Extracellular vesicles as human therapeutics: A scoping review of the literature

Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(5)

Published: May 1, 2024

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released by all cells and contribute to cell‐to‐cell communication. The capacity of EVs target specific efficiently deliver a composite profile functional molecules have led researchers around the world hypothesize their potential as therapeutics. While studies EV treatment in animal models numerous, actual clinical benefit humans has more slowly started be tested. In this scoping review, we searched PubMed other databases up 31 December 2023 and, starting from 13,567 records, selected 40 pertinent published testing therapeutics humans. analysis those shows that they small pilot trials with large heterogeneity terms administration route disease. Moreover, absence placebo control most studies, predominant local application formulations inconsistent dose metric still impede comparison across firm conclusions about safety efficacy. On hand, recording some promising outcomes strongly calls out for well‐designed larger test an alternative approach treat human diseases no or few therapeutic options.

Language: Английский

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Predicting and preventing heart failure in type 2 diabetes

The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(8), P. 607 - 624

Published: June 26, 2023

Language: Английский

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Efficacy of modern therapies for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in specific population subgroups: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Cardiorenal Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 570 - 580

Published: Sept. 16, 2024

Introduction: The efficacy and safety of emerging therapies for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) have never been compared in specific subgroups patients. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Registry, Web Science, Scopus, EMBASE libraries were used to extract data. We the following keywords: (heart OR HFrEF) AND (treatment therapy) (cardiovascular death) (hospitalization failure). randomized clinical trials HFrEF focusing on elderly (patients >65 years old >75 old), chronic kidney disease (CKD) (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min), patients diabetes mellitus (DM), coronary (CAD), New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III/IV, women, sacubitril/valsartan (S/V). primary outcome was composite endpoint cardiovascular death (CVD) HF hospitalization (HFH). Results: S/V significantly (RR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.68–0.94) CKD 0.79; 0.69–0.90); dapagliflozin 0.72; 0.60–0.86) 0.68; 0.53–0.87), those 0.59–0.88), DM 0.75; 0.63–0.89), CAD 0.77; 0.65–0.92); empagliflozin 0.78; 0.66–0.93), 0.60–0.86), 0.82; 0.68–0.99), women 0.59; 0.44–0.79), 0.64; 0.45–0.91); vericiguat 0.84; 0.73–0.97) NYHA III/IV 0.87; 0.77–0.98); omecamtiv mecarbil 0.90; 0.82–0.99) 0.88; 0.80–0.97). Conclusion: Emerging show a benefit reduction CVD HFH, each drug being more effective patient population.

Language: Английский

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Diabetic myocardial disorder. A clinical consensus statement of the Heart Failure Association of the ESC and the ESC Working Group on Myocardial & Pericardial Diseases

European Journal of Heart Failure, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 19, 2024

Language: Английский

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Emerging roles of Galectin-3 in diabetes and diabetes complications: A snapshot

Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(3), P. 569 - 577

Published: Jan. 27, 2022

Abstract Galectin-3 is a member of the galectin family, widely expressed in immune cells and plays role mainly inflammation, autoimmunity, apoptosis, chemotaxis. We summarized roles diabetes its complications, as well underlying mechanisms. Clinical research has determined that circulating level closely related to thus it promising use predictor biomarker for those diseases. also may be considered an ideal therapeutic target, which broad prospects prevention treatment especially macrovascular microvascular complications.

Language: Английский

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Prediabetes and insulin resistance in a population of patients with heart failure and reduced or preserved ejection fraction but without diabetes, overweight or hypertension

Cardiovascular Diabetology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: May 14, 2022

Abstract Background The relationships between glucose abnormalities, insulin resistance (IR) and heart failure (HF) are unclear, especially regarding to the HF type, i.e., with reduced (HFrEF) or preserved (HFpEF) ejection fraction. Overweight, diabetes hypertension potential contributors IR in persons HF. This study aimed evaluate prevalence of prediabetes a population Vietnamese patients HFrEF HFpEF but no overweight, hypertension, comparison healthy controls, relation severity. Methods We conducted prospective cross-sectional observational 190 non-overweight normotensive (114 76 HFpEF, 92.6% were ischemic HF, mean age was 70.1 years, BMI 19.7 kg/m 2 ) without (neither known nor newly diagnosed by OGTT) 95 individuals (controls). Prediabetes defined using 2006 WHO criteria. Glucose levels measured fasting h after challenge. assessed HOMA-IR several other indexes. Results Compared had higher (63.2% vs 22.1%) (according HOMA-IR, 55.3% 26.3%), insulin/glucose ratio FIRI, lower ISIT0 ISIT120 (< 0.0001 for all comparisons), difference body weight, waist circumference, blood pressure lipid parameters. more prevalent (69.3% 53.9%, p = 0.03) (p < 0.0001) than HFpEF. Among both patients, those severe (higher NYHA functional class NT-proBNP levels, fraction; 0.04–< their normoglycemic non-insulinresistant counterparts, Conclusion In non-diabetic is some trend Both associated present data support as culprit IR. Intervention strategies should be proposed aiming reduce risk incident diabetes. Studies designed test whether such may translate into an improvement further HF-related outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Efficacy and safety profile of SGLT2 inhibitors in the elderly: How is the benefit/risk balance?

Diabetes & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 49(2), P. 101419 - 101419

Published: Jan. 11, 2023

Language: Английский

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Heart Failure Following Anti-Inflammatory Medications in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Journal of the American College of Cardiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 81(15), P. 1459 - 1470

Published: April 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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New Mechanisms to Prevent Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction Using Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonism (GLP-1 RA) in Metabolic Syndrome and in Type 2 Diabetes: A Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(8), P. 4407 - 4407

Published: April 17, 2024

This review examines the impact of obesity on pathophysiology heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and focuses novel mechanisms for HFpEF prevention using a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonism (GLP-1 RA). Obesity can lead to through various mechanisms, including low-grade systemic inflammation, adipocyte dysfunction, accumulation visceral adipose tissue, increased pericardial/epicardial tissue (contributing an increase in myocardial fat content interstitial fibrosis). Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is incretin hormone that released from enteroendocrine L-cells gut. GLP-1 reduces blood glucose levels by stimulating insulin synthesis, suppressing islet α-cell function, promoting proliferation differentiation β-cells. regulates gastric emptying appetite, RA currently indicated treating type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity, metabolic syndrome (MS). Recent evidence indicates may play significant role preventing patients MS, or obese T2D. effect be due activating cardioprotective (the endogenous counter-regulatory renin angiotensin system AMPK/mTOR pathway) inhibiting deleterious remodeling PKA/RhoA/ROCK pathway, aldosterone levels, microinflammation). However, there still need further research validate these humans.

Language: Английский

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Cost of healthcare utilization associated with incident cardiovascular and renal disease in individuals with type 2 diabetes: A multinational, observational study across 12 countries

Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 24(7), P. 1277 - 1287

Published: March 24, 2022

To examine how the development of cardiovascular and renal disease (CVRD) translates to hospital healthcare costs in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) initially free from CVRD.

Language: Английский

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