational Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Sept. 21, 2020

Chronic stress can alter the immune system, adult hippocampal neurogenesis and induce anxiety- depressive-like behaviour in rodents. However, previous studies have not discriminated between effect(s) of different types on these behavioural biological outcomes. We investigated repeated injection vs. permanent social isolation behaviour, responsivity, system functioning neurogenesis, young male mice, found that type exposure does indeed matter. Exposure to 6 weeks resulted an anxiety-like phenotype, decreased systemic inflammation (i.e., reduced plasma levels TNFα IL4), increased corticosterone reactivity, microglial activation neuronal differentiation dentate gyrus (DG). In contrast, a TNFα, IL10 VEGF, cell density for radial glia, s100β-positive cells mature neuroblasts-all DG. Interestingly, combining two distinct paradigms did additive effect outcomes, but yet characterized by IL1β, IL4 differentiation, without altered neuroinflammation or reactivity. These findings demonstrate forms chronic differentially both outcomes multiple stressors may necessarily cause more severe pathological

Language: Английский

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Socioeconomic status and occurrence of chronic pain: a meta-analysis

Lara D. Veeken, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 60(3), P. 1091 - 1105

Published: Oct. 29, 2020

Abstract Objective To examine the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and occurrence of chronic pain, defined as pain that persists or recurs for >3 months. Methods We performed a structured search in Medline, Embase, WHO Global Index Medicus Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science databases to identify cohort case–control studies on SES its subgroups (SES combined index, educational level, income occupational status). extracted study characteristics, outcome measures their 95% CIs. Literature search, data extraction risk bias assessment were conducted by two independent researchers. main subgroup meta-analyses using random-effects model, formally assessed heterogeneity publication bias. Results A total 45 studies, covering population ∼175 000 individuals, meta-analysed, yielding pooled Odds Ratio (OR) 1.32 (95% CI: 1.21, 1.44) 1.16 1.09, 1.23) low medium levels, respectively, compared with high level. obtained similar results all analyses. Heterogeneity was generally moderate across strata, some evidence found. Conclusion Our support increase when SES, feature remained constant exposure used. Further prospective research populations from developing countries are needed confirm our findings available this meta-analysis carried out exclusively developed countries.

Language: Английский

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Sensory Neurons, Neuroimmunity, and Pain Modulation by Sex Hormones

Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 162(8)

Published: May 28, 2021

Abstract The inclusion of women in preclinical pain studies has become more commonplace the last decade as National Institutes Health (NIH) released its “Sex a Biological Variable” mandate. Presumably, basic researchers have not had comprehensive understanding about neuroimmune interactions half population and how hormones play role this. To date, we learned that sex contribute to sexual differentiation nervous system differences behavior throughout lifespan; however, cycling does always explain these differences. Here, highlight recent advances our immune influence sensory neuron activity physiology pain. Neuroimmune mechanisms may be mediated by different cell types each sex, actions cells are sexually dimorphic. Unfortunately, majority assessing neuronal contributions function been limited males, so it is unclear if similar females. Finally, pathways control cellular metabolism, like nuclear receptors, shown regulatory both inflammation. Overall, communication between endocrine systems modulate signaling sex-dependent manner, but research needed reveal nuances mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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The Biology of Stress Intolerance in Patients with Chronic Pain—State of the Art and Future Directions

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 2245 - 2245

Published: March 14, 2023

Stress has been consistently linked to negative impacts on physical and mental health. More specifically, patients with chronic pain experience stress intolerance, which is an exacerbation or occurrence of symptoms in response any type stress. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unsolved. In state-of-the-art paper, we summarised the role autonomic nervous system (ANS) hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, two major systems intolerance. We provided insights into such based evidence from clinical studies both pain, showing dysregulated systems, healthy controls supported by preclinical studies, highlighting link between these Furthermore, explored possible regulating for (epi)genetic influencing ANS HPA axis. become important area research as it potential inform development interventions improve quality life individuals living pain. As a prevalent concern modern society, understanding connection stress, ANS, health conditions crucial public well-being.

Language: Английский

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A systematic review of neurophysiological sensing for the assessment of acute pain

npj Digital Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: April 26, 2023

Abstract Pain is a complex and personal experience that presents diverse measurement challenges. Different sensing technologies can be used as surrogate measure of pain to overcome these The objective this review summarise synthesise the published literature to: (a) identify relevant non-invasive physiological for assessment human pain, (b) describe analytical tools in artificial intelligence (AI) decode data collected from technologies, (c) main implications application technologies. A search was conducted July 2022 query PubMed, Web Sciences, Scopus. Papers between January 2013 are considered. Forty-eight studies included review. Two (neurological physiological) identified literature. their modality (unimodal or multimodal) presented. provided numerous examples how different AI have been applied pain. This identifies tools, use. There significant opportunities leverage multimodal deep learning improve accuracy monitoring systems. also need analyses datasets explore inclusion neural information together. Finally, challenges designing better systems

Language: Английский

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