Meta-analysis of fecal metagenomes reveals global microbial signatures that are specific for colorectal cancer

Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 25(4), P. 679 - 689

Published: April 1, 2019

Language: Английский

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Long COVID or Post-acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC): An Overview of Biological Factors That May Contribute to Persistent Symptoms

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: June 23, 2021

The novel virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a pandemic of disease 2019 (COVID-19). Across the globe, subset patients who sustain an SARS-CoV-2 infection are developing wide range persistent symptoms that do not resolve over course many months. These being given diagnosis Long COVID or Post-acute sequelae COVID-19 (PASC). It is likely individual with PASC have different underlying biological factors driving their symptoms, none which mutually exclusive. This paper details mechanisms by RNA viruses beyond just be connected to long-term health consequences. also reviews literature on and other virus-initiated chronic syndromes such as post-Ebola myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue (ME/CFS) discuss scenarios for symptom development. Potential contributors include consequences from injury one multiple organs, reservoirs in certain tissues, re-activation neurotrophic pathogens herpesviruses under conditions immune dysregulation, interactions host microbiome/virome communities, clotting/coagulation issues, dysfunctional brainstem/vagus nerve signaling, ongoing activity primed cells, autoimmunity due molecular mimicry between pathogen proteins. individualized nature suggests therapeutic approaches may required best manage care specific diagnosis.

Language: Английский

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Meta-analysis of the Parkinson’s disease gut microbiome suggests alterations linked to intestinal inflammation

npj Parkinson s Disease, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: March 10, 2021

The gut microbiota is emerging as an important modulator of neurodegenerative diseases, and accumulating evidence has linked microbes to Parkinson's disease (PD) symptomatology pathophysiology. PD often preceded by gastrointestinal symptoms alterations the enteric nervous system accompany disease. Several studies have analyzed microbiome in PD, but a consensus on features PD-specific missing. Here, we conduct meta-analysis re-analyzing ten currently available 16S datasets investigate whether common patients exist across cohorts. We found significant PD-associated microbiome, which are robust study-specific technical heterogeneities, although differences structure between controls small. Enrichment genera Lactobacillus, Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium depletion bacteria belonging Lachnospiraceae family Faecalibacterium genus, both short-chain fatty acids producers, emerged most consistent alterations. This dysbiosis might result pro-inflammatory status could be recurrent affecting patients.

Language: Английский

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The microbiome–gut–brain axis in Parkinson disease — from basic research to the clinic

Nature Reviews Neurology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(8), P. 476 - 495

Published: June 24, 2022

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbial Ecosystem in Parkinson Disease: New Clinicobiological Insights from Multi‐Omics

Annals of Neurology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 89(3), P. 546 - 559

Published: Dec. 4, 2020

Gut microbiome alterations in Parkinson disease (PD) have been reported repeatedly, but their functional relevance remains unclear. Fecal metabolomics, which provide a readout of microbial activity, scarcely investigated. We investigated fecal and metabolome PD, clinical relevance.Two hundred subjects (104 patients, 96 controls) underwent extensive phenotyping. Stool samples were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. metabolomics performed two platforms, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.Fecal composition PD was significantly different from controls, with the largest effect size seen NMR-based metabolome. Microbiome compositional differences remained significant after comprehensive confounder analyses. Differentially abundant metabolite features predicted changes versus controls included bioactive molecules putative neuroprotective effects (eg, short chain fatty acids [SCFAs], ubiquinones, salicylate) other compounds increasingly implicated neurodegeneration ceramides, sphingosine, trimethylamine N-oxide). In group, cognitive impairment, low body mass index (BMI), frailty, constipation, physical activity associated differences. Notably, SCFAs poorer cognition BMI. Lower butyrate levels correlated worse postural instability-gait disorder scores.Gut function is altered characterized by differentially metabolic that important biological insights into gut-brain pathophysiology. Their further supports role for metabolites as potential targets development new biomarkers therapies PD. ANN NEUROL 2021;89:546-559.

Language: Английский

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Gut bacterial profiles in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review

CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 29(1), P. 140 - 157

Published: Oct. 25, 2022

Abstract Introduction Recent advances have highlighted the relationships between gut dysbiosis and Parkinson's disease (PD). Microbiota transplantation from PD patients to mice can induce increased alpha‐synuclein‐mediated motor deficits. Human studies identified differences in microbiota of compared healthy controls. We undertook a systematic review evaluate available evidence for involvement bacteria etiology PD. Methods The PubMed databank, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Wanfang Data were searched inception until June 2021 identify human case–control that investigated quantified feces. evaluated resulting focusing on bacterial taxa different Results Twenty‐six found which 53 microbial families 98 genera exhibited with by more than two as Bifidobacterium , Alistipes Christensenella Enterococcus Oscillospira Bilophila Desulfovibrio Escherichia/Shigella Akkermansia while Prevotella Blautia Faecalibacterium Fusicatenibacter Haemophilus had three or reports being lower patients. More one report demonstrated Bacteroides Odoribacter Parabacteroides Butyricicoccus Butyrivibrio Clostridium Coprococcus Lachnospira Lactobacillus Megasphaera Phascolarctobacterium Roseburia Ruminococcus Streptococcus Klebsiella altered both directions. Conclusion Our shows microbiome may involve alterations short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs)‐producing an increase putative pathobionts. SCFAs‐producing vary above below “optimal range,” causing imbalances. Considering are beneficial health, be associated medications, especially COMT inhibitors, high level aging.

Language: Английский

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Parkinson's Disease: A Multisystem Disorder

Neuroscience Bulletin, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 39(1), P. 113 - 124

Published: Aug. 22, 2022

Language: Английский

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Mediterranean diet adherence, gut microbiota, and Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease risk: A systematic review

Journal of the Neurological Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 434, P. 120166 - 120166

Published: Jan. 26, 2022

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's (PD) are the two most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases, both without prevention or cure. The Mediterranean diet (MeDi) may be neuroprotective by modulating gut microbiota. We aimed to assess effects of adherence MeDi on microbiota in relation AD PD risk. A search from inception November 2020 was conducted PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, Web Science, Global Health, Biological Abstracts, Grey Literature Report databases. Two searches were conducted: 1) (MeDi Microbiota) (PD AD) 2) Inclusion criteria for papers specified prior review. Of 4672 studies identified, 64 eligible inclusion. These divided into five groups: risk (n = 4), 2), microbial composition metabolomics 21), 7), 30). Adherence associated with a lower development. Eight genera species bacteria had an inverse relationship AD, one family, eight three PD. More needed investigate if MeDi, microbiota, neurodegeneration causally related.

Language: Английский

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Fecal microbiota transplantation in Parkinson's disease—A randomized repeat-dose, placebo-controlled clinical pilot study

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 2, 2023

Background and purpose The intestinal microbiome plays a primary role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders may provide an opportunity for disease modification. We performed pilot clinical study looking at safety fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), its effect on microbiome, improvement symptoms Parkinson's disease. Methods This was randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study, wherein orally administered lyophilized FMT product or matching placebo given to 12 subjects with mild moderate constipation twice weekly weeks. Subjects were followed 9 additional months (total duration months). Results Fecal caused non-severe transient upper gastrointestinal symptoms. One subject receiving diagnosed unrelated metastatic cancer removed from trial. Beta diversity (taxa) similar comparing groups baseline, however, randomized FMT, it increased significantly 6 weeks ( p = 0.008) 13 0.0008). After treatment proportions selective families within phylum Firmicutes significantly, while proportion belonging Proteobacteria reduced. Objective motor findings showed only temporary subjective symptom improvements reported compared baseline group FMT. Constipation, gut times (NS), motility index 0.0374) improved group. Conclusions tolerated multi-dose-FMT, experienced that associated reduction transit motility. administration non-motor Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrial.gov , identifier: NCT03671785.

Language: Английский

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Neurodegenerative and Neurodevelopmental Diseases and the Gut-Brain Axis: The Potential of Therapeutic Targeting of the Microbiome

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(11), P. 9577 - 9577

Published: May 31, 2023

The human gut microbiome contains the largest number of bacteria in body and has potential to greatly influence metabolism, not only locally but also systemically. There is an established link between a healthy, balanced, diverse overall health. When becomes unbalanced (dysbiosis) through dietary changes, medication use, lifestyle choices, environmental factors, ageing, this profound effect on our health linked many diseases, including metabolic inflammatory neurological diseases. While humans largely association dysbiosis with disease, animal models, causative can be demonstrated. brain particularly important maintaining health, strong neurodegenerative neurodevelopmental This suggests that microbiota composition used make early diagnosis diseases modifying microbiome-gut-brain axis might present therapeutic target for have proved intractable, aim altering trajectory such as Alzheimer's Parkinson's multiple sclerosis, autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity among others. other potentially reversible migraine, post-operative cognitive dysfunction, long COVID, which considered models therapy disease. role traditional methods microbiome, well newer, more novel treatments faecal transplants photobiomodulation, are discussed.

Language: Английский

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