Severity and outcomes of Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 compared to Delta variant and severity of Omicron sublineages: a systematic review and metanalysis

BMJ Global Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(7), P. e012328 - e012328

Published: July 1, 2023

Objectives To compare severity and clinical outcomes from Omicron as compared with the Delta variant to between sublineages. Methods We searched WHO COVID-19 Research database for studies that patients variant, separately sublineages BA.1 BA.2. A random-effects meta-analysis was used pool estimates of relative risk (RR) variants Heterogeneity assessed using I 2 index. Risk bias tool developed by Clinical Advances through Information Translation team. Results Our search identified 1494 42 met inclusion criteria. Eleven were published preprints. Of studies, 29 adjusted vaccination status; 12 had no adjustment; 1, adjustment unclear. Three included versus As Delta, individuals infected 61% lower death (RR 0.39, 95% CI 0.33 0.46) 56% hospitalisation 0.44, 0.34 0.56). similarly associated intensive care unit (ICU) admission, oxygen therapy, non-invasive invasive ventilation. The pooled ratio outcome when comparing BA.2 0.55 (95% 0.23 1.30). Discussion hospitalisation, ICU ventilation Delta. There difference in PROSPERO registration number CRD42022310880.

Language: Английский

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A population-scale temporal case–control evaluation of COVID-19 disease phenotype and related outcome rates in patients with cancer in England (UKCCP)

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: July 25, 2023

Abstract Patients with cancer are at increased risk of hospitalisation and mortality following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. However, the SARS-CoV-2 phenotype evolution in patients since 2020 has not previously been described. We therefore evaluated on a UK populationscale from 01/11/2020-31/08/2022, assessing case-outcome rates hospital assessment(s), intensive care admission mortality. observed that disease become less non-cancer population. Case-hospitalisation for dropped 30.58% early 2021 to 7.45% 2022 while case-mortality decreased 20.53% 3.25%. remains 2.10x 2.54x higher cancer, respectively. Overall, is compared but remain than must be empowered live more normal lives, see loved ones families, also being safeguarded expanded measures reduce transmission.

Language: Английский

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Effectiveness of Oral Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir vs. Intravenous Three-Day Remdesivir in Preventing Progression to Severe COVID-19: A Single-Center, Prospective, Comparative, Real-Life Study

Viruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(7), P. 1515 - 1515

Published: July 7, 2023

Background: Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NMV/r) and three-day course remdesivir (3RDV) have been approved as early treatments for COVID-19 outpatients not requiring supplemental oxygen. Real-life data on the efficacy of antivirals among immunocompromised patients or directly comparing their effectiveness in preventing hospitalization and/or death are scarce. Methods: Prospective, observational study conducted a tertiary care hospital, from 1 January 2022 until 15 March 2023, during prevalence Omicron variant. Inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to account differences between groups. Results: We included 521, mainly (56%), our analysis; 356 (68.3%) received 3RDV 165 (31.7%) NMV/r. Overall, 15/521 (2.9%) met primary end-point at 30 days (3RDV arm: 10/356, 2.8% vs. NMV/r 5/165, 3%, p = 1). On IPTW-adjusted univariable analysis, choice did affect outcomes. In multivariable logistic regression we found that one (OR 0.26, 95%CI 0.07–0.99, 0.049) two 0.06, 0.01–0.55, 0.014) vaccine booster shots reduced risk adverse Conclusion: patient population high-risk, immunocompromised, vaccinated variant, were equally effective prevention death.

Language: Английский

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In-hospital mortality in patients admitted to Australian intensive care units with COVID-19 between 2020 and 2024

Critical Care and Resuscitation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 27(1), P. 100094 - 100094

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

To describe and compare the demographics, management, outcomes for patients with COVID-19 admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) in Australia across various waves of COVID pandemic. People aged ≥16 years who were a participating ICU confirmed Short Period Incidence Study Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SPRINT-SARI) study between February 2020 May 2024. Primary outcome: In-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes: mortality; hospital lengths stay; supportive disease-specific therapies. From 27 18 2024, 10171 people 72 ICUs disease. The Wild Type wave included 518 (5.1%) patients, Delta 2467 (24.3%) Omicron 7186 (70.7%) patients. median (IQR) age was 61 (49-70) years, 54 (41-66) 65 (45-75) respectively (P < 0.001). proportion vaccinated cases increased successive (1% vs 23.9% 65.1%) but plateaued subvariant (range 60.0%-71.9%). Invasive mechanical ventilation use decreased (52.5% 43.6% 31.7%, P Use extracorporeal membrane oxygenation highest during (3.6%, 83 duration days [IQR 9.8-35]). Multivariable analysis demonstrated an risk in-hospital mortality among (adjusted HR 1.80, 95% CI: 1.38-2.35, p 0.001) 1.88, 1.46-2.42, when compared wave. continues manifest significant morbidity those requiring admission. Despite reduced need level supports,

Language: Английский

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Omicron variant dominance and anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination are key determinants for a milder course of COVID-19 in patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases

Clinical Rheumatology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 42(12), P. 3375 - 3385

Published: Sept. 21, 2023

Abstract Introduction This study aimed to determine whether the introduction of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and dominance omicron variant had a significant impact on outcome COVID-19 in patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SAIRDs). Methods Using data entered Greek Rheumatology Society registry, we investigated incidence hospitalization death due COVID-19, during successive periods pandemic according prevalent strain (wild-type, Alpha, Delta, Omicron) vaccinated unvaccinated patients. Variables independently associated were explored using multivariate regression analyses, while Kaplan–Meier curves used depict survival data. Results From August 2020 until June 30, 2022, 456 cases (70.2% females) mean age (± SD) 51.4 ± 14.0 years reported. In patients, proportions 24.5% 4%, compared 12.5% 0.8% group ( p < 0.001 for both comparisons). The rates wild-type, Omicron 24.7%, 31.3%, 25.9%, 8.1% respectively 0.0001), case fatality 2.7%, 7%, 0%, = 0.001). multivariable analysis, factors infection by non-Omicron variant, being non-vaccinated, exposure rituximab, older age, respiratory cardiovascular disease. Independent predictors contracting Alpha or Delta period, pulmonary disease, was protective. Conclusions this 2-year among SAIRDs have declined significantly. Vaccination appear be major determinants shift. Key points • During late phase pandemic, proportion severe cases, defined as requiring resulting death, has declined. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination are key that contributed

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of characteristics and prognosis of COVID-19 patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation during dominance of nonvariant, alpha, delta, and omicron variants in tertiary hospitals of Japan

BMC Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Feb. 20, 2024

Abstract Background In November 2021, the B.1.1.529 (omicron) variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was detected in South Africa and subsequently rapidly spread around world. Despite reduced severity omicron variants, many patients become severely ill after infection undergo invasive mechanical ventilation, but there are few reports on their background prognosis throughout all periods. This study aimed to evaluate risk factors affecting requiring ventilation with each COVID-19 pandemic Japan from nonvariants variants. Method retrospective observational conducted at Department Emergency Critical Care Medicine, Kansai Medical University Hospital Center, Osaka, Japan, March 2020 2023. Eligible were those who underwent for pneumonia. We set primary endpoint as in-hospital mortality. Multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted clinically important variables performed clinical outcomes. Results included 377 patients: 118 Nonvariant group, 154 Alpha 42 Delta 63 Omicron group. Mortality rates group 23.7% 12.3% 7.1% 30.5% Patient age significantly associated increased mortality (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.097; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.057–0.138, P < 0.001). Immunodeficiency (AOR: 3.388, CI: 1.377–8.333, = 0.008), initial SOFA score 1.190, 1.056–1.341, 0.004), dialysis prior 3.695, 1.117–11.663, 0.026), smoking history 2.548, 1.153–5.628, 0.021) Differences variants not significant high Conclusion compared pneumonia between SARS-CoV-2 these patients, differences did affect prognosis. critically higher older bacterial coinfection, or immunodeficiency, COPD, chronic renal failure dialysis.

Language: Английский

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Vaccine effectiveness against severe COVID-19 during the Omicron wave in Germany: results from the COViK study

Infection, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 51(4), P. 1093 - 1102

Published: March 13, 2023

Abstract Purpose COViK, a prospective hospital-based multicenter case-control study in Germany, aims to assess the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against severe disease. Here, we report vaccine (VE) COVID-19-caused hospitalization and intensive care treatment during Omicron wave. Methods We analyzed data from 276 cases with 494 control patients recruited 13 hospitals 1 December 2021 5 September 2022. calculated crude confounder-adjusted VE estimates. Results 21% (57/276) were not vaccinated, compared 5% controls (26/494; p < 0.001). Confounder-adjusted was 55.4% (95% CI: 12–78%), 81.5% 68–90%) 95.6% (95%CI: 88–99%) after two, three four doses, respectively. due remained stable up one year doses. Conclusion Three doses highly effective preventing disease this protection sustained; fourth dose further increased protection.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 and Severe Acute Respiratory Infections: Monitoring Trends in 421 German Hospitals During the First Four Pandemic Waves

Infection and Drug Resistance, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: Volume 16, P. 2775 - 2781

Published: May 1, 2023

Introduction: Reliable surveillance systems to monitor trends of COVID-19 case numbers and the associated healthcare burden play a central role in efficient pandemic management. In Germany, federal government agency Robert-Koch-Institute uses an ICD-code-based inpatient system, ICOSARI, assess temporal severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) hospitalization numbers. similar approach, we present large-scale analysis covering four waves derived from Initiative Quality Medicine (IQM), German-wide network care hospitals. Methods: Routine data 421 hospitals for years 2019– 2021 with "pre-pandemic" period (01– 01-2019 03– 03-2020) "pandemic" (04– 03-2020 31– 12-2021) was analysed. SARI cases were defined by ICD-codes J09-J22 U07.1 U07.2. The following outcomes analysed: intensive treatment, mechanical ventilation, in-hospital mortality. Results: Over 1.1 million identified. Patients additional codes at higher risk adverse when compared non-COVID without any coding SARI. During period, 28%, 23% 27% odds ventilation mortality, respectively, pre-pandemic Conclusion: nationwide IQM could serve as excellent source enhance view ongoing pandemic. Future developments COVID-19/SARI should be closely monitored identify specific trends, especially considering novel virus variants. Graphical Abstract: Keywords: initiative quality medicine, COVID-19, SARI, inpatient, hospital

Language: Английский

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COVID-19-related work absenteeism and associated lost productivity cost in Germany: a population-based study

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 66(6), P. 514 - 522

Published: March 14, 2024

Objective The aim of the study is to estimate COVID-19 absenteeism and indirect costs, by care setting. Methods A population-based retrospective cohort using data from German Statutory Health Insurance (SHI) database define outpatient (April 2020–December 2021) hospitalized 2020–October 2022) cohorts employed working-aged individuals. Results In ( N = 369,220), median duration associated cost was 10.0 (Q1, Q3: 5.0, 15.0) days €1061 (530, 1591), respectively. n 20,687), 15.0 (7.0, 32.0) €1591 (743, 3394), Stratified analyses showed greater in older workers, those at risk, with severe disease. Conclusions had longer resulting higher productivity loss. Being older, risk disease severity during hospitalization were important drivers duration.

Language: Английский

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Epidemiological characteristics of Omicron and Delta SARS-CoV-2 variant infection in Santiago, Chile

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Oct. 21, 2022

The variant of concern (VOC) SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1529) has been described as a highly contagious but less virulent than the current being monitored (VBM) Delta (B.1.617.2), causing fewer cases hospitalizations, symptomatology, and deaths associated with COVID-19 disease. Although epidemiological comparison both variants previously reported in other countries, no report indicates their behavior severity infection Chile. In this work, we for first time effect cohort 588 patients from Hospital de Urgencia Asistencia pública (HUAP), high-complexity health center Santiago, This is framed at beginning Chile's third wave pandemic, marked increase decrease circulating variant. Our results indicated similar proportion complete vaccination schedule variants. However, was higher prevalence hospitalization more significant symptomatology respiratory distress. On hand, our data suggest that effective preventing by antecedent, low high contagiousness, suggests could even collapse primary care service due to demand care.

Language: Английский

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