Association of gestational diabetes mellitus with overall and type specific cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases: systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e070244 - e070244

Published: Sept. 21, 2022

To quantify the risk of overall and type specific cardiovascular cerebrovascular diseases as well venous thromboembolism in women with a history gestational diabetes mellitus.

Language: Английский

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Genetic and inflammatory factors underlying gestational diabetes mellitus: a review

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: April 17, 2024

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) poses a significant global health concern, impacting both maternal and fetal well-being. Early detection treatment are imperative to mitigate adverse outcomes during pregnancy. This review delves into the pivotal role of insulin function influence genetic variants, including SLC30A8, CDKAL1, TCF7L2, IRS1, GCK, in GDM development. These variations affect beta-cell activity crucial tissues, such as muscle, disrupting glucose regulation We propose hypothesis that this variation may disrupt zinc transport, consequently impairing production secretion, thereby contributing onset. Furthermore, we discussed involvement inflammatory pathways, TNF-alpha IL-6, predisposing individuals GDM. Genetic modulation these pathways exacerbate metabolism dysregulation observed patients. also how affects cardiovascular disease (CVD) through direct correlation between pregnancy cardiometabolic function, increasing atherosclerosis, decreased vascular dyslipidemia, hypertension women with history. However, further research is unravel intricate interplay genetics, understanding for devising targeted gene therapies pharmacological interventions rectify other pertinent genes. Ultimately, offers insights pathophysiological mechanisms GDM, providing foundation developing strategies its impact.

Language: Английский

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Implications of Pregnancy on Cardiometabolic Disease Risk: Preeclampsia and Gestational Diabetes

AJP Cell Physiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 327(3), P. C646 - C660

Published: July 16, 2024

Cardiometabolic disorders, such as obesity, insulin resistance, and hypertension, prior to within pregnancy are increasing in prevalence worldwide. Pregnancy-associated cardiometabolic disease poses a great risk the short- long-term well-being of mother offspring. Hypertensive pregnancy, notably preeclampsia, well gestational diabetes major diseases growing result prevalence. The mechanisms whereby diabetes, other comorbidities lead preeclampsia incompletely understood continually evolving literature. In addition, novel therapeutic avenues currently being explored these patients offset cardiometabolic-induced adverse outcomes preeclamptic pregnancies. this review, we discuss emerging pathophysiological context most recent preclinical clinical updates pathogenesis treatment conditions.

Language: Английский

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Cardiovascular outcomes 50 years after antenatal exposure to betamethasone: Follow-up of a randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

PLoS Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(4), P. e1004378 - e1004378

Published: April 1, 2024

Background Antenatal corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality, but there is limited evidence regarding their effects on long-term health. This study assessed cardiovascular outcomes 50 years after antenatal exposure to corticosteroids. Methods findings We the adult offspring who participated in first randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial betamethasone prevention respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) (1969 1974). The 717 mothers received 2 intramuscular injections 12 mg or placebo 24 h apart subsequent 398 equivalent volume placebo. Follow-up included a health questionnaire consent access administrative data sources. co-primary were prevalence factors (any hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes mellitus, gestational prediabetes) age major adverse event (MACE) (cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, coronary revascularisation, stroke, admission peripheral vascular disease, heart failure). Analyses adjusted entry, sex, clustering. Of 1,218 infants born 1,115 mothers, we followed up 424 (46% survivors; 212 [50%] female) mean (standard deviation) 49.3 (1.0) years. There no differences between those exposed (159/229 [69.4%] versus 131/195 [67.2%]; relative 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.89, 1.18;]; p = 0.735) MACE (adjusted hazard ratio 0.58, CI [0.23, 1.49]; 0.261). also components these composite any other secondary outcomes. Key limitations follow-up rate lack in-person assessments. Conclusions that increase incidence events age. Established benefits are not outweighed by an disease.

Language: Английский

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Traditional and Non-Traditional Risk Factors of Acute Coronary Syndrome in Young Women: Evidence from the ANCORS-YW Study

International Journal of Women s Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 17, P. 139 - 152

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Young women are at risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). They represent a unique population exposed to traditional cardiovascular factors and female sex-specific, non-traditional factors. The current study aimed describe ACS in young from the Middle East. present used data Jordanian, nationwide, multicenter, case-control study, ANCORS-YW. Bivariate analyses logistic regression models were predict independent using adjusted odds ratios (AOR) 95% confidence intervals (CI). included 572 (≤50-years) with median age 45-years, divided into an group (n=154, 26.9%) control no atherosclerotic disease (n=418, 73.1%). most common presentation was non-ST-elevation (n=98, 64%). group, compared had higher proportions type-2 diabetes (41.6%vs.11.7%, p<0.001), hypertension (53.9%vs.23.4%, tobacco use (37.7%vs.24.2%, p=0.001), family history (53.2%vs.23.4%, metabolic (14.3%vs.2.4%, preterm delivery (24.7%vs.16.7%, p=0.032). nonsignificantly greater hypertensive disorders pregnancy (29.2%vs.22.7%, p=0.109) gestational (15.6%vs.10.3%, p=0.081). Multivariable identified five predictors ACS: (AOR, CI: 3.45, 1.98─5.99), (3.33, 2.15─5.17), (2.01, 1.26─3.21), (1.72, 1.07─2.78), (4.35, 1.72─11.03). Modifiable play important role among women. Efforts should be made improve primordial primary prevention this population.

Language: Английский

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Association of gestational diabetes with long‐term risk of premature mortality, and cardiovascular outcomes and risk factors: A retrospective cohort analysis in the UK Biobank

Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(7), P. 2915 - 2924

Published: April 28, 2024

Abstract Aim To investigate the association of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) with premature mortality and cardiovascular (CVD) outcomes risk factors. Materials Methods Parous women recruited to UK Biobank cohort during 2006‐2010 were followed up from their first delivery until 31 October 2021. The data linked Hospital Episode Statistics registries. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models investigated associations GDM all‐cause mortality, CVD, diabetes, hypertension dyslipidaemia. Results maximum total analysis time at under observation was 9 694 090 person‐years. Among 220 726 women, 1225 self‐reported or had a recorded diagnosis GDM. After adjusting for confounders behavioural factors, associated increased [hazard ratio (HR): 1.44, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12‐1.86], particularly CVD‐related death (HR: 2.38, CI: 1.63‐3.48), as well incident CVD 1.50, 1.30‐1.74), non‐fatal 1.41, 1.20‐1.65), 14.37, 13.51‐15.27), 1.49, 1.38‐1.60), dyslipidaemia 1.30, 1.22‐1.39). greater in who did not later develop than those diabetes. Conclusions Women are have CV risk, emphasizing importance interventions prevent If develops, represents an opportunity future surveillance intervention reduce improve long‐term health.

Language: Английский

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Gestational diabetes mellitus and risk of long-term all-cause and cardiac mortality: a prospective cohort study

Cardiovascular Diabetology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Background To investigate the association between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) without subsequent overt and long-term all-cause cardiac mortality. Methods This prospective cohort study included 10,327 women (weighted population: 132,332,187) with a pregnancy history from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (2007 to 2018). Participants were divided into three groups (GDM alone, diabetes, no diabetes). Mortality data was linked Death Index up December 31, 2019. Multivariable Cox regression analysis performed examine GDM alone mortality Data October 2022 April 2023. Results Among participants, 510 5.3%) had 1862 14.1%) diabetes. Over median follow-up period of 6.7 years (69,063 person-years), there 758 deaths. The group did not show an increased risk (hazard ratio [HR] 0.67; 95% CI, 0.25–1.84), while significantly higher (HR 1.95; 1.62–2.35). Similarly, exhibit elevated 1.48; 0.50–4.39), whereas 2.37; 1.69–3.32). Furthermore, sensitivity focusing on aged 50 or above showed that HR for 1.14 (95% 0.33–3.95) 1.74 0.49–6.20). Conclusions associated mortality, both types

Language: Английский

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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Subtypes Classified by Oral Glucose Tolerance Test and Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes: Results of a Mexican Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study “Cuido Mi Embarazo”

Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 17, P. 1491 - 1502

Published: March 1, 2024

Purpose: This study explores the impact of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) subtypes classified by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) values on maternal and perinatal outcomes.Patients Methods: multicenter prospective cohort (May 2019-December 2022) included participants from Mexican Cuido mi Embarazo (CME).Women were into four groups per 75-g 2-h OGTT: 1) normal (normal OGTT), 2) GDM-Sensitivity (isolated abnormal fasting or in combination with 1-h results), 3) GDM-Secretion at their combination), 4) GDM-Mixed (three values).Cesarean delivery, neonates large for age (LGA), pre-term birth rates among outcomes compared.Between-group comparisons analyzed using either t-test, chi-square test, Fisher's exact test.Results: Of 2,056 pregnant women CME cohort, 294 (14.3%) had GDM; 53.7%, 34.4%, 11.9% as GDM-Sensitivity, GDM-Secretion, subtypes, respectively.Women GDM older (p = 0.0001) more often multiparous 0.119) vs without GDM.Cesarean delivery (63.3%; p 0.02) neonate LGA (10.7%; 0.078) higher group than overall (55.6% 8.4%, respectively).Pre-term was common (10.2% 8.5%, respectively; p=0.022).At 6 months postpartum, prediabetes frequent (31.6% 25.5%).Type 2 (10.0%vs 3.3%).Conclusion: effectively stratified risks.GDM-Mixed subtype increased risk cesarean LGA, type postpartum.GDM may help personalize clinical interventions optimize outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with greater incidence of dementia during long‐term post‐partum follow‐up

Journal of Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 295(6), P. 774 - 784

Published: April 17, 2024

Abstract Background The impact of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on incident dementia is unknown. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between GDM and all‐cause mediating effects chronic diseases this relationship. Methods This prospective cohort study included women from UK Biobank who were grouped based history. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models used explore associations dementia. We further analysed interactions covariates. Results A total 1292 with 204,171 without a history included. During median follow‐up period 45 years after first birth, 2921 diagnosed Women had 67% increased risk (hazard ratio 1.67, 95% confidence interval: 1.03–2.69) compared those According mediation analyses, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, kidney disease comorbidities (diagnosed any two three diseases) explained 34.5%, 8.4%, 5.2% 18.8% effect Subgroup analyses revealed that physical activity modified association ( p for interaction = 0.030). Among physically inactive women, significantly associated dementia; however, not observed among active women. Conclusions greater Type partially mediated Strategies prevention might be considered GDM.

Language: Английский

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Gestational diabetes mellitus and development of intergenerational overall and subtypes of cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cardiovascular Diabetology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Aug. 28, 2024

We aimed to summarize the association between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and its intergenerational cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) impacts in both mothers offspring post-delivery existing literature.

Language: Английский

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